Ese ufite ikibazo nk'iki cy'imitsi iri mu ijosi ryawe? (Gucibwamo imitsi yo mu mugongo) Reka tubyigeho.

Ese wigeze wumva ijosi rikugoye, umutwe urwaye, cyangwa ubona ibintu bibiri mu jisho rimwe? Nubwo ibi bishobora gusa n'ibintu byoroshye, rimwe na rimwe hashobora kubaho ikintu gikomeye kurushaho inyuma yabyo. Kimwe mu bintu nk'ibyo tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi ni "Gucibwamo imitsi yo mu mugongo".

Gucamo imitsi yo mu mugongo (Vertebral Artery Dissection) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, iki ni igihe umutsi munini uri inyuma y'ijosi ryawe, ku mugongo wawe, ujyana amaraso mu bwonko bwawe - witwa umutsi wo mu bwonko - ucika imbere. Kimwe n'igitambaro gicika, urwego rumwe cyangwa nyinshi z'urukuta rw'imitsi zishobora gucika. Iyi ni impamvu idakunze kugaragara itera indwara yo mu bwonko ku bantu bakiri bato , bari munsi y'imyaka 45, aho kuba ku bantu bakuze.

None se iyi artery y'umugongo ni iki?

Tekereza, inyuma y'ijosi ryawe, hari imiyoboro ibiri y'amaraso inyura mu ruti rw'umugongo. Tuyita imiyoboro y'amaraso yo mu ruti rw'umugongo. Inshingano yayo nyamukuru ni ugutanga amaraso meza kandi afite ogisijeni mu bwonko bwawe no mu ruti rw'umugongo . Ni nk'umuyoboro w'amazi, ariko biragoye kurusha ibyo.

Uyu mutsi w'amaraso ufite ibice bitatu by'ingenzi:

• Intima : Uru ni rwo ruhererekane rw'imbere, rwegereye cyane urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso.
• Ibitangazamakuru : Uru ni urwego rwo hagati. Rufasha amaraso gutembera mu cyerekezo kimwe.
• Adventitia : Uru ni rwo ruhererekane rw'inyuma. Nirwo rutuma imitsi y'amaraso imera neza kandi ikagira imbaraga.

Uku gucika kw'inyama bigira ingaruka zite ku buzima bwawe?

Noneho tekereza, nk'uko nabivuze, iyo urwego rw'imbere rw'imitsi rucitse, amaraso atangira kuva hagati y'ibice bibiri byitwa intima n'ibice by'imitsi. Hanyuma amaraso ashobora guteranira aho ngaho akabyimba nk'agapira gato. Aya maraso yakusanyijwe ashobora gufatirwa aho ngaho maze agakora ikibyimba cy'amaraso . Iki kibyimba cy'amaraso gishobora kubuza amaraso gutembera mu mitsi, ndetse gishobora no kuyifunga burundu. Umutsi ushobora no kubyimba (kwaguka).

Ingaruka mbi cyane z'ibi ni stroke :

• Ischemic stroke : Ibi bibaho iyo amaraso yangiritse bihagije kugira ngo ahagarike burundu cyangwa igice cy'amaraso ajya mu bwonko. Hari igihe igice cy'amaraso ashobora gucika kikanyura mu maraso ajya mu bwonko maze kigashyirwa mu mitsi mito.
• Gucika amaraso mu bwonko : Ibi bibaho iyo ibice bitatu by'urukuta rw'imitsi bicitse. Hanyuma amaraso atangira kuva mu mitsi aho kujya mu bwonko. Iyo uku gucika kinjiye mu bwonko cyane, amaraso ashobora kuva mu mwanya ukikije ubwonko - tubyita kuva amaraso mu bwonko - cyangwa ashobora kuva amaraso mu bwonko.

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara imitsi yo mu bwonko ifata imitsi?

Hari abantu bashobora kurwara iyi ndwara nta mpamvu igaragara. Ariko, niba ufite indwara zimwe na zimwe, ushobora kuba uri mu kaga ko kuyirwara. Reba niba ibi bintu nawe bikugiraho ingaruka:

• Kunywa itabi : Iki ni ikintu gifungura amarembo y'indwara nyinshi.
• Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe ziterwa n’uturemangingo : Urugero , cystic medial necrosis , Ehlers-Danlos syndrome , Marfan syndrome , na osteogenesis imperfecta bishobora gutuma inkuta z’imitsi zicika intege.
• Udukoko twa Fibromuscular dysplasia : Iyi ni indwara aho uturemangingo tudasanzwe dukura mu mitsi.
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso : Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, cyane cyane mu mitsi ihuza ibihaha n'umutima (hypertension y'imitsi).
• Indwara y'impyiko ya Polycystic : Indwara aho udukoko twibasira impyiko.
• Vasculitis : Kubyimba imiyoboro y'amaraso.

Ese hari ibindi bintu bishobora gutera ibyago?

