Twese tuzi ijwi ry'umutima wacu utera, sibyo? Hari igihe twumva iri jwi neza iyo dufite ubwoba cyangwa twishimye. Ariko se uzi uburyo iyi jwi rigoye inyuma y'iri jwi rimwe? Ibi byose bigenzurwa n'ibyumba bine bito biri mu mutima wacu. Uyu munsi, turaganira kuri ibi byumba by'umutima. Ibi ni nk'ibice by'ingenzi cyane bya moteri y'umubiri wacu.
Ese, ibi byumba by'umutima ni iki? Bikora iki?
Mu magambo make, hari ahantu hane huzuye mu mutima wawe twita Ibyumba by'umutima . Nk'uko hari ibyumba bine mu nzu. Ibi byumba bine bifite amazina ane.
- Ibyumba bibiri biri hejuru: Ibi tubyita atrium . Kimwe ni atrium y'iburyo, ikindi ni atrium y'ibumoso.
- Ibyumba bibiri biri hepfo: Ibi tubyita ventricles . Kimwe ni ventricle y'iburyo, ikindi ni ventricle y'ibumoso.
Ibi byumba bine bikorana kugira ngo bigenzure umutima wawe kandi bikongere amaraso mu mubiri wawe wose. Tekereza gato, iyo ufite ubwoba cyangwa uhangayitse, umutima wawe utera cyane, si byo se? Muri buri gutera, gahunda itangaje iba muri ibi byumba bine. Ni byo bituma amaraso yawe anyura mu mitsi yawe. Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo ni no kubera ubumwe bw'ibi byumba bine bituma umwuka mwiza uhumekwa mu maraso, kandi amaraso meza agakwirakwira mu mubiri wose.
Buri cyumba gikora iki neza?
Iyo turebye umutima, ni nk'ikipe ikomeye ikorera ku ntego imwe. Hari abakinnyi bane muri iyi kipe. Abo ni bo bakinnyi bane. Bose barafashanya. Kandi inzira yo gupompa umutima ikorwa binyuze mu gukorana n'udupira n'imitsi y'amaraso mu mutima.
Ibi byumba bine ni byo bakinnyi b'ingenzi cyane (MVPs) muri iyi kipe. Ni ukubera akazi bakora ko amaraso ashaje mu mubiri wacu asukurwa kandi akoherezwa mu mubiri wose nk'amaraso mashya buri segonda. Reka turebe icyo buri mukinnyi akora.
| Icyumba cy'Umutima | Imikorere |
|---|---|
| Atrium y'iburyo | Umukino urahera aha. Umubiri ufite umwuka muke wa ogisijeni (udafite umwuka uhagije), ni ukuvuga ko ari yo ikusanya amaraso yose yanduye. Aya maraso aza agakoranira mu mitsi ibiri minini yitwa Superior Vena Cava na Inferior Vena Cava. Hanyuma atrium y'iburyo ishyira aya maraso ku wundi muntu ukina, ari we ventricle y'iburyo. |
| Ventricle y'iburyo | Amaraso aturuka mu gice cy'iburyo cy'umutima yinjira muri ventricle y'iburyo anyuze muri valve ya tricuspid. Aha ngaha, ventricle y'iburyo irakurura vuba cyane ikayishyira mu bihaha binyuze muri valve y'ibihaha. Mu bihaha niho aya maraso yakira ogisijeni ikenewe n'umubiri. Amaraso amaze kuba afite ogisijeni kandi asukuye asubira mu mutima. |
| Atrium y'ibumoso | Amaraso agizwe na ogisijeni (ni ukuvuga asukuye) ava mu bihaha yinjira mu gice cy'ibumoso cy'amaraso. Noneho aya maraso aba yiteguye kujya mu mubiri wose. Igice cy'ibumoso cy'amaraso yohereza aya maraso meza mu gice cy'ibumoso cy'amaraso binyuze mu gice cy'imbere cy'amaraso. |
| Ventricle y'ibumoso | Iki ni cyo cyumba cya nyuma mu byumba bine by'umutima. Inkondo y'ibumoso ni yo cyumba gikomeye mu mutima. Ni cyo cyumba gipompa aya maraso meza binyuze muri valve ya aorta ikayashyira mu muyoboro w'amaraso maze kikayakwirakwiza mu mubiri wose. Ni nko gutsinda igitego mu mukino. Ibi bibaho kenshi kuri buri gutera k'umutima. |
Iki cyumba kiri he mu mutima? Gikozwe mu ki?
