Ese uturemangingo tw'amaraso yawe ntiturakora neza? Reka twige kuri Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)!

Ese uhora wumva unaniwe kandi unaniwe? Hari igihe bikugora guhumeka nubwo wamaze gukora akazi gato? Cyangwa ubona ibisebe no kuva amaraso ahantu hose ku mubiri wawe? Nubwo ubona ko ibi ari ibintu bisanzwe, hari igihe hashobora kuba hari impamvu inyuma y'ibi wagombye guhangayikishwaho gato. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri imwe muri izo ndwara, ari yo myelodysplastic syndrome.

Indwara ya myelodysplastic (MDS) ni iki?

Noneho reka turebe icyo iyi ndwara ya Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) ari cyo. Hari n'abantu bayita Myelodysplasia. Vuba aha, yitwa kandi Myelodysplastic Neoplasm. Mu magambo make, ni ubwoko bwa kanseri . Ariko ikibaho muri ibi ni uko uturemangingo tw'ibanze dukora amaraso mu mubiri wacu - tuyita (uturemangingo tw'amaraso) - tudakura neza, ni ukuvuga ko tudakura neza. Utwo turemangingo tuba mu musemburo w'amagufwa yacu. Ikibazo rero gitangira iyo utwo turemangingo tw'ibanze tudakura neza tukaba uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura, uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera, n'udupira tw'amaraso.

Iyo umubiri wawe udafite uturemangingo tw’amaraso duhagije, ushobora kurwara indwara zikomeye nka anemia. Ushobora kandi kwandura indwara kenshi no kuva amaraso kenshi. Kuri bamwe, MDS ishobora kwiyongera ikaba kanseri yitwa acute myeloid leukemia (AML) .

Iyi ndwara, yitwa MDS, ikunze kugaragara gake cyane. Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ifata abantu bagera kuri bane kuri buri bantu 100.000 buri mwaka. Iyo ufashwe na MDS, abaganga bawe bazagerageza kugabanya ikwirakwira ry'iyi ndwara, kugenzura ibimenyetso byawe, no kuvura ingorane zose zishobora kuvuka.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa MDS buriho?

Abaganga bagabanya ubu burwayi bwa MDS mo ubwoko butandukanye. Bareba ibisubizo by'ibizamini bitandukanye. Reka turebe icyo ibyo bizamini bishaka:

• Uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura n’umweru twiza hamwe n’umubare w’udupira tw’amaraso: Iyo uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura turi hasi, tubyita anemia. Ushobora kumva unaniwe cyane kandi udafite umwuka mwiza.
• Uturemangingo tw'amaraso tudakuze, cyangwa uduce duto: Utu duce duto tw'amaraso tumeze nk'uturemangingo tw'amaraso tudakuze. Dufata umwanya munini mu musemburo w'amagufwa, bigatuma bigorana ko uturemangingo tw'amaraso dufite ubuzima bwiza twaremwa. Niba udafite uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'umweru dufite ubuzima bwiza, ushobora kwandura indwara kenshi. Kandi niba udafite uduce duto tw'amaraso dufite ubuzima bwiza, bishobora kugorana guhagarika kuva amaraso.
• Sideroblasts:Izi ni ingirabuzimafatizo z'amaraso zitukura zitarakura. Ikidasanzwe kuri zo ni uko aho gukoresha icyuma mu gukora hemoglobin, zibika icyuma. Urabizi, hemoglobin ni poroteyine ifasha ingirabuzimafatizo zacu zitukura gutwara umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mubiri wose. Icyuma ni ingenzi kuri ibi. Rero, niba abahanga mu by'indwara babonye izi sideroblasts, bivuze ko hemoglobin yawe idakora neza.
• Ubusembwa bwa chromosome: Chromosomes ni ibice by'uturemangingo twacu birimo gene. Genes zigizwe na ADN. Niba hari ubusembwa muri izi chromosomes, bivuze ko hari ikintu cyagize ingaruka kuri ADN yawe kandi kigatera impinduka muri chromosomes mu turemangingo tw'amaraso yawe.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara ya myelodysplastic?

Wibuke ko hari igihe ushobora kugira MDS utaragaragaza ibimenyetso. Muri ibyo bihe, iyo ndwara iboneka mu buryo bw’impanuka mu gihe cyo gupima amaraso bisanzwe. Ikimenyetso nyamukuru abantu benshi babona ni uko uturemangingo dutukura dufite umubare muto, cyangwa amaraso make. Ariko, ibimenyetso bya anemia n'ibindi bimenyetso bya MDS bishobora gusa n'iby'izindi ndwara zidakabije.

