Ese nawe ukunda kugira ikibazo cyo mu nda? Reka tumenye byinshi kuri iyi ndwara yitwa (Irritable Bowel Syndrome - IBS)?

Ese hari igihe ugira ububabare budasanzwe mu nda, kubyimba, kwituma nk'impiswi iyo ugiye mu bwiherero, cyangwa se ukagorwa no kumara iminsi urwaye impatwe? Ibi bimenyetso si bimwe, ahubwo ni byinshi bihurira hamwe bikagira ingaruka ku buryo bw'igogora ryawe, ari nabyo tuvuga uyu munsi (Irritable Bowel Syndrome), cyangwa (IBS) mu magambo ahinnye. Iyi ni indwara isanzwe kandi idashimishije.

Indwara y'imira irakaza (IBS) ni iki?

Muri make, IBS ni uruhurirane rw'ibimenyetso n'ibibazo bigira ingaruka ku buryo bwo kugogora, cyane cyane amara. Ni indwara ikunze kugaragara mu mara. Abantu barwaye IBS bashobora kugira ububabare mu gifu no kubabara mu nda kenshi. Hamwe n'ibi, ushobora kugira impiswi kenshi, impatwe, cyangwa rimwe na rimwe byombi.

Ariko ikintu cyiza ni uko IBS idahumanya uturemangingo tw’igogora ryawe. Ntiyongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zikomeye nka kanseri y’amara. Nubwo ari indwara idakira, abantu benshi bashobora kuyirwanya neza bahindura imibereho yabo ya buri munsi, barya, bafata imiti bibaye ngombwa, ndetse n’uburyo bwo kuvura imyitwarire.

Ese hari ubwoko bw'ingenzi bwa IBS?

Yego, IBS ishyirwa mu byiciro bishingiye ku miterere y'imyanya yawe (ubusanzwe tuyita 'imboro') mu minsi ibimenyetso byawe biba bikomeye cyane. Abantu benshi barwaye IBS bagira imyanya isanzwe mu minsi imwe n'imwe, ariko imyanya idasanzwe mu yindi minsi. Ubwoko bw'imyanya idasanzwe muri iyo minsi ni bwo bugena ubwoko bwa IBS.

• IBS hamwe no kutagira impatwe (IBS-C): Muri iki gihe, imyanda yawe myinshi iragorana kuyisohora, irabyimbye kandi yumye.
• IBS hamwe n'impiswi (IBS-D): Aha niho inyinshi mu myenge yawe iba ifunguye, nk'amazi.
• IBS ifite ingeso yo kuvanga amara (IBS-M): Muri ubu bwoko, ushobora guhura n'ibihe bitandukanye byo kubura imyanda (imyanda ikomeye kandi ifite ibibyimba) no gucibwamo (imyanda idafite ishingiro).

Ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa iri tandukaniro, kuko bumwe mu buryo bwo kuvura bukorera gusa ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa IBS.

IBS ikunze kugaragara gute?

Iyi ni indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane. Nk’uko abahanga babivuga, bivugwa ko hagati ya 10% na 15% by’abantu bakuru muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bafite IBS. Ariko, ni bake cyane, hagati ya 5% na 7%, bajya kwa muganga bakabona indwara. Mu gihugu cyacu, ibintu bisa cyane.

IBS ni imwe mu ndwara zikunze kuvurwa n'abaganga b'indwara zo mu nda.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya (IBS)?

Ibimenyetso bya IBS bishobora kuba bihoraho. Cyangwa, bishobora kuba rimwe na rimwe (flare-up). Ibyo bivuze ko utagira ibimenyetso buri gihe. Hari igihe ibimenyetso bigenda bishira (ufite amara asanzwe), hanyuma bikagaruka nyuma y'igihe runaka.

Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi bya IBS ni ibi bikurikira:

• Ibi bikunze kujyana no kubabara mu gifu cyangwa kuribwa mu nda, akenshi bigana no gukenera kwiyuhagira.
• Imyuka myinshi no kubyimba.
• Impiswi, impatwe, cyangwa guhinduranya hagati y’ibyo byombi.
• Mu mwanda hashobora kuba hari uduce tumeze nk'amatembabuzi (nk'amazi y'umweru).
• Kumva nk'aho igifu kitarashira burundu, ndetse no nyuma yo kwituma.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera IBS?

Abashakashatsi ntibaramenya neza icyatera IBS. Ariko, ishyirwa mu cyiciro cy’indwara y’imitsi n’igifu (GI). Izi ndwara zinatwa "indwara zo mu mikoranire y’igifu n’ubwonko." Muri make, bikekwa ko biterwa n’ibibazo by’itumanaho riri hagati y’ubwonko bwawe n’igifu cyawe, bifasha sisitemu yawe y’igogora gukora neza.

