Amabuye yo mu mpyiko ni ikibazo abantu benshi bahura nacyo, rimwe na rimwe atera ububabare bukabije. Amabuye mato akunze kunyura mu nkari nyuma yo kunywa amazi menshi no gufata imiti yatanzwe na muganga. Ariko amwe mu mabuye ni manini cyane. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku kubagwa kwihariye kandi kwagenze neza cyane abaganga basaba iyo badashobora gukurwaho hakoreshejwe ubundi buryo.
Mu magambo make, PCNL ni iki?
Izina ryuzuye rya PCNL ni Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy . Nubwo izina rishobora kumvikana nk'irigoye, ibisobanuro byaryo biroroshye cyane.
- "Percutaneous" bivuze "unyuze mu ruhu."
- "Nephrolithotomy" bivuga "kubaga gukura ibuye mu mpyiko."
Mu magambo make, PCNL ni uburyo bwo gukata gato cyane mu mugongo wawe hanyuma hagakurwamo ibuye rinini mu mpyiko. Bukoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukuraho amabuye manini ataravurwa neza hakoreshejwe ubundi buryo bwo kuvura, nko imiti, shock wave lithotripsy, cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kuvura.
Ese PCNL ni operation ikomeye?
Yego, PCNL ifatwa nk'ukubaga gukomeye. Ariko ntugahangayike. Ntabwo ari nko kubaga mu buryo busanzwe. Kubaga mu buryo busanzwe bisaba gukata igice kinini, bivuze ko bifata igihe kirekire kugira ngo bikire kandi bibabaza cyane.
Ariko PCNL ni ukubaga "gutera indwara nkeya" . Ibyo bivuze ko kubera ko bikorwa binyuze mu gukata gato cyane, ingaruka ku mubiri wawe ntiziba nyinshi, kandi ingorane ni nke, kandi ushobora gukira vuba. Ariko kubera ko ari ukubaga gukomeye, bikorwa n'itsinda ry'abaganga b'inzobere mu bitaro.
Ni nde koko ukeneye ubu bubagwa?
Akenshi, amabuye y'impyiko arasohoka mu nkari. Bitabaye ibyo, muganga azakohereza ubundi buryo bwo kuvura. Kubaga PCNL bikorwa mu bihe bikurikira:
- Iyo ibuye ry'impyiko ari rinini cyane: Ubu buryo busanzwe ni bwiza mu gukuraho amabuye arengeje santimetero 2.
- Iyo ubundi buryo bwo kuvura bunaniwe: Iyo ibuye ridashobora gukurwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuvura nka shock wave lithotripsy cyangwa laser ureteroscopy, busaba kohereza kamera mu muyoboro w'inkari hanyuma igakurwaho ibuye hakoreshejwe laser.
- Niba ibuye riri ahantu hagoye: Niba ibuye riri ahantu hagoye gukuramo imbere mu mpyiko.
Umuganga wawe w’inkari ni we muntu mwiza uzagufataho umwanzuro niba ukeneye kubagwa. Azasuzuma ibizamini byawe bya CT scan n’ibindi bizamini, maze aguhe inama y’uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.
Reka twige intambwe ku yindi uburyo kubagwa bikorwa.
Bizaba byiza cyane kumenya neza ibijyanye n'ubu bwoko bw'ubuvuzi mbere yo kubukorerwa. Reka turebere hamwe uburyo ubu buryo bukora.
1. Ni iki nkwiye gukora mbere yo kubagwa?
Uzakenera kubonana na muganga iminsi mike mbere yo kubagwa. Aho niho:
- Imiterere y'ubuzima bwawe irasuzumwa: ibintu nk'umuvuduko w'amaraso n'umuvuduko w'umutima birapimwa.
- Menya neza imiti yawe: Ugomba kubwira muganga wawe imiti yose ufata, harimo na vitamine n'imiti y'ibimera. Niba ufata imiti igabanya amaraso (urugero: aspirine) , ushobora kureka kuyifata mbere yo kubagwa. Ariko ntugahagarike gufata imiti iyo ari yo yose utabanje kubaza muganga wawe.
