Ese wigeze ubona ikintu cy'umuhengeri cyangwa uduce duto duto tugaragara ku ruhu rwawe, cyane cyane ku maboko cyangwa ku maguru, utanabikozeho? Hari igihe ibi bisa n'ibikomere, ariko mu by'ukuri bishobora kuba ikindi kintu. Mu buvuzi, iyi ndwara tuyita purpura. Ntugahangayike, iyi si indwara, ahubwo ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indi ndwara yihishe inyuma. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri byose mu buryo bworoshye.
Mu by'ukuri Purpura ni iki?
Muri make, purpura ni indwara aho imitsi mito y'amaraso iri munsi y'uruhu rwacu iva amaraso, bigatera uduheri ku ruhu. Ibi bishobora kugaragara ku ruhu rwawe cyangwa ku mitsi nk'umunwa no mu muhogo.
Isura y'ibi bibara iratandukanye bitewe n'uruhu rwawe.
- Ku muntu ufite uruhu rwera: Ibi bisa n'ibara ry'umutuku n'umuhengeri.
- Ku muntu ufite uruhu rwerurutse: Ibi bishobora kuba umukara cyangwa umukara.
Icy'ingenzi ni uko purpura atari indwara, ahubwo ni ikimenyetso cy'indi ndwara. Iyi ndwara ishobora guterwa n'imiti imwe n'imwe, kubura vitamine, cyangwa se indwara zimwe na zimwe zivukanwa. Kubwibyo, niba bene ibyo byago bigaragara nta mpamvu igaragara, ni byiza kubimenyesha muganga.
Ese hari itandukaniro riri hagati y'ubu bwoko bw'ibice?
Yego, ibi byatsi biterwa no kuva amaraso munsi y'uruhu byitwa amazina atatu bitewe n'ingano yabyo. Ni ingenzi cyane ko ubimenya.
| Izina ry'aho hantu | Ingano | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|---|
| Petechiae | Munsi ya mm 4 | Utu duce, mu buryo busobanutse neza, ni utudomo duto cyane, nk'akadomo gakozwe n'umutwe w'ikaramu. Akenshi, utu duce duhurira hamwe, bityo bamwe bakatwitiranya n'uduheri. |
| Purpura | Hagati ya milimetero 4 na 10 (munsi ya santimetero 1) | Ubu ni bwo bwoko bw'imfuru tuvuga. Izi ni nini gato kurusha petechiae. |
| Ecchymoses | Birenze santimetero imwe | Izi ni zo dukunze kwita "imihanda ya thale ." Izi ni nini cyane. |
Igitangaje kuri ibi bitonyanga ni uko iyo ubikandagiyeho n'urutoki rwawe, ntibihindura ibara (ntibihinduke). Ibyihebe bisanzwe bihinduka ibara ry'umukara iyo ubikandagiyeho bikongera bigahinduka umutuku iyo ubikozeho.
Ni izihe mpamvu nyamukuru zitera purpura?
Impamvu ya purpura iterwa n'ubwoko bwayo. Igabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri. Ubwa mbere hashingiwe ku mubare w'udupira tw'amaraso mu maraso yacu. Udupira tw'amaraso ni uturemangingo duto dufasha guhagarika kuva no gukora ibice by'amaraso iyo tuvuye amaraso.
1. Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Iki ni cyo gihe umubare wa platelets mu maraso ugabanuka.
2. Purpura idatera thrombocytopenic: Nubwo umubare wa platelet ari usanzwe, amaraso ava mu mitsi y'amaraso kubera indi mpamvu.
Reka turebe neza izo mpamvu mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo.
| Impamvu za Purpura | |
|---|---|
| 1. Bitewe n'urugero ruto rw'imitsi ikoreshwa mu gupima plaquette (Thrombocytopenic Purpura) | |
| |
| 2. Impamvu zitera urugero rusanzwe rwa platelet (Non-thrombocytopenic Purpura) | |
|
Icy'ingenzi: Purpura ishobora kandi kuba ingaruka zikomeye ku bintu bigabanya amaraso nka heparin na warfarin, cyangwa mu bihe bikomeye cyane ariko bidasanzwe nka DIC (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation). Ibi ni ibihe bisaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa.
