Ese ntibishoboka kwirinda ko abandi bakwitaho? Reka twige kuri iyi ndwara y’imiterere y’umuntu ya Histrionic?

Hari igihe twumva tuti “Oh, nta muntu unyitaho,” si byo se? Ariko kuri bamwe, iki gitekerezo kirakabije. Bahora bashaka ko buri wese yiyitaho. Ubwo ni bwo bwoko bw'indwara tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi, yitwa Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD). Ntugahangayike, tuzabivugaho mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora kumva.

Indwara y'imiterere y'umuntu ya Histrionic ni iki?

Mu magambo make, indwara y’imiterere y’umuntu (HPD) ni indwara yo mu mutwe aho amarangamutima y’umuntu aba akomeye cyane, adahindagurika, kandi agahinduka vuba. Agira kandi ishusho ye idahwitse. Ijambo "histrionic" risobanura "ikinamico" cyangwa "kugira imiterere y’ikinamico."

Umuntu urwaye HPD yumva afite agaciro gashingiye ku kuba abandi bamushima cyangwa batamuha agaciro. Ntabwo yumva afite agaciro mu by'ukuri. Afite icyifuzo gikomeye cyo gukurura abandi . Bityo, rimwe na rimwe ashobora kwitwara mu buryo butangaje cyangwa budakwiriye kugira ngo ahabwe ako gasuzuguro.

Abantu barwaye HPD akenshi ntibamenya ko hari ikibazo mu myitwarire yabo no mu mitekerereze yabo. Iyi ndwara iri mu cyiciro cyitwa "Cluster B" indwara z'imico. Izindi ndwara zo muri iki cyiciro nazo zifitanye isano n'imyitwarire ikomeye kandi itunguranye.

Ni nde wibasirwa cyane n'iki kibazo? Ni iki gikunze kugaragara?

Ubusanzwe indwara ya HPD itangira mu myaka ya za 20 cyangwa mu ntangiriro z'imyaka 20. Bivugwa ko ikunze kugaragara ku bagore. Ariko, abashakashatsi bemeza ko abagabo nabo bashobora kuyirwara, ariko ishobora kuba idasuzumwe neza.

Mu by’ukuri iyi ni indwara idakunze kugaragara . Abashakashatsi bavuga ko hafi 1% by’abaturage bafite iyi ndwara. Ni ukuvuga umuntu umwe mu bantu ijana.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara y'imiterere y'umuntu (HPD)?

Ikintu nyamukuru kiranga umuntu urwaye HPD ni ukugaragaza amarangamutima menshi no gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina mu buryo bukabije kugira ngo abandi barebe ko hari icyo umuntu atekereza. Tekereza umuntu nk'uyu...

• Iyo utakaje kwitabwaho, wumva utameze neza , ukumva udashimwa, ndetse bishobora no gutuma uhungabana.
• Amarangamutima ahinduka vuba cyane , kandi ntabwo aba ari ingenzi cyane, ahubwo aba ari ay’inyuma gusa. Ushobora kumwenyura akanya gato hanyuma ukarira nta mpamvu ubundi.
• Imvugo y'amarangamutima ikomeye cyane kandi ikomeye . Hari igihe ibi bishobora kuba bikomeye ku buryo bishobora no gukoza isoni umuryango n'inshuti mu ruhame.
• Yitwara nk' "umuntu ukomeye" . Ni we ukwiye kubonwa nk'uwiza kurusha abandi bose.
• Buri gihe yitwara mu buryo bwiza cyane kandi burangwa no gukurura .
• Batekereza cyane ku miterere yabo .
• Ibyabo bwiteBagerageza gukurura abantu babitaho bakoresheje uko bagaragara. Urugero, bambara amabara meza n'imyenda igaragaza imibiri yabo.
• Mu bantu benshi mpura nabo, mvuga kandi nkanatwara mu buryo budakwiriye nk'ubusambo, nubwo ntabakunda .
• Bavuga mu buryo butangaje cyane, bavuga amagambo akomeye, ariko nta makuru cyangwa ibisobanuro birambuye bafite bibafasha .
• Bizera byoroshye ibyo abandi bavuga, kandi byoroshye kubihinduraho , cyane cyane abo bakunda.
• Ndatekereza ko umubano wanjye n'abandi bantu uri hafi cyane kurusha uko uri . Wenda nshobora kuvuga "inshuti yanjye magara" ku muntu twaganiriye rimwe cyangwa kabiri.
• Biragoye gukomeza umubano . Mu mibanire yawe n'abandi, akenshi ugaragara nk'umubeshyi n'umuntu ukunda kuganira mu buryo bugaragara gusa.
• Bashaka kunyurwa ako kanya . Ntibashobora gutegereza kubona ibintu. Bararambirwa kandi bakarakara vuba cyane.
• Bahora babaza abandi bantu ibintu nka "Ese ndi muzima?", "Ese ibi ni byiza?", kandi bakitega ko babyemera .

