Ese wamenyereye kugerageza kureka kunywa itabi, ariko nyuma y'umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri, uzabona ko wasubiye aho watangiriye? Ntabwo byoroshye nkuko ubyibwira. Abantu benshi bareka kugerageza kureka kunywa itabi bitewe n'ingorane z'umubiri n'imihangayiko yo mu mutwe bumva iyo bagerageje kuva mu bubata bw'itabi. Ariko ntugahangayike, ntabwo ugomba kunyura muri uru rugendo wenyine. Hari uburyo bw'ubuvuzi bushobora kugufasha. Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga kuri bumwe muri ubwo buryo.
Mu magambo make, ni iki ubuvuzi bwo gusimbuza nikotine (NRT)?
Ubuvuzi bwo Gusimbuza Nikotine (NRT) ni uburyo bwo kugabanya irari ry’umubiri n’ibimenyetso byo kureka kunywa itabi nyuma yo kureka kunywa itabi. Bukubiyemo gukoresha ibindi bicuruzwa birimo nikotine (nk’ingagi cyangwa uduce duto) ku gipimo gito cyane.
Tekereza nawe, itabi ntiriba ririmo nikotine gusa. Hariho izindi nganda nyinshi zangiza kandi zihumanya, nka kanseri, zinjira mu mibiri yacu hamwe n'uwo mwotsi. Ibicuruzwa bya NRT birimo nikotine nkeya gusa. Ntabwo birimo ubwo burozi buteje akaga. Kubwibyo, bigufasha kuvana buhoro buhoro ubusinzi bwa nikotine nta ngaruka z'itabi.
Ariko ibuka ibi. NRT si ubumaji. Ishobora kugabanya ububabare bw'umubiri wawe. Ariko NRT yonyine ntihagije kugira ngo ihagarike ingeso zo mu mutwe, mu byiyumvo no mu mibanire y'abantu zigutera kunywa itabi (urugero, kunywa itabi mu gihe unywa icyayi n'inshuti). Kubwibyo, gukoresha ubundi buryo, nko kugisha inama, hamwe na NRT, ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ubone umusaruro mwiza.
Ni nde ubu buryo bwo kuvura bwa NRT bukwiriye kurusha ubundi?
NRT irasabwa abantu babaswe cyane n'itabi (bafite nikotine ikabije) kandi bashaka kurireka. Nikotine ni ikintu gitera imbaraga kiboneka mu itabi. Iyo unywa itabi igihe kirekire, umubiri wawe n'ubwonko bwawe bimenyera urugero rwa nikotine. Icyo gihe ntushobora kubaho udafite nikotine. Ibi nibyo twita ubusinzi.
Ibi bimenyetso bizagufasha kumenya niba ufite ikibazo gikomeye cyo kunywa itabi.
| Ibiranga | Ibi bivuze iki? |
|---|---|
| Kunywa itabi rirenze ipaki imwe y'itabi ku munsi. | Ibi bigaragaza ko umubiri uhora ukeneye nikotine nyinshi. |
| Kunywa itabi mu minota 5 uhereye igihe ukangukiye mu gitondo. | Umubiri ukeneye cyane gutsinda ibimenyetso byo kureka kunywa nikotine biterwa no kutanywa nikotine ijoro ryose. |
| Kunywa itabi nubwo waba urwaye. | Nubwo hari ububabare mu mubiri, kwishingikiriza kuri nikotine mu mitekerereze no ku mubiri biracyari hejuru cyane. |
| Kubyuka nijoro ukanywa itabi. | Ubusinzi bukabije ku buryo no gusinzira bihagarara iyo urugero rwa nikotine rugabanutse. |
| Kunywa itabi kugira ngo wirinde ibimenyetso byo kurireka. | Iki ni ikimenyetso cyumvikana cy'uko uhora uhagaze mu rugendo rumwe inshuro nyinshi. |
Muri rusange, NRT ni nziza ku bantu bakuru. Ariko, ntikwiriye abagore batwite n'abana bato. Nanone, niba ufite indwara iyo ari yo yose y'umwijima cyangwa impyiko, gukoresha NRT bishobora guteza akaga. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kuvugana na muganga wawe mbere yo gutangira ubu buvuzi no kukugira inama niba bukubereye.
Ubwoko bw'ibicuruzwa bya NRT n'uburyo bwo kubikoresha
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa biri muri sisitemu ya NRT. Bimwe bishobora kugurwa nta nyandiko ya muganga, mu gihe ibindi bisaba inyandiko ya muganga.
Ubwoko bw'ingenzi ni:
- Ishinya rya Nikotine
- Uduti twa Nikotine
- Uduce tw'uruhu rwa Nikotine
- Udukoresho two guhumeka nikotine
- Spray zo mu mazuru za Nikotine
Hari ingingo nyinshi z'ingenzi cyane iyo ukoresha ibi.
- Abaganga bakugira inama yo gutangira NRT ibyumweru bibiri mbere yo kureka kunywa itabi, cyangwa umunsi umwe wabiretse.
- Igipimo cy'itabi rya NRT gitangira kigenwa n'umubare w'itabi wanyweye umunsi ushize.