Yego rwose. Uku gucika kw'ijosi bishobora no guterwa n'imvune zimwe na zimwe. Ibi bishobora kubaho cyane cyane iyo ijosi riri mu mwanya wagutse cyangwa iyo ijosi rihinguwe vuba . Tekereza ku bintu nk'ibi:

• Impanuka z'ibinyabiziga.
• Uburyo bumwe na bumwe bwo kuvura ijosi, nko guhindura ubuvuzi bwa chiropractic no gusigwa ijosi mu buryo bw’ijisho, bushobora kuba ingirakamaro. Ariko, ibi bishobora kudakora kuri buri wese, kandi hari ingaruka zishobora kubaho.
• Gufungura amatembabuzi upfunya imisaya yawe cyane.
• Iyo ukora yoga, ijosi rirahagarara rigahindurirwa hejuru igihe kirekire.
• Ni nko gusiga irangi ku gisenge, ugakomeza gukora ijosi ryawe rihetamye.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara z'umutima n'ibihaha (CPR) ni uburyo butangwa mu gihe umutima uhagaze mu buryo butunguranye.
• Kwitsamura cyane.
• Kuruka.
• Siporo yo gutega (`Guhangana`).
• Guterura ibintu biremereye.
• Ikindi kintu cyose gishobora gutera imvune mu ijosi.

Ese stroke ishobora no guterwa n'indi mitsi icitse?

Yego, iyo umutsi wo mu ijosi ryawe wacitse, dukunze kuwita gucika kw'imitsi yo mu mugongo . Ibi birimo imitsi yo mu mugongo twavuze, hamwe n'imitsi ibiri ya carotid inyura imbere mu ijosi ryawe. Iyo umwe muri iyi mitsi ucitse, ushobora guhagarika amaraso ajya mu bwonko, bigatera indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi .

Ni iyihe ngaruka nyazo zo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko (stroke)?

Mu by'ukuri, ibi biterwa no gucika kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko cyangwa mu mitsi ya carotide.Ingaruka zo kurwara indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi muri rusange ni nke. Imitsi yo gucika kw'imitsi itera indwara ya “Ischemic stroke” ingana na 2% by'imitsi yose yo gucika kw'imitsi. Imitsi myinshi yo gucika kw'imitsi iterwa n'indwara yitwa “atherosclerosis” . Ibi bibaho iyo inkuta z'imitsi ziba nini kandi zikagabanuka bitewe n'ibindi bintu bishobora gutera ingorane, nko kunywa itabi, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, cholesterol nyinshi, na diyabete.

Ariko iki ni ikintu cy'ingenzi: Gucika kw'imitsi yo mu mugongo ni imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zitera indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi mu rubyiruko no mu myaka yo hagati. Bishobora gutera kugeza kuri 25%, cyangwa kimwe muri bine, by'indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi muri iki kigero.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'uko imitsi yo mu bwonko icitse?

Ushobora kutagira ibimenyetso na bimwe uhura nabyo mu ntangiriro. Ariko iyo umutsi utemba cyangwa amaraso akagwa bikabuza amaraso gutembera mu bwonko, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso bya stroke .

Menya ibi bintu:

• Ataxia : Kubura uburinganire mu gihe ugenda cyangwa uhagaze, kudashobora gukora imirimo neza.
• Kuzungera.
• Kubura amatwi.
• Kureba kabiri.
• Kubabara mu ijosi (akenshi ku ruhande rumwe).
• Kuribwa umutwe cyane.
• Imvugo idasobanutse neza (Dysarthria).
• Vertigo - Kumva uzunguruka.

Wamenya ute ko ufite ikibazo cyo gucika kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko?

Ikizamini cyiza cyo kumenya neza ibiri kuba ni angiography ya magnetic resonance (MRA) . Ibi bihuza scan ya MRI n'uburyo bwitwa angiography kugira ngo bifate amashusho asobanutse neza y'imitsi yawe yo mu bwonko. Ibi bituma abaganga bamenya vuba aho gucikamo ibice, ubukana bwabyo, n'igihe bimaze.

Ariko, iki kizamini cya MRA ntikiboneka hose kandi nticyoroshye kugikora. Kubwibyo, abaganga bakunze gusuzuma iki kibazo bakoresheje CT scan (`Computed Tomography - CT scan`) cyangwa CT angiography (`CT angiography`) . Ibi akenshi ni bimwe mu bizamini bya mbere bikorwa iyo umuntu yinjiye.

Hari igihe muganga wawe ashobora no kukugira inama yo gukorerwa angiography isanzwe . Ibi bikubiyemo gushyiramo umuyoboro muremure kandi muremure (catheter) mu kuboko kwawe cyangwa mu kibuno, gutera irangi ryihariye (irangi ritandukanye), no gufata amashusho ya X-ray kugira ngo urebe uko amaraso atembera mu mitsi, aho yacitse, n'aho igisebe kiri.

Ibi bivurwa bite?

Akenshi, izi ndwara zo gucikamo ibice zikira ubwazo uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ariko, kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso, ushobora gukenera imiti igabanya amaraso.Ubu ni bwo buryo bw'ibanze bwo kuvura. Urugero, aspirine , indi miti (nka Plavix®) , heparin mu buryo bw'amazi, cyangwa ibinini bya warfarin bishobora gutangwa.