Ibi bibazo byo gutumanaho hagati y'ubwonko n'amara bishobora gutera ibintu nk'ibi:

• Kudakora neza kw'umubiri: Ibibazo bijyanye n'uburyo imitsi yo mu gifu cyawe yihuta kandi igatwara ibiryo mu nzira y'igifu . Abantu barwaye IBS basa n'aho bafite imitsi myinshi mu mara yabo manini kurusha uko bisanzwe. Uku kubyimba gutera kubabara no kubabara.
• Kubabara mu mara: Imitsi yo mu gifu ishobora kugira ibyiyumvo bikabije. Abantu barwaye IBS basanze bafite ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ububabare buke ugereranyije n'abadafite IBS. Ibi bivuze ko amara yawe ashobora kuba yumva ububabare n'imibabaro kurusha umuntu usanzwe.

Dore izindi mpamvu zishobora gutuma IBS itera imbere:

• Bagiteri zo mu mara: Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko hari itandukaniro riri hagati ya bagiteri mu nzira y'igogora ry'abantu barwaye IBS. Iri tandukaniro rishobora kugira uruhare mu bimenyetso. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ubwoko n'ingano ya bagiteri mu mara y'abantu barwaye IBS bitandukanye n'abadafite IBS.
• Kwandura indwara zikomeye: Hari abantu bafatwa na IBS nyuma y’ubwandu bukomeye bugira ingaruka ku igogora. Bityo birashoboka ko mikorobe zigira uruhare muri ibi.
• Kudakunda ibiryo: Hari ubwo umuntu ashobora kugira ubwivumbure ku biribwa cyangwa allergie bishobora gutera IBS. Urugero, hari abantu badashobora gusya ibikomoka ku mata, mu gihe abandi bababara iyo bariye ibiryo byakozwe mu ifu y'ingano.
• Imihangayiko mu bwana: IBS ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bantu bahuye n'ihohoterwa rishingiye ku mubiri, ku gitsina, cyangwa ku byiyumvo mu bwana. Ibi bivuze ko imihangayiko ikomeye yo mu mutwe nayo igira uruhare.

Ni ibihe bintu bitera ubwiyongere bw'ibimenyetso bya IBS?

Niba ufite IBS, ushobora kuba warabonye ko hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bituma ibimenyetso byawe birushaho kwiyongera. Ibi si byo bitera iyo ndwara, ariko bishobora gutuma ibimenyetso byawe birushaho kwiyongera cyangwa bigatuma hagaragara ibindi bishya. Ibyo tubyita intandaro. Ibintu bikunze kugaragara ni ibi:

• Imihango: Ushobora gusanga ibimenyetso byawe byiyongera uko imihango yawe ya buri kwezi igenda ihinduka.
• Ibiryo bimwe na bimwe: Ibi biratandukanye bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye. Ariko, ibiryo bisanzwe bishobora kongera ibimenyetso bya IBS birimo amata, ibiryo birimo gluten (nk'ifu y'ingano), n'ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa bitera umwuka (urugero: ibishyimbo, amashu, ibinyobwa biryoshye).
• Stress: Abashakashatsi bamwe bavuga ko IBS ari igisubizo cy'amara yawe ku stress. Niyo mpamvu IBS rimwe na rimwe yitwa "igifu cy'imitsi" cyangwa "igifu gihangayika." Tekereza nawe, wumva igifu cyawe kibabaza cyane iyo ugiye kwipimisha cyangwa iyo ufite ikibazo mu biro? Nibyo.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara IBS?

IBS ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bantu bari hagati y'imyaka 18-20 na 40. Abagore bafite amahirwe akubye kabiri yo kurwara IBS ugereranyije n'abagabo. Izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera iyi ndwara zirimo:

• Kutabihanganira ibiryo bimwe na bimwe.
• Kuba nararwaye indwara ikomeye yo mu gifu mu bihe byashize.
• Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, kuba yarakorewe ihohoterwa akiri umwana cyangwa nyuma yaho.
• Kugira ibibazo byo mu mutwe nko guhangayika, kwiheba, cyangwa indwara yo guhangayika nyuma yo guhungabana (PTSD).