- Ugomba kugabanya buhoro buhoro ingano ya nikotine ukoresha uko igihe kigenda gihita.
- Bika ibi bicuruzwa ahantu abana bato n'amatungo batagera, kuko nubwo byaba ari bike bishobora gutera uburozi bukomeye bwa nikotine.
Noneho reka turebe uburyo bwo gukoresha buri bwoko muri ubu.
Ishinya rya Nikotine
Ushobora kugura iyi shim igurishwa muri farumasi. Irahekenywa nk'ishim isanzwe, isohora nikotine. Iyo wumvise isharira mu kanwa kawe, ugomba gufata ishim igurishwa hagati y'itama ryawe n'ishim mu gihe cy'iminota 30.
- Ibi bigomba gukoreshwa nibura iminota 15 nyuma yo kunywa ibinyobwa nka ikawa, icyayi, n'ibinyobwa birimo aside nk'amacunga.
- Mu byumweru 6 bya mbere, ushobora gukoresha kimwe buri masaha abiri iyo wumva ushaka kunywa itabi. Nyuma y'ibyo, ugomba kugabanya buhoro buhoro inshuro ukoresha.
- Ntugakoreshe ibirenze kimwe icyarimwe. Teganya guhagarika burundu kuyikoresha nyuma y'ibyumweru 12.
Uduti twa Nikotine
Ibi kandi bishobora gufatwa nta kanwa. Bimeze nk'agapfukamunwa ko mu muhogo. Iyo ubishyize mu kanwa kawe ukabifata hagati y'itama n'ishinya, nikotine irasohoka uko ishonga.
- Mu byumweru 6 bya mbere, ugomba gukoresha kimwe buri masaha abiri, hanyuma ukagabanya ingano ukoresha uko igihe kigenda gihita.
- Si byiza gukoresha ibirenze kimwe icyarimwe.
Uduce twa Nikotine
Ibi kandi bishobora gufatwa nta kirango. Ni nk'icyango. Ugishyira mu gice cy'umubiri wawe gisukuye, cyumye kandi kitagira ubwoya mu gitondo (urugero: ku rutugu, mu gituza cyo hejuru, ku kuboko ko hejuru). Hanyuma, uzaba urimo gufata nikotine nke umunsi wose.
- Ingufu z'agace kakubereye zigenwa n'umubare w'itabi unywa ku munsi.
- Ubusanzwe, agace kamwe gashobora gusigaraho amasaha 16 kugeza kuri 24. Ntabwo ari ngombwa kukavanaho, ndetse no mu gihe woga.
- Ntugashyire ahantu hamwe buri munsi, hindura aho hantu.
Udukoresho two guhumeka nikotine
Kugira ngo ubikoreshe, ukeneye uruhushya rwa muganga. Ifite agasanduku karimo nikotine. Iyo uyihumeka, nikotine ijya inyuma mu muhogo wawe.
- Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, iyi si itabi ry'ikoranabuhanga (e-cigarettes cyangwa vaping). Impumuro ya NRT ni uburyo bwo kuvura bwemewe n'abaganga kandi bufite umutekano.
- Iki si igihe cyiza cyo guhumeka cyane. Ugomba guhumeka buhoro buhoro kandi mu buryo bugufi.
- Ntukarye cyangwa ngo unywe iminota 15 mbere cyangwa mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha.
Spray zo mu mazuru za Nikotine
Ibi kandi bisaba ko muganga aguha imiti. Iyi ni spray yo mu mazuru. Iyo ikoreshejwe mu mazuru yombi, nikotine yinjira mu mubiri mu minota 5-10 kandi ikagabanya vuba ubushake bwo kunywa itabi.
- Ibi bikunze guhabwa abantu bafite ibiyobyabwenge bikomeye. Kubera ko bikora vuba, bifite amahirwe menshi yo kuba imbata.
- Ugomba gukoresha ingano nyayo yatanzwe na muganga wawe. Ntukarenze inshuro ntarengwa ushobora kuyikoresha ku munsi.
- Muri rusange ntibikwiye gukoreshwa ibi mu gihe kirenze amezi atatu.
Ese ubwoko bubiri bw'ibicuruzwa bya NRT bushobora gukoreshwa hamwe?
Yego, hari igihe abaganga babivuga. Ibi bishobora gutuma habaho ibisubizo byiza. Byitwa uburyo bwo kuvura buvanze.
Muri make, bisaba gukoresha ikintu gikora igihe kirekire (nk'agace ka nikotine) gakora umunsi wose, n'ikindi gikora igihe gito (nk'ifuro cyangwa spray) gikoreshwa gusa iyo ubushake bwo kunywa itabi butangiye kugaragara mu buryo butunguranye.
Urugero:
- Agace ka nikotine n'ingagi yo gusya nikotine
- Igikoresho cyo guhumeka nikotine kirimo agace ka nikotine
Ariko iki si ikintu wagakwiye gukora wenyine. Ugomba kubaza muganga wawe uburyo bwo kuvanga neza indwara yawe n'ingano y'imiti wakoresha.