Umutima wawe uherereye mu gituza cy'igituza cyawe, ibumoso bw'igufwa ry'igituza cyawe, hagati y'ibihaha byawe. Ibyumba bine by'umutima wawe biteguye kugira ngo byorohereze gutembera kw'amaraso. Atria ni ibyumba bibiri byo hejuru. Inturusu ni ibyumba bibiri byo hasi.
Uruhande rw'iburyo n'ibumoso rw'umutima rutandukanyijwe n'agace kitwa septum . Ibi bituma amaraso yanduye, afite ogisijeni nkeya, ativanga n'amaraso meza, afite ogisijeni nyinshi.
Inkuta z'ibyumba by'umutima zigizwe n'imitsi y'umutima. Umutima utera iyo iyi mitsi ikora kandi ikaruhuka.
Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, iyo tuvuze ibyumba by'umutima, ntitwakwibagirwa iby'utubati. Utu tubati ni nk'inzugi ziri hagati y'ibyumba. Turakingura kandi tugafunga kugira ngo amaraso ava mu byumba bimwe ajya mu bindi kandi asohoke mu mutima.
Inzira isanzwe yo kuva amaraso ni iyi ikurikira:
1. Amaraso yanduye aturuka mu mubiri wose aza mu mutima.
2. Umutima wohereza ayo maraso mu bihaha.
3. Amaraso yejejwe mu bihaha asubira mu mutima.
4. Umutima upompa ayo maraso meza mu mubiri wose.
Ibyumba bine n'udukingirizo tune birakorana kugira ngo uru rugendo rukomeze kugenda neza.
Indwara n'indwara bigira ingaruka ku byumba by'umutima
Hari igihe, ubu bufatanye mu mutima bushobora guhungabana. Hari ibibazo bibaho mbere yuko tuvuka (indwara y'umutima ivukanwa). Hari n'ibindi bibazo bishobora kuvuka uko tugenda dusaza. Kubera ko ibyumba by'umutima ari ingenzi cyane ku miterere y'umutima, indwara nyinshi z'umutima zifitanye isano n'ibi byumba. Reka turebe bimwe muri ibyo bibazo.
Ugutera kw'umutima nabi (Arrhythmias)
Ubu ni ugutera k'umutima kudasanzwe guterwa n'ikibazo cy'amashanyarazi y'umutima. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bwabyo, ariko hari ubwoko bubiri bufitanye isano itaziguye n'ibyumba by'umutima.
- Supraventricular Arrhythmias: Izi zitangirira mu byumba bibiri byo hejuru, ari byo atria. Ubwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane ni atrial fibrillation (Afib) . Aha niho atria idafata neza ahubwo igahinda umushyitsi. Ibi biyibuza kohereza amaraso mu ngingo z'umubiri neza. Ushobora kuba udafite ibimenyetso. Niba ufite ibimenyetso, bishobora kuba birimo kumva uhuha mu gituza, kumva umutima wawe utera cyane, isesemi, isereri, no guhumeka nabi. Iyo itavuwe, ibyago byo kurwara stroke byiyongeraho inshuro eshanu.
- Indwara zo mu mitsi yo mu bwonko: Izi zitangirira mu byumba bibiri by'umutima, byitwa ventricles. Hari igihe ziba zitangiza. Urugero, ushobora kugira ihungabana ry'imitsi yo mu bwonko ritaragera igihe (PVCs) iyo ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso cyangwa unywa ikawa nyinshi. Ariko, hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe buteye akaga cyane. Ihungabana ry'imitsi yo mu bwonko (Vfib) ni ryo rikabije muri izi ndwara. Rishobora gutera umutima guhagarara mu buryo butunguranye ndetse n'urupfu. Ibi bibaho iyo umutima utabonye amaraso ahagije. Vfib ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy'ubuvuzi gisaba kuvurwa vuba. Iyo umuntu atazi kandi adahumeka neza, agomba kujyanwa mu bitaro byita ku barwayi b'inkeragutabara (ETU) vuba.
Indwara y'imitsi y'umutima
Hari igihe imiyoboro y'amaraso mu mutima ishobora kwangirika igahagarika gukora neza. Ibi bibazo bikunze kugaragara uko tugenda dusaza.
- Stenose y'imiyoboro y'amaraso:Ibi bibaho iyo umugozi utwara amaraso ava mu gice cy'ibumoso cy'amaraso ajya mu gice cy'imbere cy'amaraso, ari cyo gice cy'imbere cy'amaraso, ugabanutse. Ibi bituma amaraso asohoka bigorana. Ibi bishobora gutera ibimenyetso nko kunanirwa, guhumeka nabi, kubabara mu gatuza, kuzerera no kubyimba amaguru.