Kubwibyo rero, niba ubonye impinduka zimwe na zimwe muri izi zikurikira, cyane cyane iyo zitagiyeho nyuma y'ibyumweru bike, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga.

• Niba wumva udashobora guhumeka (ibi tubyita dyspnea).
• Niba wumva ufite intege nke cyangwa unaniwe cyane , kandi umunaniro ntugabanuke nubwo wamaze kuruhuka bihagije.
• Uramutse ubonye ko uruhu rwawe rukeye kurusha uko bisanzwe. Wenda niba ufite uruhu rwijimye, muganga azasuzuma niba nta ibara ryabuze mu maso yawe yo hasi, mu kanwa no mu mazuru yawe.
• Niba urimo gukomereka cyangwa kuva amaraso byoroshye kurusha uko bisanzwe.
• Iyo ubonye utudomo duto dutukura ku ruhu rwawe, dushobora kuba ari petechiae, imitsi mito y'amaraso iri munsi y'uruhu.
• Niba ukunze kwandura indwara ziterwa n'umuriro .

Ni iki gitera MDS?

Bigaragara ko hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo kurwara MDS. Bumwe ni ukwitabira ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe byongera ibyago byo kurwara iyi ndwara. Ubundi ni ukuragwa indwara zimwe na zimwe zikomoka ku ngirabuzimafatizo.

Ibikorwa bishobora kujyana na MDS

• Kuba warahawe imiti igabanya ubukana bwa kanseri cyangwa imiti ivura kanseri mbere. Abaganga babyita MDS (tMDS) ijyanye n'ubuvuzi. Ubusanzwe, ibimenyetso bya tMDS bigaragara nyuma y'imyaka itanu kugeza kuri irindwi nyuma yo kuvurwa.
• Guhura n'ibintu bimwe na bimwe bitera kanseri, harimo umwotsi w'itabi, imiti yica udukoko, n'ibintu bishongesha umubiri nka benzene.
• Guhura n'ibyuma biremereye nka mercure cyangwa lisansi.

Indwara z'uruhererekane zishobora kuba zifitanye isano na MDS

Hagati ya 4% na 15% by'abantu bafite iyi ndwara barazwe indwara z'uturemangingo zongera ibyago byo kurwara iyi ndwara. Izo ndwara zirimo:

• Anemia ya Fanconi: Iyi ni indwara idakunze kugaragara mu maraso aho umwotsi w'amagufwa udakora uturemangingo tw'amaraso tuzima bihagije.
• Dyskeratosis congenita: Iyi ni indi ndwara idakunze kugaragara mu maraso. Aha nanone, umwongo w'amagufwa yawe ntukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso tuzima bihagije.
• Anemia ya Diamond-Blackfan: Iyi ni indwara idakunze kugaragara mu maraso aho umwongo w'amagufwa udakora uturemangingo dutukura duhagije.

Ni gute indwara ya myelodysplastic ipimwa?

Abaganga bakurikiza intambwe zitandukanye kugira ngo bamenye iyi ndwara ya MDS:

• Umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (CBC) n'ikizamini cy'itandukaniro: Ikizamini cy'amaraso gifatwa muri wowe hanyuma uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura n'utw'umweru tugasesengurwa. Kinabara umubare wa buri bwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera.
• Gupima amaraso mu maraso: Ibi bireba impinduka mu bunini, ubwoko, imiterere, n'ingano y'uturemangingo tw'amaraso mu maraso yawe, ndetse no kureba niba uturemangingo dutukura dufite icyuma gikabije.
• Isesengura rya cytogenetike: Umuganga w’indwara areba amaraso akoresheje mikorosikopi kugira ngo arebe niba hari impinduka mu mikorosomu y’uturemangingo tw’amaraso yawe.
• Kugenzura umwongo w'amagufwa: Kugira ngo umuganga akore iki kizamini, ashyira urushinge rw'ubusa mu igufwa ryawe ryo mu kibuno, agafata icyitegererezo cy'umusongo w'amagufwa, amaraso, n'amagufwa, hanyuma akabisuzuma akoresheje mikorosikopi.

Ni ibihe byiciro bya myelodysplastic syndrome?