Abantu benshi barwaye IBS bafite n'izindi ndwara z'ububabare budakira. Hariho indwara zongera ibyago byo kurwara IBS zirimo:

• Fibromyalgie
• Indwara y'umunaniro udashira (syndrome y'umunaniro udashira)
• Ububabare budakira mu kibuno

Wamenya ute niba ufite IBS? (Isuzuma)

Intambwe ya mbere mu gusuzuma IBS ni ugufata amateka yuzuye y'ubuzima bwawe. Muganga wawe azakubaza ibimenyetso byawe. Urugero:

• Ese ubabara iyo uri kwituma?
• Ese ubona itandukaniro mu nshuro amara yawe agenda?
• Ese hari impinduka mu miterere y'intebe yawe?
• Ni kangahe uhura n'ibi bimenyetso?
• Ibi bimenyetso byatangiye ryari?
• Hari imiti ufata?
• Ese uherutse kurwara cyangwa wahuye n'ibintu biguhangayikishije mu buzima bwawe?

Bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe, ushobora gukenera gukora ibindi bipimo kugira ngo wemeze ko ufite indwara. Nta kizamini na kimwe gihamye cyo gusuzuma IBS. Ahubwo, muganga wawe azamenya niba ufite IBS binyuze muri ibi bikurikira:

• Numvise ibimenyetso byawe.
• Reba niba warakorewe isuzuma rya kanseri y'amara yawe ku gihe.
• Menya neza ko nta bimenyetso bigaragaza izindi ndwara ufite.

Ibizamini bya laboratwari

Akenshi, ibizamini byo muri laboratwari bikorwa kugira ngo hatabaho izindi ndwara zishobora gutera ibimenyetso byawe, nko kwandura, kutaryoherwa n'ibiryo, cyangwa indi ndwara yo mu igogora (nk'indwara yo kubyimba amara - IBD). Si abantu bose bakeneye ibizamini bimwe.

• Isuzuma ry'amaraso: Suzuma indwara z'igogora cyangwa izindi ndwara zishobora gutera ibimenyetso byawe.
• Isuzuma ry'imyanya: Gusuzuma niba hari ububyimbirwe mu mara buterwa n'ubwandu cyangwa indwara y'igogora.
• Ikizamini cyo guhumeka hifashishijwe hydrogen: Reba niba ufite ubwiyongere bw'udukoko two mu mara (SIBO) cyangwa niba udashobora kwihanganira ibiryo.

Ibindi bizamini (Ibizamini byo gushushanya)

Uburyo bwo gufata amashusho bushobora kuba ngombwa kugira ngo hatabaho kubyimba cyangwa gukura kudasanzwe mu buryo bw'igogora ryawe.

• Colonoscopy: Ibi bifasha muganga wawe kumenya niba ufite ibibazo byo mu mara (nk'ibibyimba, indwara ya kanseri cyangwa kanseri) bishobora kuba bitera ibimenyetso byawe. Muri iki kizamini, muganga wawe ashyiramo agakoresho (scope) gafite kamera imbere muri ko gashobora kubona amara yawe yose.
• Sigmoidoscopy ihindagurika: Ibi bisa na colonoscopy, ariko muganga ashobora kureba gusa imbere mu nda yawe n'igice cyo hasi cy'amara yawe.
• Endoskopi yo hejuru: Ibi bishobora gufasha gusuzuma indwara ya celiac cyangwa ibindi bibazo by’igogora. Iki kizamini gikoresha umuyoboro muto kugira ngo urebe umwobo wawe, igifu, n'igice cya mbere cy'amara yawe mato, duodenum.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura IBS?

Nta buryo bumwe bwo kuvura bushobora kubakwira bose. Ariko, abantu benshi barwaye IBS bashobora kubona gahunda y'ubuvuzi ibabereye. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura burimo guhindura imirire no guhindura imibereho. Imiti nayo ishobora gufasha. Ubuvuzi bw'ubuzima bw'imyitwarire bushobora no gufasha bamwe mu bantu.

Ubu buryo bwinshi bwo kuvura bufata igihe kugira ngo bukore. Nubwo bushobora kugufasha kugenzura ibimenyetso byawe, bushobora kutabikuraho burundu.