Igikuru ni uko twagombye gukeka niba iyi miterere y’imyitwarire ikomeje kandi ikagira ingaruka ku buzima bwa buri munsi n’imibanire.

Kuki iki kibazo kibaho?

Indwara z’imibanire y’abantu, harimo na HPD, ni zimwe mu ndwara zo mu mutwe zidasobanuka neza. Icyakora, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ibintu byinshi bishobora gutuma indwara nka HPD zitera.

• Genetike : Kubera ko HPD ikunda kugaragara mu miryango, abahanga mu bya siyansi bizera ko ishobora kuba ifite isano n'umurage. Ni ukuvuga ko iyo ngeso ishobora kuba ishingiye ku ngirabuzimafatizo.
• Ihungabana rikomeye mu bwana : Ihungabana rikomeye ryabayeho mu bwana, nko guhohoterwa mu bwana cyangwa urupfu rutunguranye rw'umwe mu bagize umuryango, rishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku buzima bw'umuntu mukuru kandi rishobora kuba kimwe mu bigize imiterere y'umuntu. Abana bahangana n'iryo hungabana mu buryo butandukanye, kandi ubu buryo bushobora gutera ibibazo mu buzima bwabo bwa nyuma.
• Uburyo bwo kurera abana: Ababyeyi barera abana babo mu buryo butagira umupaka, butuma barererwa cyane, cyangwa buhorana ubwumvikane buke baba bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara indwara ya HPD. Nanone, ababyeyi barangwa n'imyitwarire idahwitse, badakomeye, bagenzura, cyangwa bashyira abana babo mu mibonano mpuzabitsina idakwiye nabo bari mu kaga ko kurwara iyi ndwara. Abashakashatsi bamwe bemeza ko ibibazo mu mibanire y'umubyeyi n'umwana bishobora gutuma abafite HPD batakaza icyizere.

Abaganga bapima iki kibazo gute?

Imiterere y'umuntu ni ikintu gikomeza kwiyongera mu bwana no mu gihe cy'ubugimbi, bityo abaganga ntibasuzuma umuntu urwaye HPD kugeza agize imyaka 18 .

Indwara z’imico, harimo na HPD, zishobora kugorana kuzisuzuma kuko, akenshi, umuntu urwaye iyi ndwara aba atekereza ko nta kibazo kiri mu myitwarire ye cyangwa uburyo atekereza.

Iyo baje gushaka ubufasha, ni ukubera ibindi bibazo bifitanye isano na HPD. Urugero, guhangayika cyangwa kwiheba biterwa no gutandukana cyangwa gutandukana. Bitabaye ibyo, si ukubera ko batekereza bati "Mfite ikibazo cy'imico."

Iyo inzobere mu by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, nk’inzobere mu by’indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa inzobere mu by’imitekerereze y’abantu, bakeka ko hari umuntu ushobora kuba afite HPD, akenshi babaza ibibazo rusange. Ni ukuvuga ibibazo bidashyira undi muntu mu kwirwanaho cyangwa ngo biteze ibidukikije bibi. Babaza ibibazo kugira ngo bakusanye amakuru ku bintu nka:

• Amakuru yashize
• Imibanire
• Ibisobanuro birambuye ku mirimo yabanje
• Gusuzuma ukuri (ni ukuvuga ubushobozi bwo gutandukanya isi nyayo n'isi yiyumvirwa)
• Ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ibyifuzo bitunguranye

Kubera ko umuntu ukekwaho kuba afite HPD ashobora kuba atazi imyitwarire ye, abahanga mu by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bashobora gusaba uburenganzira bwo gukusanya amakuru mu muryango n’inshuti z’uwo muntu.