Abaganga bagabanya iyi ndwara mu byiciro bashingiye ku ngaruka z'uko iyi ndwara yahinduka kanseri y'imitsi ikabije (AML). Bakoresha uburyo bwo gupima ingaruka bwitwa International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) . Dore bimwe mu bintu abaganga batekerezaho:

• Waba ufite ibimenyetso by'amaraso make, kuva amaraso, cyangwa ubwandu.
• Ufite ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'amaraso.
• Impinduka zimwe na zimwe muri chromosomes zawe.
• Waba waravuwe na MDS nyuma yo guhabwa imiti igabanya ubukana cyangwa imiti ivura kanseri hakoreshejwe imirasire.
• Imyaka yawe n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Indwara ya myelodysplastic ivurwa ite?

Abaganga batekereza ku bintu byinshi iyo bategura uburyo bwo kuvura MDS:

• Ubwoko bwa MDS ufite.
• Waba ufite indwara nko kubura amaraso, kuva amaraso, cyangwa indwara ziterwa na MDS.
• Waba waravuwe na MDS nyuma yo guhabwa imiti igabanya ubukana cyangwa imiti ivura kanseri hakoreshejwe imirasire.
• imyaka yawe.
• Ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Kuvura indwara ya myelodysplastic bishobora kuba bikubiyemo ubuvuzi bufasha no kuvura byangiza uturemangingo tw’amaraso tutameze neza .

Ubuvuzi bufasha

Ibi bishobora kuba bikubiyemo:

• Guterwa amaraso cyangwa gutanga amaraso: Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kubura amaraso, ushobora guterwa uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kuva amaraso, ushobora guterwa uturemangingo twa platelet.
• Ibikoresho bitera imbaraga mu maraso (Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents): Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bwongera urugero rw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura dukuze.
• Antibiyotike: MDS ishobora kugira ingaruka ku turemangingo tw’amaraso twera, bikongera ibyago byo kwandura indwara. Bityo, imiti igabanya ubukana ishobora gutangwa.

Uburyo bwo kuvura uturemangingo tw'amaraso tutameze neza

Ibi bishobora kuba bikubiyemo:

• Ubwinshi bw'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri y'imitsi ifata amenyo (AML) bushobora gukoreshwa muri ibi.
• Ubuvuzi bugabanya imbaraga z'umubiri: Ubu buvuzi bukoreshwa ku bwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa MDS. Ubu buvuzi bugabanya imbaraga z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri kandi bushobora gufasha kugabanya gukenera guterwa amaraso.
• Gutera uturemangingo tw’amaraso: Ibi bikubiyemo gusimbuza uturemangingo tw’amaraso yawe bwite, twaba tuvuye kuri wewe cyangwa utwatanze. Utwo turemangingo tw’amaraso dukurwa mu maraso yawe cyangwa mu musokoro w’amagufwa. Utwo turemangingo tubikwa muri firigo mu gihe urimo guhabwa imiti ya chimiotherapie, hanyuma tugashonga hanyuma tugasubizwa mu mubiri wawe binyuze mu guterwa imitsi. Hanyuma utwo turemangingo twemererwa gukura mu mubiri wawe no gukora uturemangingo tw’amaraso dushya.

Buri buryo bwo kuvura bushobora kugira ingaruka mbi zitandukanye n'ingorane zitandukanye. Mu gihe urimo gutekereza ku buryo bwo kuvura, ni ngombwa cyane kubaza muganga wawe ingaruka mbi n'ingorane za buri buryo.

Abantu barwaye myelodysplasia bashobora kungukirwa no kuvurwa mu buryo bwo kugabanya ububabare . Ubu buryo bushobora gufasha mu kuvura ibimenyetso bya MDS n'ingaruka mbi zo kuvurwa. Kandi icy'ingenzi ni uko bushobora gufasha mu kuvura stress zo kubana n'indwara nk'iyi idakira.

Ese indwara ya myelodysplastic ishobora kuvurwa?

Uburyo bwonyine bwo gukira burundu MDS ni ugutera uturemangingo tw’ingirabuzimafatizo neza . Ikibabaje ni uko atari buri wese ushobora kubona ubu buryo. Baza muganga wawe niba ubwo bwoko bwo gutera uturemangingo bukubereye kandi niba ari amahitamo ugomba gutekerezaho.

Icyizere cy'ubuzima bw'umuntu ufite myelodysplastic syndrome ni ikihe?

