Ese nawe urimo ubabara mu gifu no kuva amaraso? Ibi bishobora guterwa na Ulcerative Colitis (UC).

Ese ukunze gukenera kujya mu bwiherero? Ese inda yawe irababara nk'icyuma? Ese wigeze ubona amaraso make mu mwenda wawe? Ntugafate nk'ibisanzwe. Kuko bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara yitwa Ulcerative Colitis (UC), isaba kwitabwaho. Ntutinye, ntabwo ari akaga nkuko ubyibwira. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye kandi bw'ubucuti kandi tubisobanure neza.

Mu magambo make, indwara ya Ulcerative Colitis (UC) ni iki?

Indwara ya Ulcerative Colitis (UC) ni indwara ibaho ubuzima bwose idakira ariko ishobora kuvurwa neza. Itera ububyimbirwe n'udusebe duto (udusebe) mu gice cy'amara manini (inkondo y'umura) no mu nda. Muri make, imbere mu mara harabyimba kandi hakagira ububabare.

UC ni imwe mu ndwara ebyiri zikomeye ziri mu itsinda ry’indwara zitwa Inflammatory Aromal Disease (IBD) . Indi ni indwara ya Crohn. Umuntu urwaye UC ashobora kugira ibimenyetso nko gucibwamo kenshi, kubabara mu gifu, no kuva amaraso mu mwanda.

Imiterere y'iyi ndwara ni uko idahora igira ibimenyetso bimwe.

• Kurwara indwara: Muri iki gihe, ibimenyetso birakomera cyane.
• Gutabarwa (igihe cyo kubabarwa): Muri iki gihe, ushobora kubaho neza nta bimenyetso by'uburwayi.

Intego nyamukuru y'ubuvuzi ni ukugabanya ubushyuhe no kongera igihe cyo kuruhuka uko bishoboka kose.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa UC?

Abaganga bashyira UC mu byiciro bakurikije aho ububyimbirwe bubera mu mara manini. Akenshi butangirira hafi y'ikibuno, cyangwa rectum. Hanyuma bushobora gukwirakwira mu mara manini yose. Reka turebe iyi mbonerahamwe kugira ngo tugufashe gusobanukirwa neza ibi.

Uretse ubwo bwoko, UC ishyirwa mu cyiciro cyoroheje, kiringaniye, cyangwa gikomeye bitewe n'ubukana bw'ibimenyetso. Ubwoko bukomeye cyane, bukunze kugaragara cyane kandi bushobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, bwitwa fulminant ulcerative colitis . Muri ibyo bihe, hakenewe ubuvuzi bwihuse.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Ibimenyetso bya UC bishobora kwiyongera buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita. Mu ntangiriro, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso byoroheje. Nyuma, uko indwara ikomeza kwiyongera, ibimenyetso byinshi bishobora kugaragara. Reka tubirebe ukwabyo.

Ese hari izindi ngaruka uretse amara?

Yego. Ku barwayi bagera kuri 25% ba UC, ubu bubyimba bushobora kwibasira ibindi bice by'umubiri uretse amara. Hanyuma, ibimenyetso bifitanye isano na bwo bishobora kugaragara.

• Kubabara ingingo no kubyimba: Ingingo nk'amavi n'inkokora zishobora kubabara no kubyimba.
• Ibibazo by'amaso: Gutukura, kubyimba no gushyuha kw'amaso bishobora kubaho.
• Ibibazo by'uruhu: Ibibyimba, uduheri cyangwa ibisebe bishobora kugaragara ku ruhu.

Kuki iyi ndwara ibaho? Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera iyi ndwara?

Mu by’ukuri, impamvu nyayo ya UC ntiramenyekana. Ariko, abashakashatsi bemeza ko iterwa n’ibintu byinshi bitandukanye.

Igitekerezo nyamukuru ni uko ibi biterwa n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bukora cyane . Tekereza nk’ingabo z’igihugu cyacu. Akazi kabwo ni ukurinda umubiri abawutera b’abanyamahanga nka mikorobe na virusi. Ariko rimwe na rimwe ubu buryo buragenda nabi bugatangira kwibasira uturemangingo twacu tuzima. Muri UC, ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bwibasira uturemangingo two mu mara. Ibyo nibyo bitera ubu bubyimba n’inkovu.