Abaganga bapima indwara ya HPD bashingiye ku bipimo biri mu gitabo cy’ubuvuzi n’imibare cy’Ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika ryita ku ndwara zo mu mutwe (DSM) . Dukurikije ibi bipimo, nibura imyitwarire itanu ihoraho igomba kuba ihari:

1. Kumva utameze neza iyo atari bo bareba cyane.

2. Imyitwarire igamije gukurura cyangwa igamije gukurura abantu.

3. Amarangamutima ahinduka vuba kandi adafite ishingiro.

4. Gukoresha isura kugira ngo ukure abantu.

5. Uburyo bwo kuvuga bushingiye ku marangamutima, budasobanutse neza.

6. Kugaragaza amarangamutima mu buryo butangaje cyangwa bukabije.

7. Kwishyira mu mwanya w'abandi byoroshye.

8. Kubona imibanire nk'iy'abantu bafitanye isano iri hafi kurusha uko iri mu by'ukuri.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Abantu barwaye HPD akenshi ntibemera ko imyitwarire yabo ari ikibazo. Bakabya ibyiyumvo byabo kandi ntibakunda gukurikiza gahunda runaka. Ibi bishobora gutuma bigorana gukurikiza gahunda y'ubuvuzi. Ariko, bashobora gushaka ubufasha bitewe n'ikibazo gikomeye barimo guhura nacyo (wenda kwiheba guterwa no gutandukana cyangwa gutsindwa mu mubano wabo) cyangwa bitewe n'ikindi kibazo mu bitekerezo byabo n'imyitwarire yabo.

Ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe, cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe, ubusanzwe ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura indwara ya HPD n'izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe . Intego y'ubuvuzi ni ugufasha umuntu kumenya impamvu n'ubwoba biri inyuma y'ibitekerezo bye n'imyitwarire ye, no kumwigisha uburyo bwo kubana neza n'abandi.

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe bushobora gufasha abantu barwaye HPD:

• Ubuvuzi bw'amatsinda: Muri ibi, itsinda ry'abantu, bayobowe n'umuganga w'indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa inzobere mu by'imitekerereze, bahurira hamwe kugira ngo baganire kandi babasobanurire ibibazo byabo. Ibi bishobora gufasha cyane cyane abantu barwaye HPD, cyane cyane iyo ubu buvuzi bukorerwa abandi bantu nabo bafite HPD. Bishobora gufasha umuntu urwaye HPD kubona imyitwarire ye ubwe.
• Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze n'imibanire : Ubu bwoko bw'ubuvuzi bwibanda ku mizi y'imitekerereze y'umuntu iterwa n'ihungabana ry'amarangamutima. Binyuze mu kwisuzuma no kwisuzuma, umukiriya areba imiterere y'imibanire ye mu buzima bwe.
• Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze bufasha : Intego y'ubu buvuzi ni ukugabanya ibimenyetso no gukomeza, kongera kwiyubaka, cyangwa kunoza kwihesha agaciro no guhangana n'ibibazo. Busuzuma imibanire n'uburyo amarangamutima asubiza cyangwa imiterere y'imyitwarire.
• Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire mu bwenge (CBT) : Ubu ni uburyo bwo kuvura bufite gahunda, bushingiye ku ntego. Umuganga w'indwara zo mu mutwe cyangwa inzobere mu by'imitekerereze agufasha gusuzuma neza ibitekerezo byawe n'ibyiyumvo byawe. Ushobora gusobanukirwa uburyo ibitekerezo byawe bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe. Binyuze muri CBT, ushobora kwiga kureka ibitekerezo n'imyitwarire mibi no guteza imbere imiterere n'ingeso nziza zo gutekereza.

Nubwo nta miti ishobora kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe ihari, hari imiti ivura indwara nk'ihungabana n'imihangayiko abantu barwaye HPD bashobora kugira. Kuvura izi ndwara bishobora no koroshya kuvura HPD.

Ni izihe ngaruka mbi ibi bishobora gutera?

Abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kwiheba no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge (HPD) bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara yo kwiheba no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge (urugero, ikibazo cyo kunywa urumogi no kunywa inzoga).

Abantu barwaye HPD nabo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara izi ndwara:

• Indwara y'ibimenyetso byo mu mubiri : Muri ibi, abantu bahangayikishwa cyane n'ikimenyetso cy'umubiri bafite. Bashobora kandi kugira ibitekerezo, amarangamutima, n'imyitwarire idasanzwe bitewe n'ibimenyetso byabo.
• Ibitero by'ubwoba : Igitero cy'ubwoba ni ubwoba butunguranye, bw'igihe gito n'ingaruka zikomeye z'umubiri mu gihe cy'ibintu bisanzwe kandi bitari biteye ubwoba.
• Indwara zo Guhindura Imikorere (zitwa kandi indwara y’ibimenyetso by’imitsi): Iyi ni indwara iterwa no kubura imikorere mu gice cy’imitsi. Mu yandi magambo, ubwonko bwawe n’umubiri wawe bizera ko igice cy’imitsi yawe kidakora, nubwo nta kimenyetso cy’uko imiterere y’umubiri yangiritse.

Imyitwarire yo gushaka kwitabwaho n'abantu barwaye HPD ishobora kuba irimo gutera ubwoba no kugerageza kwiyahura kenshi . Ibi ni bibi cyane.

Ni iki giteganyijwe kugira ngo iyi ndwara igaragare?

Nubwo nta muti wa HPD uhari, abantu benshi bafite iyi ndwara babaho neza. Abantu barwaye HPD bitabira ubuvuzi bw'ibiganiro babona umusaruro mwiza iyo basobanukiwe neza uburwayi bwabo kandi bagakora neza mu mibanire yabo .

Ariko, abantu barwaye indwara ya HPD ikomeye bashobora guhura n'ibibazo kenshi ku kazi, mu mibanire n'abandi cyangwa mu rukundo.

Ese indwara y’imiterere y’umuntu ishobora kwirindwa?

Nubwo HPD idashobora kwirindwa, ubuvuzi bushobora gufasha umuntu ukunze kugira iyi ndwara kwiga uburyo bwiza bwo guhangana n'imyitwarire, ibitekerezo, n'imimerere itera umujinya .

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka ni uko HPD ari indwara yo mu mutwe. Kimwe n'izindi ndwara zose zo mu mutwe, gushaka ubufasha ukimara kubona ibimenyetso bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibibazo mu buzima bwawe . Abahanga mu by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bashobora kuguha gahunda zo kugufasha gucunga ibitekerezo byawe n'imyitwarire yawe.

Abagize umuryango w’abantu barwaye HPD bakunze kugira stress, depression, agahinda, n’irungu. Ni ngombwa kwita ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe no gushaka ubufasha niba ufite ibi bimenyetso .

Ubutumwa bwa nyuma bwo kujyana mu rugo

Sawa, rero ndizera ko hari icyo wasobanukiwe mu byo twaganiriyeho. Muri make:

• Indwara y’imiterere y’umuntu (Histrionic personality disorder - HPD) ni indwara yo mu mutwe nyayo . Si ikintu umuntu akora nkana.
• Aha cyane cyane ikiba ni uko bahora bashaka kwitabwaho n'abandi bitewe no kutiyubaha .
• Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kuvura ibi . Bugufasha gusobanukirwa imyitwarire yawe n'ibitekerezo byawe no kubihindura.
• Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu uzi afite ibi bimenyetso, ntutinye cyangwa ngo ugire isoni zo gushaka inama kwa muganga . Guhabwa ubufasha hakiri kare bishobora koroshya ubuzima.
• Niba uri umwe mu bagize umuryango w'umuntu urwaye indwara ya HPD, ugomba no gutekereza ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe . Nawe ukeneye ubufasha.

Turizera ko aya makuru azaba ingirakamaro kuri mwe. Buri wese agire ubwenge buzima n'ubuzima bwiza!

Indwara y'imiterere y'umuntu, indwara ya HPD, indwara z'imico, ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, imiterere y'imyitwarire, kwita ku bandi , uburyo bwo kuvura