Ariko, niba gucikamo ibice byakwirakwiriye mu bwonko, cyangwa niba waragize ikibazo cyo kuva amaraso mu bwonko , bishobora kuba atari byiza gutanga iyi miti igabanya amaraso. Muganga wawe azakugira inama yo kuvura indi miti.

Wakora iki niba ubuvuzi busanzwe budafashe neza?

Iyo bibaye, ushobora kuba ukeneye kubagwa. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa no ku bantu barwaye indwara yo kuva amaraso mu bwonko .

Uburyo bwo gukata imitsi yo mu bwonko ni ubu bukurikira:

• Gutera imitsi mu miyoboro y'amaraso : Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, imiyoboro mito (catheters) ishyirwa mu kuboko cyangwa mu kibuno, mu gace k'aho icika, hanyuma hagaterwa umuti utera imitsi cyangwa hagashyirwamo uduce duto tw'icyuma. Igice kidasanzwe cy'imitsi gifunze n'iki gikoresho cyangwa uduce duto. Ibi bihagarika amaraso gutemberamo.
• Angioplasty : Ibi bikubiyemo no gukoresha imiyoboro mito (catheters) kugira ngo ujye aho wacitse no gushyiramo ibara ryihariye kugira ngo usane igice cy'imitsi cyacitse.
• Gukoresha stent mu bwonko : Ibi kandi bikubiyemo gushyira umuyoboro muto (catheter) mu gace k'aho icibwa no gushyira icyuma gisa n'urushundura (cyitwa stent) mu mitsi. Ibi bikomeza urukuta rw'imitsi. Ibi ntibikorerwa buri wese, ahubwo bikorwa ku barwayi batoranyijwe gusa. Akenshi, abaganga bakora angioplasty na stent hamwe.
• Kubagwa : Ku bantu badashobora gukora ubuvuzi bw'imitsi yavuzwe haruguru, kubagwa bishobora kuba ngombwa. Mu gihe cyo kubagwa, abaganga bakoresha uduce duto tw'icyuma kugira ngo bazibe igice kidasanzwe cy'imitsi.

Ni ikihe gipimo cyo gukira ku bantu bafite iyi ndwara?

Abantu benshi barakira burundu . Ariko, ushobora kuba ugifite ibyago byo kurwara indwara nk'iyo mu gihe kizaza. Ariko iyo ngaruka iragabanuka uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Bimeze bite kubana n'umutsi ucagaguye uruti rw'umugongo?

Abaganga bazagukurikirana buri gihe kugeza igihe uzaba wizeye neza ko byakize burundu. Ubusanzwe, uzajya ukorerwa isuzuma rya magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) buri mezi atatu kugeza kuri atandatu.Uzasabwa gukora ibizamini bimwe na bimwe. Uzakenera kandi gukomeza gufata imiti igabanya amaraso muri iki gihe. Abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo gucika mu gihe kizaza bazakenera kubonana n'abaganga babo imyaka myinshi kugira ngo bahabwe inama (`ubuvuzi bwo gukurikirana`).

Ni iki ntagomba gukora nyuma yo gucibwamo imitsi yo mu mugongo?

Ushobora gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, ariko ugomba kwirinda ibintu nk'ibi:

• Imyitozo ikorwa ushyira ibiro byawe ku maboko yawe, nko gusunika no gukurura.
• Guterura ibiro birenga ibiro 25-30 (hafi ibiro 11-13.5).
• Guterura ibiremereye hejuru y'umutwe.
• Vugana na siporo.
• Kugenda mu ngendo zihuta cyane nk'izigendanwa.
• Gufata umuganga w’imitsi yo mu mutwe/mu ijosi ryawe.
• Gukanda ijosi cyane.
• Ibintu nko koga mu kirere.
• Ibindi bikorwa byongera/bigabanya umuvuduko mu buryo butunguranye.
• "Imyanya y'urubaho" ('Imyanya y'urubaho'). (Ariko usibye ibyo, nta kibazo kiri mu gukora yoga cyangwa Pilates, igihe cyose bidashyira igitutu ku ijosi).
• Irinde ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose gituma ijosi risubira inyuma mu buryo butunguranye (gukomereka mu gituza), cyangwa ikindi kintu cyose gituma ijosi rikomeza kwaguka hejuru (hyperextension).

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Guca imitsi yo mu mugongo ni ugucika k'urukuta rw'imitsi y'amaraso iri inyuma y'ijosi ryawe. Ni gake bitera indwara yo gucika kw'amaraso . Ariko iyo bibaye, kuvurwa vuba (akenshi bigabanya amaraso cyangwa kubagwa) bishobora kurokora ubuzima bwawe. Ubuvuzi no gukomeza gukurikiranwa n'abaganga bishobora gufasha abantu bafite iyi ndwara kwirinda ingorane. Niba rero ufite kimwe mu bimenyetso bivugwa muri iyi nkuru, nyamuneka shaka inama z'abaganga vuba. Icyo ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane.

` Gucamo ibice imitsi yo mu mugongo, gucika imitsi, guhagarara kw'imitsi, kubabara ijosi, kuribwa umutwe, isereri, guturika kw'imitsi y'amaraso