Ibyiza n'ingaruka mbi zishobora guterwa na NRT
Akamaro gakomeye ko gukoresha NRT ni uko byongera amahirwe yo gutsinda mu kureka kunywa itabi ku kigero cya 50% kugeza kuri 70%. Ibi bivuze ko bitanga ubufasha bukomeye.
Kandi kimwe n'indi miti yose, imiti ya NRT ishobora gutera ingaruka mbi kuri bamwe, bityo ni byiza kubimenya mbere yo kuyikoresha.
| Ubwoko bw'igicuruzwa cya NRT | Ingaruka mbi zishobora kubaho |
|---|---|
| Bisanzwe ku bwoko bwose | Isesemi, kuribwa umutwe, umutima utera cyane. |
| Agace ka nikotine | Kuryarya cyangwa gutukura k'uruhu aho agace gashyirwa, ibibazo byo gusinzira, cyangwa inzozi zidasanzwe. |
| Guhekenya shim ya nikotine | Kubabara mu muhogo, ibisebe byo mu kanwa, gucikagurika. |
| Uduti twa nikotine | Uduheri, kurira mu muhogo, inkorora, kubyimba mu gituza. |
| Spray ya nikotine mu mazuru | Kubyimba izuru n'umuhogo, amazuru asohoka, amaso afite amazi, kwitsamura, gukorora (ibi bibaho gusa mu byumweru 1-2 bya mbere bikagenda). |
| Impumuro ya nikotine | Inkorora, kubabara mu kanwa no mu muhogo, izuru riva, kubabara mu nda. |
Uburozi bwa Nikotine - Witondere cyane ibi!
Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye cyane. Gukoresha imiti ya NRT irenze urugero, cyangwa kunywa itabi mu gihe ukoresha NRT, bishobora gutuma urugero rwa nikotine mu mubiri ruzamuka cyane. Ibi byitwa uburozi bwa nikotine cyangwa gukoresha ibirenze urugero. Ibi bishobora kubaho, cyane cyane iyo umwana muto ariye agace gato k'iyi miti.
Niba wowe cyangwa umwana agaragaje ibimenyetso bikurikira, jya kwa muganga mu ishami ryita ku bibazo byihutirwa (ETU).
| Ibimenyetso bibi by'uburozi bwa nikotine | |
|---|---|
| - Kugira isesemi no kuruka | - Guca amacandwe menshi cyane |
| - Kubabara mu gifu | - Kubira ibyuya byinshi |
| - Igipimo cy'umutima kirihuta cyane | - Guhumeka vuba kandi mu buryo bwimbitse |
| - Kudashobora kugenzura umubiri, kugorwa no kugenda | - Guhinda umushyitsi |
| - Kuribwa umutwe no kuzungera | - Indwara zo mu mutwe |
Mu gihe cy’impanuka, ushobora kandi guhamagara Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe gutanga amakuru ku burozi giherereye mu bitaro by’igihugu bya Colombo kugira ngo ugire inama. | |
Bite se niba uburyo bwa NRT butankoraho?
Kureka kunywa itabi si ikintu gishobora gukorwa icyarimwe. Abantu benshi bagomba kugerageza inshuro nyinshi. Niba utabonye ibisubizo wari witeze kuri NRT, si iherezo ry'isi. Ntugahangayike. Vugana na muganga wawe ongera uganire na we. Ashobora kukugira inama yo gukoresha umuti utandukanye wa NRT, urugero rw'umuti, cyangwa uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura.
Uretse NRT, hari n'ibinini bitari nikotine (urugero: varenicline, bupropion) bishobora kugufasha kureka kunywa itabi. Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gufata kimwe muri ibi hamwe na NRT.
Nanone, nk'uko twabivuze mbere, ni ingenzi cyane kureka ubusinzi bwo mu mutwe ndetse n'ubwo ku mubiri. Gahunda z'ubujyanama (gahunda zo guhagarika kunywa itabi) zishobora gufasha cyane muri ibyo. Baza muganga wawe na byo. Icy'ingenzi ni ukudacika intege.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kureka kunywa itabi ni urugendo rutoroshye. Ubuvuzi bwo Gusimbuza Nikotine (NRT) ni uburyo bwemejwe n'abaganga bushobora kugufasha muri urwo rugendo.
- Ibicuruzwa bya NRT birimo nikotine igenzurwa gusa, nta burozi buteye akaga buboneka mu itabi.
- Mbere yo gutangira NRT , banza uganire na muganga hanyuma uhitemo uburyo n'ingano ikubereye.
- Buri gihe shyira ibintu bya NRT ahantu abana n'amatungo batagera . Uburozi bwa nikotine ni bubi cyane.
- NRT si igisubizo cyuzuye. Kugira ngo ugere ku musaruro mwiza, ni ngombwa cyane kubona ubufasha mu by'imitekerereze n'imyitwarire, nko kugirwa inama.
- Ntugacike intege ngo ni uko wananiwe rimwe gusa. Vugana na muganga wawe kandi ukomeze kugerageza kugeza igihe uzabona uburyo bukunogeye.
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