Indwara ya Myelodysplastic ni ikibazo gikomeye cy’ubuzima gishobora gutera indwara zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.Nanone, iki ni ikibazo gikomeye cyane ku buzima, kandi buri wese agira ingaruka zitandukanye. Muganga wawe ni we soko nziza y'amakuru yerekeye uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze n'uko indwara izabaho.

Ese indwara ya myelodysplastic ishobora kwirindwa?

Oya, ariko gusobanukirwa ibintu bishobora gutera MDS bishobora gufasha abaganga gusuzuma no kuvura MDS hakiri kare. Indwara ya Myelodysplastic ifitanye isano na chimiotherapie na radiation therapy, ndetse no guhura n'ibintu bimwe na bimwe bya shimi n'ibyuma biremereye. Vugana na muganga wawe ku mateka yawe y'ubuzima ndetse n'igihe cyose wahuye n'ibintu bya shimi n'ibyuma biremereye mu gihe kirekire. Bashobora kugufasha gusuzuma ibyago byawe bwite.

Nitwara nte?

MDS igira ingaruka ku bantu bose mu buryo butandukanye. Hari abantu barwara MDS ariko nta bimenyetso bafite. Niba ari uko bimeze kuri wewe, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima amaraso buri mezi atatu kugira ngo akurikirane impinduka mu turemangingo tw’amaraso yawe. Niba ufite MDS kandi ukaba urimo guhabwa ubufasha, nko guterwa amaraso, ushobora gukenera ubundi buvuzi kugira ngo ugabanye inshuro zo guterwa amaraso. Dore zimwe mu ntambwe ushobora gutera kugira ngo ushyigikire ubuvuzi bwawe:

• Niba ukoresha ibikomoka ku itabi (harimo kunywa itabi no kunywa itabi rya vape), gerageza kubireka. Baza muganga wawe ibijyanye na gahunda zo guhagarika itabi.
• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima.
• Shaka imyitozo ngororamubiri ukunda kandi uyikore kenshi gashoboka.
• Wibuke ko MDS ari indwara idakira, kandi abaganga bashobora kuyivura ariko ntibayikize. Si buri wese uzasobanukirwa ibyo urimo. Kuvugana n'abandi bahuye n'ibintu nk'ibyo ushobora kugufasha. Itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga rishobora kugufasha kubona gahunda n'ibikoresho nk'ibi.

Nubwo MDS ari indwara idakira, ntibivuze ko ugomba kubaho udafite ibyiringiro. Hariho uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha mu kugenzura iyo ndwara.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze?

Indwara ya Myelodysplastic ishobora gutera kubura amaraso, kuva amaraso, ndetse no kwandura indwara. Ugomba kujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze niba ufite:

• Niba ufite umuriro wa dogere selisiyusi 38.3 (dogere selisiyusi 100.4 Fahrenheit) cyangwa urenga, umuriro ni ikimenyetso cy'uko ushobora kuba ufite ubwandu.
• Niba urimo kuva amaraso mu buryo butunguranye.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Kubera ko indwara ya myelodysplastic ari indwara idakunze kugaragara, ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byinshi kuri yo. Dore bimwe mu bibazo ushobora kubaza muganga wawe:

• Ese MDS ni kanseri?
• MDS igira ingaruka ki kuri njye?
• Ese MDS yanjye izatera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima? Niba ari byo, ni iyihe?
• Nta bimenyetso mfite. Nakora iki kugira ngo ngire ikibazo kijyanye na MDS?

Ubutumwa bwa nyuma bwo kujyana mu rugo

Niba ufite indwara ya myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), ni ubwoko bwa kanseri isanzwe. Nta ndwara yoroshye, ariko kubana n'indwara idakira bivuze guhangana n'ingaruka z'amarangamutima ishobora kugira. Ariko kubana na MDS ntibivuze ko ugomba guta icyizere. Hari uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha mu kugenzura MDS. Ushobora kuba wemerewe gukora igerageza ry'ubuvuzi rishaka uburyo bushya bwo kuvura myelodysplastic syndrome. Hari n'ibintu ushobora gukora ubwawe. Baza muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'impinduka mu mibereho yawe, nko kurya neza no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ibi bintu bishobora kugufasha kugira ubuzima bwiza uko bishoboka kose. Ntukigere utinya, kandi ntubabare wenyine. Vugana na muganga wawe kuri byose, kandi ubone ubufasha ukeneye.

` Myelodysplastic syndrome, MDS, myelodysplasia, kanseri y'amaraso, umwongo w'amagufwa, kubura amaraso, uturemangingo tw'amaraso