Ni gute umuganga asuzuma iyi ndwara?
Iyo ugiye kwa muganga ufite imbeba nk'iyi, ikintu cya mbere azakora ni ugusuzuma uruhu rwawe neza. Hanyuma, bazabaza amateka yawe yose y'uburwayi n'imiti ufata.
Kugira ngo amenye impamvu nyayo ya purpura, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ko upimwa bimwe mu bipimo.
- Umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (CBC): Ibi ahanini bigenzura umubare wa platelets mu maraso yawe. Kumenya niba platelets zawe ziri hasi cyangwa zitari zo bishobora gufasha kumenya impamvu.
- Isuzuma ry'uruhu: Hari igihe, niba umubare w'udupira tw'amaraso ari mwiza, agace gato k'uruhu gashobora gufatwa kagapimwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari indwara yitwa vasculitis.
Ibi bizamini bikoreshwa mu kumenya indwara nyayo itera purpura.
Ivurwa ite?
Wibuke ko uburyo bwo kuvura atari ubwa purpura, ahubwo ni ubwa mvune yabuteye. Hari igihe, cyane cyane ku bana, ubwo buryo bushira nta muti.
Iyo impamvu imaze kumenyekana, muganga ashobora gukora ibi bikurikira:
- Niba ufata umuti utera purpura, hindura cyangwa uhagarike.
- Kuvura indwara runaka (urugero: indwara yandujwe, indwara y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri).
- Niba umubare w'imitsi iri hasi cyane, tanga umuti wo kongera umubare wayo.
Bumwe mu buryo bwo kuvura bukoreshwa mu kongera umubare w’udukoko two mu maraso ni:
- Corticosteroids: Imiti ihagarika kwangirika kwa platelets.
- Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya IVIG (Intravenous Immunoglobulin): Ubu buryo bwo kuvura, butangwa binyuze mu mitsi, bwongera vuba urugero rw'udukoko twa platelet.
- Imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Urugero, imiti nka Rituximab.
- Gutera amaraso: Gutanga plaquettes ku mubiri uhereye hanze, nibiba ngombwa.
- Kubaga splenectomy: Hari ubwo urwagashya, rugira uruhare runini mu kwangirika kw'udukoko, rubagwa.
Niba ubonye ubwoko nk'ubu bw'ibizinga, ibisebe, cyangwa ibisebe ku ruhu rwawe nta mpamvu igaragara, ntubyirengagize. Byanze bikunze jya kwa muganga wawe. Kuko rimwe na rimwe ibi ntacyo bitwaye, ariko mu bindi bihe bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere cy'indwara ishobora kuguhitana. Kubwibyo, ikintu cyiza ni ukugisha inama kwa muganga.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Purpura ni ikizinga cy'umuhengeri, umutuku, cyangwa umukara giterwa n'amaraso ava mu mitsi mito iri munsi y'uruhu.
- Iyi si indwara, ahubwo ni ikimenyetso cy'indi ndwara isanzwe.
- Ibi bishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe ingano yabyo nka petechiae (ntoya cyane), purpura (yo hagati), na ecchymosis (ibikomere/binini cyane).
- Impamvu zirimo umubare muto w’udupira duto (platelets), imiti, indwara zandura, n’intege nke z’imitsi y’amaraso.
- Niba ubonye ubwoko bw'ibisebe bidafite ibisebe, ntubyirengagize. Shaka inama kwa muganga nta kabuza.
- Ubuvuzi ntibukemura ibibazo byatewe n'ibyo bisebe, ahubwo bukemura ikibazo cyabiteye.
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