Reka twige kuri Radiopharmaceuticals mu buryo bworoshye. Ibi bizaba ingenzi cyane kuri wewe!

Ushobora kugira ubwoba gato iyo wumvise ijambo "radiopharmaceuticals," si byo se? Ijambo "radioactive" rihita rikwibutsa ikintu giteje akaga, ariko iyo rikoreshejwe neza mu buvuzi, rishobora kugufasha cyane. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku byo ari byo, uko bikora, n'uburyo bikurinda umutekano.

Iyi miti ikoreshwa mu gupima imirasire ni iyihe? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye!

Mu magambo make, iyi miti `(Radiopharmaceuticals)` nayo ni ubwoko bwihariye bw'umuti . Ariko ifite agace gato k'imirasire, ni ukuvuga ko ifite imirasire. Ntugahangayike, iyi ni imirasire igenzurwa kandi yizewe. Abaganga bacu, ni ukuvuga abaganga n'abandi batanga serivisi z'ubuzima, bakoresha iyi miti mu gupima ubuvuzi bwa kirimbuzi no kuvura indwara zimwe na zimwe, cyane cyane kanseri .

Tekereza nawe, iyo bashaka kureba niba hari ikibazo kiri mu mubiri wawe, hari igihe abaganga baguha umuti muto wo kunywa cyangwa guterwa urushinge mbere yo gupimwa? Ibi ni ibintu nk'ibyo. Iyi miti yihariye ikorwa kandi igatangwa n'abantu bahuguwe by'umwihariko bitwa abahanga mu by'imiti ya nucleaire . Hanyuma , abahanga mu by'imiti ya radiyo n'abahanga mu by'ikoranabuhanga rya radiyo (RTs) bayikoresha mu gukora ibizamini byo gusuzuma indwara. Hari igihe abaganga b'inzobere mu by'imiti ya radiyo na bo batanga iyi miti nk'uburyo bwo kuvura.

Iyi miti ikoreshwa mu gutanga imiti ikoresha radiyo ikoreshwa iki?

Iyi miti ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bice bibiri. Reka turebe icyo ari cyo.

1. Imiti ivura indwara ya Radiopharmaceuticals

Imiti ikoreshwa mu gupima ubuvuzi bwa kirimbuzi ikunze gukoreshwa mu gupima ubuvuzi bwa kirimbuzi . Ibi tubyita "imiti ikoreshwa mu gupima ubuvuzi bwa kirimbuzi." Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika honyine, bivugwa ko amamiliyoni y'ibi bizamini by'imiti ikoreshwa mu gupima ubuvuzi bwa kirimbuzi bikorwa buri mwaka. Bityo ushobora kwiyumvisha uburyo bikoreshwa cyane.

Ibi bizamini bishobora kugenzura niba ingingo n'imitsi biri mu mubiri wawe bikora neza . Ibi bikorwa gutya:

Uhabwa ingano nto cyane y'uyu muti ukoresha imirasire kugira ngo unywe, uhumeke, cyangwa utere. Hari igihe witwa radiotracers . Ingano y'umuti ukoresha imirasire ntabwo izagutwara nabi. Ni ingano nto cyane. Uyu muti ujya ahantu hari ikibazo mu mubiri wawe ukawukusanya. Hanyuma, kamera ifite ubushobozi bwo kumva imirasire mu mubiri wawe, nka kamera ya gamma, imenya imirasire mu mubiri wawe hanyuma igashushanya amashusho muganga ashobora kubona.

Tekereza, uyu muti ni nk'umupolisi w'iperereza winjiye mu mubiri, agashaka aho ikibazo kiri akatwereka ati "Aha niho ikibazo kiri."

Dore ingero zimwe na zimwe z'uburyo imiti ikoreshwa mu gusuzuma indwara hakoreshejwe radiopharmaceuticals:

• Fluorine-18: Iyi ni radiotracer ikunze gukoreshwa mu gupima PET (Positron Emission Tomography scans).
• Technetium 99m: Iki ni cyo kintu gikoreshwa cyane mu buvuzi bwa kirimbuzi. Kikoreshwa mu gusuzuma amagufwa, imikorere y'umwijima n'imikorere y'impyiko.
• Xenon-133: Uyu ni umuti ukoresha imirasire uhumeka. Utangwa kugira ngo urebe imikorere y'ibihaha (gupima imikorere y'ibihaha).
• Rubidium-82: Uyu ni umuti uhabwa mu mitsi (IV). Ukoreshwa mu kureba imiterere y'imitsi y'umutima (imaging myocardial).

2. Imiti ivura indwara zo mu bwoko bwa Radiopharmaceuticals

Noneho reka tuvuge uburyo iyi miti ikoreshwa mu kuvura. Iyi itandukanye gato n'ikoreshwa mu gusuzuma indwara. Imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura iratanga imirasire ikomeye cyane kandi yica uturemangingo . Ibi bikorwa mu kwica uturemangingo tutameze neza, cyane cyane uturemangingo twa kanseri .

Iyi miti ni nk' "abahiga abantu benshi." Ni ukuvuga ko isanga uturemangingo twa kanseri hanyuma igatanga ubuvuzi bw'imirasire kuri utwo turemangingo . Ibi bitandukanye n'ubuvuzi bw'imirasire yo hanze , bukoresha imashini yohereza imirasire yo hanze y'umubiri wawe. Ariko iyi miti ivura ikora neza igamije kwibasira uwo igamije.

Uru rwego, ikoreshwa ry'imiti ikoresha imirasire mu kuvura, ni rushya cyane. Abashakashatsi baracyashakisha uburyo bushya bwo kuyikoresha. Bemeza ko imiti ikoresha imirasire ivura izagira uruhare runini mu kuvura kanseri mu gihe kizaza.