- Tubwire ibyerekeye ubwivumbure bwawe: Tubwire niba ufite ubwivumbure ku muti uwo ari wo wose, ibiryo, cyangwa ikindi kintu nk'igishishwa.
- Kwiyiriza ubusa: Uzagirwa inama yo kutarya cyangwa kunywa ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose nyuma ya saa sita z'ijoro mbere y'uko ubagwa. Niba ugomba gufata umuti w'ingenzi, ushobora kuwufata ukoresheje amazi make gusa.
- Ibizamini: Ushobora gusabwa gukora 'CT (computed tomography) scan', 'Ultrasound scan', cyangwa 'X-ray' kugira ngo urebe aho ibuye ry'impyiko riherereye n'ingano yaryo.
2. Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo kubagwa?
Kubaga bikorwa n'itsinda ry'abaganga b'inzobere, inzobere mu gutera ikinya, n'abakozi b'abaforomo.
- Anesthesia: Ubwa mbere, uzashyirwa munsi y'ikinya rusange. Bityo ntuzumva ububabare ubwo uzabagwa, kandi uzaba usinziriye burundu.
- Uburyo bwo kuvura: Akenshi kubagwa bikorwa uryamye ku gifu (aho uhagaze) ku buriri. Ibi bituma byoroha kugera ku mpyiko uturutse inyuma.
- Gukata gato: Inzobere izagukata gato, kangana na santimetero 1, ku mugongo wawe, aho impyiko yawe iri.
- Gushyiramo igikoresho: Binyuze mu gukata, umuyoboro urinda umubiri (agatambaro) winjizwa mu mpyiko. Hanyuma, kamera nto (nephroscope) yinjizwa mu muyoboro hanyuma ibuye riri mu mpyiko rikarebwa ku ifoto.
- Gukuraho ibuye: Iyo ibuye ari rito, rikurwamo hakoreshejwe igikoresho kimwe. Iyo ibuye ari rinini, icyuma cya laser cyangwa igikoresho cyihariye kinyeganyega ``lithotripter`` bikoreshwa mu kumenagura ibuye mo uduce duto no gukuraho utwo duce.
- Gushyiramo umuyoboro: Nyuma yo gukuraho ibuye ryose, umuyoboro muto (umuyoboro w'amazi) cyangwa stent yo mu muyoboro w'inkari (ureteral stent ) bishobora gushyirwa mu ruhago kugira ngo inkari n'amaraso bisohoke mu mpyiko. Ibi bifasha igisebe gukira.
- Gusunika: Amaherezo, agace gato gakorerwa inyuma gafungwa n'uduti.
Iyi gahunda yose ubusanzweBishobora gufata amasaha abiri kugeza kuri ane.
3. Ni iki kibaho nyuma yo kubagwa?
Nyuma yo kubagwa, umuganga w’ikinya azahagarika gutanga ikinya. Uzongera kugarura ubwenge buhoro buhoro mu minota mike.
- Icyumba cyo gutabara: Uzabanza kujyanwa mu cyumba cyo gutabara, aho ubuzima bwawe buzakurikiranirwa hafi.
- Kugabanya ububabare: Ushobora kumva ububabare nyuma yo kongera kugarura ubwenge. Abaforomo bazaguha imiti igabanya ububabare kugira ngo babigufashemo.
- Kuguma mu bitaro: Ubusanzwe ugomba kumara umunsi umwe mu bitaro. Muri icyo gihe, abaganga bazakurikirana gukira kwawe.
- Amaraso mu nkari: Ni ibisanzwe kugira amaraso make mu nkari mu gihe cy'icyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri nyuma yo kubagwa. Ntugahangayike.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka mbi zo kubagwa PCNL?
Nk’uko bigenda ku buvuzi bwose, ubu buryo bufite ibyiza n’ingaruka nto.
Ibyiza:
- Ubushobozi bwo gukuraho hafi burundu amabuye manini y'impyiko adashobora gukurwaho n'ubundi buryo.
