Ni iki kiba ku bwonko iyo ukubita umutwe wawe - Reka twige ku ihungabana ry'ubwonko (TBI)!

Ese wigeze wibaza uko bigenda ku bwonko bwawe iyo ukubise umutwe wawe cyane, cyangwa iyo ikintu kigukubise umutwe? Hari igihe ibintu nk'ibi bishobora kuba bikomeye kurusha uko ubitekereza. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri ubu bwoko bw'imvune yo mu mutwe, indwara yitwa Injury yo mu bwonko iterwa n'ihungabana (TBI) . Iyi ni indwara ikomeye iterwa n'uburwayi igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwonko bwacu.

Mu by'ukuri, uburwayi bwo mu bwonko buterwa n'ihungabana (TBI) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, imvune yo mu bwonko iterwa n’ihungabana ry’ubwonko (TBI) ni ukwangirika k’ubwonko guterwa no gukubitwa bikomeye ku mutwe, gutigita, cyangwa ikintu cyinjira mu gahanga kikinjira mu bwonko. Tekereza muri ubu buryo: nk’uko igiti cy’umuhondo gikoroka kiva ku rutare rurerure maze amazi arimo akarekurwa, ubwonko bwacu nabwo buri mu gahanga, bityo iyo ukubise umutwe wawe cyane, ubwonko bushobora gukubita imbere mu gahanga. Cyangwa, niba ikintu gityaye kigukubise ku mutwe, gishobora kwinjira mu gahanga kikangiza ubwonko.

Iyi ndwara, yitwa TBI, ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zitera impfu n'ubumuga bw'igihe kirekire mu bihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Ishobora gutera ibibazo by'ubuzima by'igihe gito n'iby'igihe kirekire. Ibyo bivuze ko ishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwose. Ariko inkuru nziza ni uko hari uburyo bwo kuyivura. Ikirenzeho, hari uburyo bwo gukumira ubwo bwoko bw'impanuka.

Dukunze kumva inkuru z'imvune zo mu mutwe nk'izi muri Sri Lanka, si byo se? Gugwa ku igare, kugonga umutwe uri gukina siporo, impanuka z'imodoka ... ibi byose bishobora gutera indwara ya TBI. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kubimenya.

Indwara ya TBI ikunze kugaragara gute?

Mu by’ukuri iyi ni indwara ikunze kugaragara kurusha uko wabitekereza. Urugero, muri 2020, abantu barenga 214.000 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika honyine bari mu bitaro bazira indwara ya TBI. Kandi abantu barenga 69.000 bapfuye bazize indwara ya TBI. Rero iki si ikintu cyo gufata nk'ikintu cyoroshye.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibikomere byo mu bwonko bikomeretsa umutima (TBI)?

Abaganga bagabanya izi ndwara zo mu mutwe (TBI) mu moko abiri y'ingenzi:

1. Kwinjira mu gituntu cy'umubiri: Ibi bibaho iyo ikintu gityaye (nk'isasu, icyuma, cyangwa igice cy'icyuma) cyinjiye mu gahanga kawe kikangiza ingirangingo z'ubwonko. Hari igihe abaganga babyita "TBI ifunguye".

2. Indwara idacengera/Itera Ubusa: Ibi bibaho iyo umutwe wawe ukubiswe cyane, bigatuma ubwonko bugenda cyangwa buzunguruka imbere mu gahanga. Abaganga kandi babyita "Indwara yo mu mutwe ifunze" cyangwa "Indwara yo mu mutwe idacengeye". Ibi bishobora kubaho mu mpanuka y'imodoka, kugwa, gukubitwa ku mutwe, guturika, cyangwa gukubitwa ku mutwe mu gihe ukina siporo.

Byongeye kandi, abaganga banashyira indwara za TBI mu byiciro byoroheje, biri hagati, kandi bikomeye .