Ni iyihe miti ikoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri hakoreshejwe radiopharmaceuticals?

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa "Radiopharmaceuticals" abaganga bakoresha mu kuvura kanseri. Urugero:

• PLUVICTO® (lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan): Uyu ni umuti wemewe n'Ikigo gishinzwe ibiribwa n'imiti muri Amerika (FDA). Ukoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri ya prostate (kanseri ya prostate irwanya castration ya PSMA-positive metastatic - PSMA-positive mCRPC).
• Lutathera ™ `(Lutathera ™ - Lutetium Lu 177 dotatate)`:Uyu kandi ni umuti wemewe na FDA. Ukoreshwa mu kuvura kanseri zimwe na zimwe zo mu mara (utubyimba twa somatostatin receptor-positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors) zibaho mu gifu, mu mara no mu icuraburindi.
• Iyode-131: Ubu ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura iyode hakoreshejwe imirasire. Ishobora kuvura kanseri zimwe na zimwe za tiroyide ndetse n'izindi ndwara za Graves, izwi kandi nka hyperthyroidism.
• Radium-223: Iyi ni ingirakamaro cyane mu kuvura ibibyimba by'amagufwa bibaho iyo kanseri ya prostate ikwirakwira (ikwirakwira) mu magufwa. Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya indwara zanduza indwara muri Amerika (FDA) cyemeje iyi gahunda ya Radium-223 dichloride (Xofigo™).

Byongeye kandi, ubundi bwoko bwinshi bw'ubuvuzi bwa radiyo-farmaceutical buri mu igeragezwa ry'ubuvuzi ku bundi bwoko bwa kanseri.

Ni iyihe miti ikoreshwa cyane mu gupima imirasire (radiopharmaceuticals)?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, Technetium-99m ni imiti ikoreshwa n'abaganga cyane cyane mu gupima indwara. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gupima indwara. Ifasha "kubona" ​​ibi bikurikira:

• Gutembera kw'amaraso mu bihaha byawe (pulmonary perfusion).
• Uburyo amaraso atembera mu mitsi yawe (gusohora amaraso mu mitsi).
• Amagufwa.
• Imitsi y'umutima.
• Udukoko two mu maraso.
• Indwara ya tiroyide.

Izindi miti ikoreshwa cyane mu gupima imiterere y'umubiri ni izi:

• ¹⁸F Fluorodeoxyglucose `(¹⁸F Fluorodeoxyglucose - FDG)`
• Gallium-68 DOTATATE
• Gallium-68 PSMA `(Gallium-68 PSMA)`
• ¹⁸F PSMA `(¹⁸F PSMA)`
• Iyode 123 `(Iyode 123)`

None se koko iyi miti ikoresha radiyo itekanye?

Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bibaza. Iyo gikoreshejwe kandi kigacungwa neza, imiti ivura indwara za radiyo iba ifite umutekano. Inzobere mu by'imirasire cyangwa kanseri y'imirasire izakorana n'umufarumasiye w'imiti ivura indwara za kirimbuzi kugira ngo barebe neza ko ingano y'imiti ivura indwara za radiyo uhawe ari nziza kandi ifite umutekano . Nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayikishwa na cyo.

Kimwe n'indi miti yose, ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire bushobora gutera ingaruka zimwe na zimwe . Ariko, inyungu z'umuti akenshi ziba nyinshi kuruta ingaruka. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira izi ngaruka zishobora kubaho mbere yuko utangira kuvurwa.

Nubwo imiti ikoresha imirasire y'amashanyarazi imaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ikoreshwa mu gufata amashusho y'imiti ya kirimbuzi, ni bwo yatangiye gukoreshwa vuba aha mu kuvura kanseri. Abashakashatsi baracyari kwiga uburyo iyi miti ikoresha imirasire yibasira kandi ikica uturemangingo twa kanseri. Niba ushishikajwe no kumenya igeragezwa ry’imiti ikoresha imirasire y'amashanyarazi mu kuvura kanseri, vugana na muganga wawe. Bishimiye kugufasha.

Amaherezo, ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka

Noneho rero, ukurikije ibyo twavuze, ibi ni byo bintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka:

• Imiti ikoresha imirasire ni ubwoko bwihariye bw'umuti ufite uburyo bwo kugenzura ibikorwa byayo .
• Ibi bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gupima indwara (urugero: gupima PET, gupima amagufwa) no kuvura indwara zimwe na zimwe, cyane cyane kanseri .
• Mu gusuzuma indwara, izi zikora nka "Radiotracers", "zerekana" ibice by'umubiri aho ibibazo biri.
• Mu kuvura, ibi bifasha kwibasira no gusenya uturemangingo twa kanseri .
• Iyi miti ni myiza iyo itanzwe ikurikiranwe neza na muganga . Kimwe n'indi miti yose, hashobora kubaho ingaruka mbi nto, ariko inyungu zikunze kurenga izo.
• Uru rwego, cyane cyane mu kuvura kanseri, ruracyari gutera imbere , kandi hari byinshi biteganijwe mu gihe kizaza.

Rero, ubutaha uzumva ibya ``(Radiopharmaceutical)'', ubu usobanukiwe neza icyo ari cyo n'icyo ikoreshwa, sibyo? Niba ufite ibindi bibazo, ntugatinye kubaza muganga wawe.

` Imiti ivura kanseri, Ubuvuzi bwa kirimbuzi, Ubuvuzi bwa kanseri, Ibikoresho byo gupima, Ubuvuzi bw'imirasire, Gusuzuma