Impinduka mu mirire

Umuganga w’imirire ashobora kugufasha guhitamo ibiryo bikubereye no guhindura uburyo urya kugira ngo wirinde ko ibimenyetso bikomeza kwiyongera. Ashobora kukugira inama nk'iyi:

• Ongeraho fibre nyinshi mu mirire yawe. Ibiryo birimo fibre nyinshi (imbuto, imboga, ibinyampeke byuzuye, imizabibu, imbuto z'inzabibu) bishobora gufasha abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kubura impatwe. Ariko ntugatangire kurya fibre nyinshi icyarimwe; zishyiremo buhoro buhoro kugira ngo amara yawe abone umwanya wo kumenyera.
• Fata fibre y'inyongera. Ubundi buryo ni ugukoresha fibre y'inyongera nka Metamucil® cyangwa Citrucel® (banza uganire na muganga wawe mbere yo kuyifata).
• Gabanya ibiryo by'amata (nk'amaforomaje n'amata). Kutabasha kwihanganira lactose bikunze kugaragara ku bantu barwaye IBS. Niba ugabanya kurya amata, menya neza ko urya ibindi biribwa bikungahaye kuri kalisiyumu (urugero: broccoli, epinari, salmon).
• Gabanya ibiryo bitera umwuka. Ibiryo nk'ibishyimbo, imimero ya Brussels, n'amashu bizwiho gutera umwuka. Ibinyobwa birimo karubone na chewing gum nabyo bishobora gutera umwuka. Gabanya ibi biribwa kandi uhe amara yawe akanyamuneza.
• Irinde ibiryo birimo gluten. Ndetse n'abantu badafite indwara ya celiac (IBS) bashobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku ndwara ya gluten. Niba uhisemo indyo idafite gluten, vugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo amenye neza ko ubona vitamine n'imyunyungugu by'ingenzi (nk'ibinyabutabire, icyuma, na kalisiyumu) ​​biboneka mu biribwa birimo gluten.
• Gerageza indyo ya FODMAP nkeya. Iyi gahunda y'imirire igabanya ingano ya karubohidrati urya. Ahubwo, igusaba ubundi buryo bwo kurya buguha intungamubiri ukeneye kandi bukorohereza igogora ryawe. Ibi bishobora kugorana gato, bityo ni byiza kugisha inama muganga cyangwa inzobere mu mirire.
• Nywa amazi menshi. Nywa nibura ibirahuri 8 (hafi litiro 2) by'amazi ku munsi. Amazi atuma umunyu mu gifu wawe urushaho kumererwa neza kandi agafasha mu kugabanya cyangwa gukumira impatwe.
• Andika urutonde rw'ibiribwa. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba kwandika urutonde rw'ibiribwa kugira ngo amenye ibyo urya n'ibyo kurya bitera ibimenyetso bya IBS. Hanyuma ushobora kubyereka inzobere mu by'imirire.

Impinduka mu mibereho

Guhindura ibikorwa byawe bya buri munsi nabyo bishobora gufasha. Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama ikurikira:

• Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe. Ishyirireho iminota 150 yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri iringaniye buri cyumweru. Ni ukuvuga iminota 30 ku munsi, iminsi 5 mu cyumweru. "Iringaniye" bivuze urwego umutima wawe uteramo cyane.
• Gerageza uburyo bwo kuruhuka. Yoga ya buri munsi, gutekereza cyane, n'ubundi buryo bwo kugabanya stress bishobora gufasha gutuza uturemangingo tw'imitsi dukorerwa cyane ndetse no "gutuza mu nda." Hari igihe umuganga w'imyitwarire ashobora no kugufasha.
• Gira ibitotsi bihagije. Ishyirireho amasaha 7 kugeza kuri 9 yo gusinzira neza buri joro. Jya uryama isaha imwe buri munsi. Gusinzira neza ni bumwe mu buryo bukomeye bwo kugabanya stress. Niba ufite ikibazo cyo gusinzira, gana muganga.
• Andika urutonde rw'ibikorwa byawe. Andika ibikorwa bigufasha gucunga IBS yawe hanyuma ubiganireho na muganga wawe.

Ubuvuzi

Abantu benshi barwaye IBS bungukira mu kubonana n'umuganga w'indwara zo mu mutwe. Ubuvuzi bushobora kugufasha guhangana n'imihangayiko n'ibibazo bitera IBS, nko guhangayika no kwiheba. Hari abantu babona ihumure bakoresheje ubu buryo:

• Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire mu buryo bwo gutekereza (CBT)
• Ubuvuzi bwa Hypnotherapy
• Ibisubizo by'umubiri

Imiti

Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti nk'iyi kugira ngo agabanye ibimenyetso:

• Imiti igabanya ububabare mu gifu (niba ufite ububabare bukabije mu gifu hamwe no kwiheba no guhangayika). Iyi miti irimo imiti nka tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) na selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
• Imiti igabanya impatwe (harimo inyunganiramirire ya fibre n'imiti yoroshya ububabare).
• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imyakura (irwanya impiswi).
• Imiti igabanya ububabare mu mara.