• TBI yoroheje:Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane, bugizwe n'ibirenga 75% by'indwara zose za TBI. Hari igihe abaganga bita iyi TBI yoroheje ko ari indwara yo mu mutwe . Ariko, nubwo ari yo yoroheje, ishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye kandi by'igihe kirekire. Umuntu ufite TBI yoroheje ashobora kugorwa no gusubira mu mirimo ya buri munsi, nko kujya ku kazi.
• TBI iri hagati n'ikomeye: Izi ndwara zombi zikunze gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima by'igihe kirekire.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara ya TBI?

Iyo ufite TBI, bivuze ko umutwe wawe wakubiswe ahantu runaka kandi ubwonko bwawe bwimuwe cyangwa bugahinduka mu gahanga kawe. Iyo ibi bibaye, ubwonko bwawe bushobora kwangirika kandi imiyoboro y'amaraso mu bwonko bwawe ishobora gukomereka. TBI itera impinduka mu bwonko bwawe, bigatuma uturemangingo tw'ubwonko duhagarara gukora neza.

Ibimenyetso bya TBI biratandukanye bitewe n'uko ari byoroshye, biri hagati, cyangwa bikomeye. Ariko, TBI iyo ari yo yose ishobora gutera ibimenyetso. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo ibibazo by'umubiri, kugorwa no gutekereza no kwibuka, ndetse n'ibibazo by'imibanire cyangwa amarangamutima. Abantu bakuru n'abana bafite ibimenyetso bisa. Ariko, iyo umwana muto afite TBI, ashobora kugira ibimenyetso nko kugorwa no kurya cyangwa konsa, cyangwa akarira cyane uko yahumurizwa kose.

Ibimenyetso bya TBI yoroheje

Ibimenyetso bya TBI yoroheje biratandukanye. Bishobora kugaragara ako kanya nyuma y'imvune, nyuma y'iminsi mike, cyangwa nyuma y'icyumweru. Ushobora kutabona isano iri hagati y'imvune yo mu mutwe n'ububabare wumva. Nanone, ibimenyetso bishobora guhinduka uko ubwonko bugenda bukira.

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bw'ingenzi bw'ibimenyetso:

Ingorane z'umubiri:

• Isesemi no kuruka
• Kuzungera cyangwa gutakaza uburimbane
• Umutwe
• Kudashobora kureba urumuri (amaso asa n'aho ahinduka ubururu)
• Umunaniro, kumva ufite intege nke
• Ibibazo byo kutabona neza, urugero, kutabona neza

Ibibazo byo gutekereza cyangwa kwibuka:

• Urujijo
• Kugorwa no kwibanda ku bintu
• Kugorwa no gutekereza neza
• Gutakaza kwibuka by'igihe gito
• Kumva ko ibintu byose birimo kugenda buhoro buhoro, nk'aho uri mu rugendo rurerure.
• Ubusambo

Ibibazo by'imibereho cyangwa amarangamutima:

• Guhangayika
• Guhangayika kenshi
• Kurakara

Ibibazo byo gusinzira:

TBI yoroheje ishobora no kugira ingaruka ku gusinzira kwawe. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo kugorwa no gusinzira, gusinzira gake ugereranije n'ibisanzwe, cyangwa gusinzira gake ugereranije n'ibisanzwe.

Ibimenyetso by'indwara ya TBI iri hagati cyangwa ikomeye

Kimwe na TBI yoroheje, ibimenyetso bya TBI iri hagati cyangwa ikomeye bishobora guhinduka uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Ingorane z'umubiri:

Ibi bishobora kuba bikomeye cyane, urugero:

• Gutakaza ubwenge. Indwara yo mu mutwe iri hagati ishobora kumara iminota irenga 30 cyangwa munsi y'amasaha 24. Indwara yo mu mutwe ikomeye ishobora kumara amasaha arenga 24.
• Koma
• Intege nke mu maboko no mu maguru
• Ibibazo bijyanye no kuringaniza no guhuza ibikorwa
• Ibibazo byo kumva cyangwa kureba
• Impinduka mu byiyumvo, nko gukorakora

