Iyo twumvise ijambo 'cholesterol', abenshi muri twe turacika intege gato, si byo se? Cyane cyane iyo muganga avuze ati: "Cholesteroli mbi yawe, ni ukuvuga urugero rwa LDL, iri hejuru gato," dutinya gato. Ibyo turya n'ibyo tunywa, twaba dukora siporo cyangwa tutabikora, ndetse rimwe na rimwe ibintu bigize imiterere y'umubiri nabyo bigira ingaruka kuri ibi. Bityo, hafi ya twese twumvise ibinini byo mu bwoko bwa 'statin' bitangwa kugira ngo bigenzure cholesterol. Ariko kuri bamwe, iyi miti yonyine ntabwo ihagije, cyangwa ntishobora gukoreshwa. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga ku bwoko bushya bw'umuti buteye imbere gato bukoreshwa muri bene ibyo bihe. Uwo ni Repatha.
Repatha ni iki? Ni gute igabanya cholesterol?
Muri make, Repatha ni urushinge rugabanya urugero rwa cholesterol "mbi", cyangwa LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) mu mibiri yacu. Iki si ikinini dusanzwe dufata, ahubwo ni urushinge ruterwa munsi y'uruhu.
Noneho reba uko ibi bikora, biratangaje. Tekereza ko umwijima wacu ari wo yungurura ukuraho cholesterol mbi mu maraso. Ariko umubiri wacu ufite na poroteyine yitwa PCSK9 (Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexin type 9) . Ibi ni nk'umuntu ugabanya ubushobozi bw'iyo yungurura, akayibangamira. Iyo poroteyine ya PCSK9 yiyongera, ubushobozi bw'umwijima bwo gukura LDL mu maraso buragabanuka.
Icyo Repatha ikora ni ukubuza imikorere ya poroteyine ya PCSK9 'ibangamira' . Iyo ihagaritswe, akayunguruzo k'umwijima gashobora kongera gukora neza nta mvururu, gafata kandi kagakuramo cholesterol mbi (LDL) mu maraso. Urabyumva? Ibi bivuze ko uyu muti ufasha umubiri wacu gukora ibintu karemano bigenzura cholesterol.
Uyu muti wa Repatha uterwa inkunga na nde?
Uyu muti si uwa buri wese. Muganga azawutanga inama gusa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.
- Ku bantu bakuru bafite indwara z'umutima: Uyu muti ukoreshwa mu kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, gucika imitsi, cyangwa izindi ndwara z'umutima. Ubusanzwe utangwa hamwe n'indi miti ya cholesterol, nka statins.
- Ku bantu bafite cholesterol nyinshi barazwe mu buryo bwa genetiki: Hari abantu bagira cholesterol nyinshi cyane bitewe n'imiterere y'uturemangingo ihererekanywa kuva ku gisekuru kugeza ku kindi. Izi ndwara zitwa Heterozygous Familyal Hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) na Homozygous Familyal Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) . Repatha irasabwa abantu bakuru n'abana barengeje imyaka 10 bafite iyi ndwara kugira ngo bagenzure urugero rwa LDL.
Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, ni ngombwa gukurikiza indyo yuzuye no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mu gihe ukoresha uyu muti.Repatha si ubumaji, ni kimwe mu bice bigize gahunda yo kuvura.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka z'uyu muti?
Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe kuri Repatha bwagaragaje ibisubizo byiza. Ubu bushakashatsi bwagereranije Repatha n'umuti wa placebo (umuti w'impimbano) ndetse n'indi miti ya cholesterol, nka statins.
Reka tubisobanure neza dukoresheje imbonerahamwe iri hepfo.
| Uyu muti ugirwa inama na nde? | Ibyiza by'ingenzi byagaragajwe n'ibizamini |
|---|---|
| Abantu bakuru basanzwe bafite indwara z'umutima (hamwe n'indi miti nka statins) | Bigabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, gucika imitsi, ndetse n'urupfu rukomoka ku ndwara z'umutima. |
| Abantu bakuru n'abana barengeje imyaka 10 bafite cholesterol nyinshi bitewe n'impamvu za genetiki | Bigabanya cyane kandi byihuse urugero rwa cholesterol "mbi" (LDL) mu maraso. |
Wamenya ute niba umuti ukora?