Hari ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera iyi ndwara:

• Imyaka: Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu rubyiruko ruri hagati y'imyaka 15-30, cyangwa mu bantu bakuze bamaze imyaka 60.
• Inkomoko y'uturemangingo: Niba umuntu wo mu muryango wawe, nka mama wawe, so, cyangwa umuvandimwe wawe, afite indwara ya UC cyangwa Crohn, nawe uri mu kaga ko kuyirwara.
• Udukoko tw’ingirabuzimafatizo: Ingirabuzimafatizo zacu zirimo bagiteri z’ingirakamaro za miliyoni, ndetse na bagiteri zangiza, virusi, n’ibihumyo. Byagaragaye ko impinduka mu kuringaniza uru rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima zishobora kugira uruhare mu gutera UC.

Ni izihe ngorane zindi zishobora guterwa na UC?

Kugira indwara ya kanseri y'ibisebe byongera gato ibyago byo kurwara izindi ndwara, bityo ni ngombwa kuguma ukurikiranwa na muganga.

• Anemia: Kuva amaraso mu mara kenshi bishobora gutuma umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura mu mubiri ugabanuka, bigatera kubura amaraso.
• Kanseri y'amara: Abantu bafite UC bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y'amara kurusha abaturage muri rusange. Ibi byago biterwa n'igihe umaze urwaye UC n'igice cy'amara yawe cyafashwe. Ni ngombwa kuvugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi no gupimwa colonoscopy buri gihe.
• Osteoporose: Kubyimba mu mubiri igihe kirekire ndetse n'uburyo bumwe na bumwe bwo kuvura bishobora gutuma amagufwa acika intege kandi akavunika byoroshye.
• Ibibazo by'umwijima: Ni gake cyane, uku kubyimba gushobora no kugira ingaruka ku mwijima, bigatera indwara yitwa primary sclerosing cholangitis .
• Ingaruka ku mikurire y'abana: Iyo umwana arwaye indwara ya UC, imikurire ye ishobora kugabanuka kuko adashobora kwinjiza neza intungamubiri mu mara.

Ibibazo byihutirwa bisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse

Iyo ibi bimenyetso bigaragaye, ni ikibazo cyihutirwa. Jya ku bitaro bikuru byita ku barwayi ba ETU (ETU) byihutirwa.

• Kubura amazi mu mubiri: Impiswi nyinshi zishobora gutera umwuma, ibyo bikaba byatera umwuma. Mu bihe bikomeye , amazi yo mu muyoboro wa IV (saline) ashobora gutangwa mu bitaro.
• Gutobora amara manini: Iyo ububyimbirwe bubaye bukomeye, urukuta rw'amara manini rushobora gutobora. Iyi ni indwara iteje akaga cyane.
• Kuva amaraso menshi: Niba uva amaraso menshi cyane ku buryo udashobora kuyagenzura, ushobora gukenera guterwa amaraso.
• Megacolon y’uburozi: Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye cyane kandi kidasanzwe. Muri iki gihe, amara manini arabyimba, agahagarika gukora, agatangira kwinjiza uburozi buturutse imbere mu mubiri.
• Kuziba kw'amaraso: UC yongera ibyago byo kuziba kw'amaraso mu mitsi y'amaraso y'umubiri.

Ni gute wasuzuma iyi ndwara?

Nyuma yo kumva ibimenyetso byawe, muganga azagutegeka ibipimo byinshi kugira ngo yemeze ko ari indwara.