Ibibazo byo gutekereza cyangwa kwibuka:

TBI iringaniye cyangwa ikomeye ishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Urujijo
• Kugorwa no kwibanda ku bintu
• Kugorwa no gutekereza neza
• Gutakaza kwibuka by'igihe gito
• Kugorwa no kuvugana n'abandi
• Ubusambo

Ibibazo by'imibereho cyangwa amarangamutima:

TBI iringaniye cyangwa ikomeye ishobora gutera ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Guhangayika
• Guhangayika kenshi
• Kurakara
• Agahinda, kwicuza
• Ihungabana
• Uburakari
• Ubugizi bwa nabi
• Ingorane zo kugenzura imyitwarire
• Gukora cyane kurusha uko bisanzwe

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa na TBI?

Indwara yoroheje, iringaniye, kandi ikomeye ishobora gutera ingorane zitandukanye.

Iyo ufite indwara yoroheje ya TBI, kandi ntuhe ubwonko bwawe umwanya uhagije wo gukira, uba uri mu kaga ko kurwara indwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga yitwa second-impact syndrome . Iki ni cyo gihe ubwonko bubyimba mu buryo butunguranye kandi ingirabuzimafatizo z'ubwonko zigahinduka.

Gufata imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara y'umutima (TBI) mu buryo buringaniye cyangwa bukabije bishobora gutera ingaruka z'igihe kirekire, harimo:

• Kuva amaraso mu bwonko
• Indwara zo mu mutwe
• Kwangirika k'ubwonko burundu n'ubumuga
• Kugabanya igihe cyo kubaho

Byongeye kandi, indwara ya TBI iri hagati cyangwa ikomeye yongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara nka:

• Indwara ya Alzheimer
• Guhangayika
• Indwara itera indwara iterwa n’ihungabana ridashira (CTE) (indwara ikunze kugaragara ku bantu bakubitwa kenshi mu mutwe, nk’abakinnyi)
• Ihungabana
• Indwara zo kugenda
• Indwara yo guhangayika nyuma yo guhungabana (PTSD)

Indwara ya TBI ipimwa ite?

Niba ubona ko ufite indwara yoroheje ya TBI, muganga wawe azagusuzuma akakubaza ibimenyetso byawe. Azagerageza kandi kumenya icyateye iyo mvune. Bashobora gukora ibizamini nka:

• Isuzuma ry'imitsi
• Ibizamini byo gupima. Gupima CT scan cyangwa MRI bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari amaraso cyangwa kubyimba mu bwonko.
• Gupima amaraso

Niba ufite indwara ya TBI iri hagati cyangwa ikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora kugutegeka gupimwa amaraso no gupimwa na CT scan kugira ngo amenye ubuvuzi bwihuse bukenewe.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara ya TBI?

Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura indwara ya TBI yoroheje n'iyoroheje/ikomeye. Uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura bushobora gutandukana bitewe n'uko urwaye.

Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara yoroheje ya TBI

Niba ufite indwara yoroheje ya TBI, abaganga bashobora kukugira inama ikurikira:

• Kuruhuka: Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Ugomba guha ubwonko bwawe umwanya wo gukira.
• Imiti igabanya ububabare itari iya NSAID ishobora gufatwa nta muganga wayihaye (urugero: parasetamol. Ariko ni byiza kubaza muganga wawe.)
• Kujya kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe kugira ngo barebe niba ibimenyetso bishya bigaragara cyangwa niba ibimenyetso bihari bizakomeza kwiyongera mu byumweru bike biri imbere.