- Ubu ni uburyo bwo kubaga bufite igipimo cyo gutsinda kiri hagati ya 75% - 98%.
- Icamo ni rito ugereranyije no kubagwa mu buryo bwihuse, bityo igikomere gikira vuba.
- Igihe cyo kumara mu bitaro ni gito.
Ingaruka:
Nubwo ibi bibaho gake cyane, ni ngombwa kubyitondera.
- Ingaruka zijyanye no gusinziriza.
- Kwandura aho bakorewe.
- Kuva amaraso menshi cyane.
- Kurema kw'amaraso `(hematoma)`.
- Kwangirika kw'impyiko.
- Hari igihe bidashoboka gukuraho ibuye ryose.
- Indwara ikomeye yo mu nzira y'inkari (Sepsis).
Muganga wawe azagusobanurira neza izi ngaruka. Wibuke ko izi ari ibintu bidakunze kubaho.
Bizatwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire? Ni izihe ngamba zo kwirinda zigomba gufatwa mu rugo?
Ubusanzwe bifata ibyumweru bibiri kugeza kuri bine kugira ngo umubiri wawe ukire neza. Ni ingenzi cyane ko umubiri wawe uruhuka muri iki gihe.
- Irinde guterura ibiremereye: Ntugaterure ikintu kiremereye kurusha litiro imwe y'amata (hafi ibiro 4) mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bibiri .
- Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Irinde gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri igoye igihe gito.
- Gusubira ku kazi: Niba ufite akazi ko mu biro, ushobora gusubira ku kazi mu cyumweru kimwe. Ariko, niba akazi kawe gasaba imyitozo ngororamubiri, ni byiza gufata nibura ibyumweru bibiri by'ikiruhuko.
Iyo ukeneye kubonana na muganga vuba bishoboka!
Niba ugize ibimenyetso bidasanzwe nyuma yo kubagwa, ntukabirengagize. Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ujye mu bitaro bikuru by’ubutabazi bwihuse (ETU) by’ibitaro biri hafi yawe.
| Ikintu cyo kwitaho | Ibisobanuro n'icyo gukora |
|---|---|
| Kuva amaraso menshi | Niba aho babazwe hava amaraso kenshi cyangwa igitambaro cyuzuye amaraso. |
| Amaraso menshi cyangwa amaraso apfunditse mu nkari | Iyo inkari zirimo umutuku wijimye aho kuba umutuku wijimye cyangwa niba amaraso afite ibibyimba bisa n'isosi y'inyanya. |
| Umuriro n'ubukonje | Niba ubushyuhe bw'umubiri wawe buri kuri dogere selisiyusi 38 cyangwa hejuru, kandi ukaba wumva urimo guhinda umushyitsi, ibi bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ubwandu. |
| Ububabare budashobora kwihanganira | Niba ufite ububabare bukabije budashobora gukemurwa nubwo waba ufite imiti igabanya ububabare. |
Menya neza ko wongeye kubonana na muganga wawe nyuma y'ibyumweru bine kugeza kuri bitandatu kugira ngo agusuzume.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- PCNL ni uburyo bwiza cyane bwo kubaga kandi bwizewe bukuraho amabuye manini y'impyiko adashobora gukurwaho n'ubundi buryo bwo kuvura.
- Nubwo iki ari igikorwa gikomeye cyo kubaga, gikorerwa mu gukata gato, bityo ushobora gukira vuba.
- Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe witonze mbere yo kubagwa. Mubwire imiti yose ufata.
- Kuruhuka ni ingenzi cyane nyuma yo kubagwa. Irinde guterura ibintu biremereye no gukora imirimo ivunanye igihe gito.
- Niba ugize ibimenyetso bidasanzwe nko kugira umuriro, kuva amaraso menshi, cyangwa ububabare bukabije, shaka ubufasha kwa muganga byihutirwa.
- Niba ufite ibindi bibazo kuri ibi, ntutindiganye kuvugana na muganga wawe. Azaguha ibisubizo bisobanutse neza ku bibazo byawe byose.
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