- Gusubira kwa tricuspid: Ibi bibaho iyo valve ya tricuspid, valve itwara amaraso ava kuri atrium y'iburyo ajya kuri ventricle y'iburyo, idafunze neza. Ibi bituma amaraso amwe ava inyuma, ava kuri ventricle ajya kuri atrium. Ibi bishobora gutera ibimenyetso nko kubyimba imitsi mu ijosi, umunaniro, no kubyimba amaguru.
Endocarditis
Iyo agakoko, nka bagiteri, kinjiye mu maraso yawe kakajya mu mutima wawe, gashobora kwanduza igice cy'umutima wawe n'imiyoboro yawo. Ibi byitwa endocarditis . Ibimenyetso birimo umuriro, ubukonje, ibyuya nijoro, no kubabara umubiri. Iyi ni indwara ikomeye kandi ugomba kujya kwa muganga ako kanya ugahabwa imiti yica udukoko. Iyo itavuwe, ishobora kwangiza umutima wawe burundu.
Ubusembwa bwa ventricle imwe
Izi ni indwara zidasanzwe zibaho igihe umuntu avuka. Muri ibi, imwe mu miyoboro ishobora kudakura neza, kuba nto, cyangwa se idafite umuyoboro.
- Indwara y'umutima y'ibumoso idakura neza (HLHS): Uruhande rw'ibumoso rw'umutima ntirukura neza.
- Kugwa kw'ibihaha: Umugozi w'ibihaha urafunze cyangwa warakuze mu buryo budasanzwe.
- Atresia ya Tricuspid: Valve ya tricuspid ntabwo ikora neza, bityo amaraso ntashobora gutembera ava kuri atrium y'iburyo ajya kuri ventricle y'iburyo.
Namenya nte ko ibyumba byanjye by'umutima ari byiza?
Indwara z'umutima zitwa "umwicanyi utagira icyo avuga" kuko rimwe na rimwe zishobora kugaragara nta bimenyetso. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kwisuzumisha buri gihe no kumenyesha muganga wawe niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wigeze kugira indwara y'umutima.
Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kugenzura ubuzima bw'umutima wawe:
- Gutega amatwi hakoreshejwe stethoscope: Ibi bishobora kumenya amajwi adasanzwe y'umutima (imiborogo) n'ibibazo by'imitsi.
- Electrocardiogram (EKG): Iyi electrocardiogram ipima imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima.
- Echocardiogram (Echogram): Ibi ni nko gupima umutima. Bishobora gukurikirana neza imikorere y'umutima n'imiterere y'imitsi.
Ubuvuzi buterwa n'uko urwaye. Hari igihe ushobora kubwirwa guhindura imikorere yawe mu buryo buto (nk'ukugabanya ikawa). Hari n'igihe ushobora guhabwa imiti. Ku bintu nk'ibibazo by'imitsi, ushobora gukenera kubagwa. Muganga wawe ni we uzaguhitiramo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.Ntutinye rero kumubwira ibimenyetso bishya.
Nakora iki kugira ngo umutima wanjye ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza?
Hari ibintu byinshi byoroshye ushobora gukora kugira ngo umutima wawe wose ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza.
- Indyo nziza ku mutima: Ibi bifasha mu kugenzura ibintu bishobora gutera indwara nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso na cholesterol nyinshi.
- Imyitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe: Kugenda n'amaguru cyangwa kwiruka iminsi mike mu cyumweru bishobora gufasha gukomeza umutima wawe. Ariko banza uganire na muganga wawe mbere yo gutangira gahunda iyo ari yo yose yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
- Irinde kunywa itabi n'inzoga: Izi ngeso ni mbi ku mutima wawe no ku mubiri wawe wose.
Tangira ukoresheje impinduka nto. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ushobora kugera ku musaruro munini uturutse kuri izo mpinduka nto.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Umutima wacu ufite ibyumba bine. Ibi bikora nk'ikipe mu gupompa amaraso mu mubiri wose.
- Niba ubonye ibimenyetso nko gufungana mu gituza bidasanzwe, guhumeka nabi, umunaniro ukabije, kubyimba amaguru, cyangwa isereri, ntubyirengagize. Shaka muganga ako kanya.
- Indwara nyinshi z'umutima ntizigaragaza ibimenyetso mu ntangiriro, bityo ni ngombwa kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe, nubwo waba ubona nta kibazo kirimo.
- Ubuzima bwiza, nko kurya indyo nziza, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe no kwirinda kunywa itabi, ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kurinda umutima wawe.
- Niba ufite gushidikanya cyangwa impungenge ku buzima bw'umutima wawe, ganira na muganga wawe ku buryo bweruye.
💬 Comments (0)
Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.