Kuvura indwara ya TBI iri hagati cyangwa ikomeye

TBI iringaniye cyangwa ikomeye ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi. Abaganga bashobora kubaga nk'ibi bikurikira:

• Gabanya umuvuduko imbere mu gahanga.
• Mu gihe hari TBI yinjira (bivuze ikintu cyamenetse mu gahanga kikinjira mu bwonko), kuraho imyanda yose iri mu gahanga.
• Kuraho amaraso apfunditse.
• Sana imvune mu gahanga.
• Shyiramo ibikoresho bishobora gupima umuvuduko n'urugero rwa ogisijeni mu bwonko.

Abaganga bashobora kandi gutanga imiti nk'iyi:

• Imiti igabanya ububabare yandikiwe na muganga.
• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara.
• Imiti irinda kubyimba kw'amaraso mu mitsi (venous thromboembolism).
• Ibikoresho byongera imbaraga zo kuba maso.
• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara zo kwiheba.
• Imiti ivura imihangayiko (Anxiolytics).

Nyuma yo gukira nyuma yo kubagwa, ushobora gutangira kuvurwa mu buryo bwo kugarura ubuzima. Intego yo kuvugurura ubuzima ni ukunoza ubushobozi bwawe bwo gukora imirimo ya buri munsi no kugufasha guhangana n'ibibazo nk'ibibazo by'itumanaho cyangwa ibibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe. Ushobora guhabwa ubuvuzi nka:

• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri
• Ubuvuzi bw'akazi
• Ubuvuzi bw'imivugire
• Ubuvuzi bw'ubuhumekero
• Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze bufasha mu kibazo icyo ari cyo cyose cy'amarangamutima cyangwa ubuzima bwo mu mutwe

Ese birashoboka gukira burundu indwara ya TBI?

Biterwa n'imimerere yawe. Buri ndwara ya TBI ishobora kugira imbogamizi. Hari ubwo indwara ya TBI ishobora kugira ingaruka z'igihe kirekire. Niba ufite indwara ya TBI, baza muganga wawe icyo ushobora kwitega.

Icy'ingenzi: Uburyo abantu bose bakira uburwayi buratandukanye, bityo rero ntukigereranye n'abandi. Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza.

Ese indwara ya TBI ishobora kwirindwa?

Ushobora kutabasha kwirinda ikintu cyose gishobora gutera indwara ya TBI. Ariko hari ibintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo urinde umutwe wawe kandi ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara TBI. Dore bimwe muri byo:

• Gabanya ibyago byo kugwa: Niba ufite imyaka irenga 65, uba uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kugwa. Tekereza gushyira imigozi ku madarajya no gushyiraho inzira zisobanutse kandi zitekanye mu rugo rwawe (urugero, gukuraho amatapi, imigozi miremire y'amashanyarazi, n'ibikoresho bito byo mu nzu bishobora kugutera igisebe).
• Kina mu mutekano: Ambara ibikoresho byo kwirinda (nk'ingofero) niba ukina siporo yo gukomeretsa, ugendera ku magare, cyangwa ugendera kuri moto.
• Fata umukandara wawe: Mu gihe utwaye imodoka, mbara umukandara wawe kandi urebe neza ko abandi bari kumwe nawe bambaye umukandara. Mu gihe ugendana n'abana bato n'impinja, buri gihe ubashyire mu ntebe z'imodoka cyangwa mu ntebe zishyigikira imodoka.

Mfite indwara yoroheje ya TBI. Nakwiyitaho nte?

Abantu benshi barwaye TBI yoroheje bakira iyo baruhutse iminsi mike. Niba ufite TBI yoroheje, ushobora kwiyitaho ukoresheje:

• Irinde ibikorwa bishobora kongera gukomeretsa umutwe wawe n'ubwonko bwawe.
• Niba urwaye umutwe, baza muganga wawe imiti igabanya ububabare ushobora gukoresha n'igihe wayikoresha.
• Ruhuka bihagije. Ubwonko bwawe bukeneye umwanya wo gukira. Niba ufite ikibazo cyo gusinzira, ganira na muganga wawe ku bintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo usinzire neza.