Nubwo ubushakashatsi ku mikorere yazo bugikomeje, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gufata imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara ya IBS. Iyi "bagiteri nziza" ishobora gufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso bya IBS.

Hariho kandi imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura IBS:

• Dicyclomine (Bentyl®)
• Hyoscyamine (Levsin®)
• Lubiprostone ((Lubiprostone (Amitiza®)))
• Linaclotide ((Linaclotide (Linzess®)))
• Plecanatide ((Plecanatide (Trulance®))))
• Rifaximin ((Rifaximin (Xifaxan®)))

Icy'ingenzi: Iyi miti yose igomba gukoreshwa gusa ku nama za muganga. Ntugafate imiti wenyine.

Ese IBS ishobora gukira burundu?

Oya, nta muti uhari wa IBS. Ariko, abantu benshi bashobora kwihanganira ibimenyetso byabo neza birinda icyabitera no gufata imiti igihe bikenewe.

Ese IBS ishobora gutera izindi ndwara zikomeye zo mu mara?

Oya, kugira IBS ntibigushyira mu kaga ko kurwara indwara zikomeye nka colitis, indwara ya Crohn, cyangwa kanseri y'amara. Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye ku bantu benshi, ariko ntugahangayikishwe cyane na byo.

Umuntu urwaye IBS yumva ameze ate?

Kubana na IBS bishobora kugorana, kuko ibimenyetso bishobora kuza bigakomeza ubuzima bwawe bwose. Kubona umuti bishobora kuba inzira yo kugerageza no kwibeshya. Ariko inkuru nziza ni uko hafi ya buri wese urwaye IBS ashobora kubona umuti umubereye.

Ubusanzwe, ibimenyetso biragenda birushaho kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita bitewe no guhindura ibyo urya n'ibyo unywa ndetse no guhindura urwego rw'ibikorwa byawe. Ushobora kuba ugomba kwihangana mu gihe umenya kandi ukirinda ibyagutera. Ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kudashira burundu. Ariko, ugomba kubona impinduka zikomeye mu buryo wumva umeze mu byumweru cyangwa amezi make.

Ese nshobora kwirinda IBS?

Kubera ko impamvu nyayo ya IBS itaramenyekana, nta buryo bwo kuyikumira cyangwa kuyikuraho. Ariko, niba ufite IBS, kwirinda impamvu zigutera indwara bishobora kugabanya inshuro nyinshi ibimenyetso byawe.

Ni ryari byaba byiza gushaka inama kwa muganga?

Niba ibimenyetso byawe bikomeje amezi arenga atatu, cyangwa bigakomeza kwiyongera umunsi ku wundi, ugomba kujya kwa muganga. Nubwo ibimenyetso byawe bitakunze kugaragara cyane, niba bibangamira ubuzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, ni byiza kuvugana na muganga w’umuryango wawe (umuganga w’ibanze).

Ibimenyetso bimwe bishobora kugaragaza ikibazo gikomeye kurushaho. Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira hamwe n'ibimenyetso bisanzwe bya IBS , gana muganga vuba bishoboka:

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso hamwe na IBS, hita ubonana na muganga!

• Umuriro
• Kuruka
• Kuva amaraso mu maraso
• Kugabanya ibiro mu buryo budasanzwe
• Impiswi irakomeye cyane ku buryo igukangura nijoro.
• Kubabara mu gifu cyane (cyane cyane ububabare budashira nyuma yo kuva mu nda cyangwa gusohora umwuka).

Ibibazo byo kubaza muganga wawe

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bya IBS, baza muganga wawe ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ni iyihe miti ishobora kumfasha?
• Ni ibihe biribwa nkwiye kwirinda?
• Ni izihe mpinduka mu mibereho ngomba kugira?
• Nzatangira kumva meze neza vuba ryari?

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Ibimenyetso bya IBS, nko kubabara mu gifu, impiswi, kuribwa mu nda no kubyimba inda, bishobora kubangamira ubuzima bwawe. Ariko, IBS ni indwara ishoboka kuyikemura.Ushobora kunoza ibimenyetso byawe uhindura ibyo urya n'ibyo unywa no guhindura ingeso zawe za buri munsi kugira ngo ukemure ibibazo bigutera. Niba urwaye ububabare bw'igifu budashira, menya neza ko ugiye kwa muganga. Muri kumwe, mushobora kubona gahunda yo kuvura IBS ikubereye. Ntugatinye, kandi ntugakomereke wenyine!

IBS , kubabara igifu, impiswi, impatwe, urugimbu, indwara zo mu mara, stress no kubabara igifu