Muganga wawe azagutegeka gupima amaraso (ibipimo by'imirire y'amaraso) mu bihe bitandukanye. Nyuma yo gutangira Repatha, ushobora kubona igabanuka rikomeye ry'umusemburo wa cholesterol ya LDL mu byumweru 12 gusa .
Reka kandi twige ku ikoreshwa rya Repatha n'ingaruka mbi.
Ibi wabikoresha ute?
Repatha iza nk'urushinge rwuzuye mbere cyangwa ikaramu yo guteramo inshinge. Iterwa munsi y'uruhu buri byumweru bibiri cyangwa rimwe mu kwezi, bitewe n'ingano yagenewe.
Icy'ingenzi kurushaho: Ni ngombwa cyane kubanza kwiga uburyo nyabwo bwo kubikoresha kwa muganga wawe. Mbere yo kubikoresha bwa mbere, saba umwerekane neza uko bikorwa.
Ingaruka mbi ni izihe?
Kimwe n'indi miti yose, Repatha ishobora gutera ingaruka mbi nto, nubwo atari buri wese uzibona.
| Ingaruka zisanzwe | Inama zo kwirinda cyangwa gucunga |
|---|---|
| Ugutukura, ububabare, n'ibisebe aho umuntu yatewe urushinge. | - Buri gihe zunguruka aho watewe inshinge (urugero, uruhande rumwe rw'inda, ubutaha urundi ruhande). - Kura urukingo muri firigo, ureke rugumeho iminota 30-45 , hanyuma urutere nyuma yuko rugeze ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba. |
| Ibimenyetso bisa n'ibicurane (umuriro, ububabare bw'umubiri). | Ibi akenshi biba iby'igihe gito. Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, vugana na muganga wawe. |
| Kubabara umugongo, isukari nyinshi mu maraso. | Bwira muganga wawe niba hari ingaruka mbi zikubangamiye cyangwa zikomeje. |
Ingingo zo kwitaho by'umwihariko:
- Allergie ya Latex: Inshinge zimwe na zimwe zishobora kuba zirimo latex mu gitambaro cyazo. Niba ufite allergie ya latex, menya neza ko wabibwiye muganga wawe.
- Gutwita no konsa: Niba utwite, ugerageza gutwita, cyangwa wonsa, ni ngombwa kubibwira muganga wawe mbere yo gukoresha uyu muti, kuko nta makuru ahagije ku mutekano wawo muri ibi bihe.
Uyu muti nawubona nte?
Uyu si umuti ushobora kugura muri farumasi. Urasabwa guhabwa imiti na muganga.
Ubusanzwe, umuganga w’ibanze cyangwa umuganga w’umutima ni we uzafata icyemezo niba ukeneye uyu muti kandi akagusaba kuwutanga. Bitewe n’inama za muganga, ushobora kuwuhabwa muri farumasi zihariye cyangwa wenda binyuze muri farumasi yo mu gace utuyemo.
Ntugatangire, ntugahagarike, cyangwa ngo uhindure ingano y'umuti uwo ari wo wose utabanje kugisha inama muganga. Buri gihe banza uganire na muganga wawe mbere yo gufata icyemezo icyo ari cyo cyose.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Repatha ni urushinge rwo munsi y'umubiri rugabanya urugero rwa cholesterol nyinshi ya LDL ("mbi").
- Ibi ni byiza cyane cyane ku bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara z'umutima n'abafite ibibazo bya cholesterol mu maraso.
- Ihagarika poroteyine yitwa PCSK9, ifasha umwijima gukura cholesterol ya LDL mu maraso.
- Ibi biboneka gusa iyo muganga aguhaye imiti. Ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe.
- Ingaruka mbi nko gutukura no kugaragaza ibimenyetso nk'ibicurane aho umuntu yatewe inshinge zishobora kubaho, kandi ugomba kubimenyesha muganga wawe.
- Umusaruro mwiza ushobora kuboneka hakoreshejwe Repatha hamwe n'ubuzima bwiza.
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Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.