Ni ryari abantu barwaye indwara ya TBI bagomba kujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze?

Niba ufite indwara ya TBI, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso:

• Niba umutwe udashira, cyangwa niba urushaho kwiyongera.
• Niba kuruka bitarangiye.
• Imvugo idasobanutse neza.

Niba wita ku muntu urwaye indwara ya TBI, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Bafite ubwenge, kandi ntushobora kubakangura.
• Niba bafite indwara yo kuribwa mu mutwe.
• Iyo ubibonye, ​​imboni y'umukara mu jisho rimwe iba nini cyane kurusha irindi.

Umuntu wa hafi yanjye afite indwara y'umutima iri hagati cyangwa ikomeye. Namufasha nte?

Niba wita ku muntu urwaye TBI, ushobora gukenera ubufasha n'ubuyobozi ku buryo wamufasha kongera kubaka ubuzima bwe. Dore bimwe mu bitekerezo:

• Menya uburyo TBI igira ingaruka kuri bo. Kumenya icyo wakwitega bishobora kugufasha kurushaho gushyigikira uwo ukunda mu gihe ahanganye n'ibibazo.
• Bashishikarize kwitabira ubuvuzi.
• Kora uko ushoboye kose kugira ngo ubafashe kuruhuka bihagije.
• Witeho nawe ubwawe.Kwita ku muntu urwaye indwara ikomeye ya TBI bishobora kunaniza cyane kandi bikamuhangayikisha. Baza abaganga b'uwo ukunda serivisi na gahunda zishobora kugufasha kubona ikiruhuko.
• Jya mu itsinda ry'abaterankunga. Guhuza n'abantu basobanukiwe n'ibyo urimo kunyuramo bishobora kugufasha kumva ko utari wenyine.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Niba ufite indwara yoroheje ya TBI, ushobora kubaza muganga wawe ibi bibazo:

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa TBI mfite?
• Ese nkeneye kubagwa cyangwa kuvurwa?
• Nzakira ryari?
• Ni ryari nzashobora gusubira ku kazi cyangwa ku ishuri?

Niba wita ku muntu urwaye indwara y’ibihaha ikomeye, ushobora kwibaza ibi bibazo:

• Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ivugururwa bazakenera?
• Ni amahirwe angahe yo gukira?
• Nabafasha nte guhangana n'iki kibazo?

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Gukomereka mu bwonko bikomeretsa (TBI) , imvune ikomeye mu mutwe, bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga mu bihe bibi cyane. Ariko ndetse n'indwara yoroheje ishobora guhindura ubuzima bwawe. Indwara y'umutima ishobora kubaho iyo ukubise umutwe cyangwa ikintu kikubise umutwe. Ibi bishobora gutera ibibazo by'igihe gito cyangwa kirekire, kandi bishobora kugira ingaruka kuri buri gice cy'ubuzima bwawe. Indwara y'umutima ishobora guhindura uburyo utekereza, witwara, wumva, kandi wiga. Ishobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo gukora no kubaka umubano.

TBI ishobora guterwa n'ibintu byinshi, harimo kugwa mu buryo butunguranye, impanuka z'imodoka, n'urugomo hagati y'abantu. Nta cyizere cy'uko uzashobora kwirinda ikintu cyose gishobora gutera TBI. Ariko ushobora gufata ingamba zo kugabanya ibyago byawe. Niba uhangayikishijwe n'uko ushobora kuba uri mu kaga ko kurwara TBI, baza muganga uburyo bwo kwirinda wowe ubwawe n'ubwonko bwawe TBI. Umutwe wawe ni ikintu cy'agaciro, kandi ni inshingano zawe kuyitaho.

` TBI, imvune yo mu bwonko, imvune yo mu mutwe, gukomereka mu mutwe, imvune yo mu mutwe, imvune yo mu mutwe, imvune yo mu bwonko, imvune zo mu bwonko, indwara zo mu bwonko