• Gupima amaraso: Kureba niba amaraso afite amaraso make cyangwa ibimenyetso by'ububyimbirwe.
• Ibizamini by'umwanda: Reba amaraso, mikorobe, cyangwa udukoko mu mwanda.
• Ibizamini byo gupima: Ibizamini nka X-ray, CT scan, cyangwa MRI bishobora gutanga ishusho y'uko amara ameze.
• Isuzuma rya endoskopi: Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo gusuzuma UC. Umuyoboro muto kandi woroshye ufite kamera (endoskopi) ushyirwa mu kibuno hanyuma imbere mu mara manini hakarebwa kuri ecran. Iki kizamini cyitwa colonoscopy cyangwa sigmoidoscopy . Muri iki gihe, agace gato k'urugingo kavanwa mu mara kugira ngo gasuzumwe. Ibi byitwa biopsy .

Ivurwa ite?

Hari intego ebyiri z'ingenzi zo kuvura. Imwe ni ukugenzura ibimenyetso mu gihe cyo kurwara no gutuma indwara igabanuka. Iya kabiri ni ugukomeza kumererwa neza igihe kirekire gishoboka. Ibi bikorwa ahanini hakoreshejwe imiti no kubagwa.

Imiti

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiti ishobora kugabanya ububyimbirwe mu mara.

• Aminosalicylates: Ubwoko bw'umuti ukunze gukoreshwa ku ndwara ya UC yoroheje kugeza ku iri hagati. Urugero: sulfasalazine, mesalamine .
• Corticosteroids:Iyi ni imiti ikomeye igabanya ububyimbirwe. Itangwa igihe gito gusa mu gihe cyo gushyuha gukomeye. Kubera ko kuyikoresha igihe kirekire bigira ingaruka mbi nyinshi. Urugero: prednisone, budesonide .
• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'umubiri: Imiti igenzura ibikorwa bikabije by'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Urugero: azathioprine, methotrexate .
• Biologics: Ubu ni uburyo bushya bwo kuvura bwibanda ku bice byihariye by’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri butera ububyimbirwe. Urugero: infliximab (Remicade®), adalimumab (Humira®) .
• Ibyuma bibuza JAK: Iyi ni indi miti mishya ibuza inzira itera ububyimbirwe. Ingero: tofacitinib (Xeljanz®) .

Kubaga

Iyo indwara idashobora gukemurwa n'imiti, cyangwa habayeho ingorane zikomeye, kubagwa bishobora kuba ngombwa. Abantu bagera kuri 30% barwaye UC bazakenera kubagwa mu buzima bwabo bwose.

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo kubaga. Byombi bikubiyemo uburyo bwitwa proctocolectomy , bukubiyemo gukuramo amara manini n'igice cya nyuma cy'umura.

1. Proctocolectomy na ilial pouch: Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane. Muri ubu buryo, amara manini arakurwaho, agafuka gakorwa mu gice cy'amara mato, kandi gahuzwa n'ikibuno. Nyuma yo gukira, uzabasha kugira imyororo isanzwe.

2. Guca intanga no kubaga intanga: Ibi bikorwa iyo kubagwa byavuzwe haruguru bidashoboka. Muri ubu buryo, amara manini yose arakurwaho, hagakorwa umwenge (stoma) mu nda, hanyuma hagashyirwaho agapfunyika ko gukusanya amase yo hanze.

Ni iki cyakorwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko iyi ndwara ikomeza kwiyongera?

Kumenya impamvu zigutera no kubyirinda bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo gushya.

• Gucunga imihangayiko: Sinzira bihagije, kora imyitozo ngororamubiri, kandi ukore ikintu gituza nko gutekereza cyane.
• Irinde imiti imwe n'imwe igabanya ububabare: NSAIDs (urugero: ibuprofen, diclofenac) zishobora kongera ibimenyetso bya UC. Ni byiza gufata umuti nka parasetamol wo kuvura umuriro cyangwa ububabare. Buri gihe banza uganire na muganga wawe mbere yo gufata umuti uwo ari wo wose.
• Irinde ibiryo bitera UC: Si abantu bose bafite ibintu bimwe bitera indwara. Hari abantu bakunda amata, abandi bashobora kuba bakunda ibiryo birimo fibre nyinshi. Uburyo bwiza bwo kumenya ibitera indwara ni ugukora diary y'ibiryo no kwandika ibiryo urya n'ibimenyetso ubona. Hanyuma, vugana na muganga wawe maze ufate gahunda y'imirire ikubereye.