Ese nawe wumva umeze nk'ufite isereri cyangwa ufite umutwe urembye? Ibi bishobora kuba ari ukudakora neza kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko!

Ese hari igihe wumva umeze nk'ufite isereri, ufite umutwe uremereye, cyangwa utakaza uburinganire bwawe iyo ugenda? Hari n'abantu bavuga amagambo mabi iyo bavuga. Ntugasuzugure ibi bimenyetso nk'ibisanzwe. Bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara igabanya amaraso ajya inyuma y'ubwonko bwawe. Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara yitwa Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency (VBI) .

Kudakora neza kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko (VBI) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, kunanirwa k'imitsi yo mu bwonko (VBI) ni indwara aho amaraso ajya inyuma y'ubwonko agabanuka cyangwa agahagarara. Iki gice cy'inyuma cy'ubwonko bwacu gifite inshingano zo kugenzura uburinganire n'ingendo. Tekereza rero ibibazo bishobora kuvuka mu gihe iki gice kitabonye amaraso ahagije.

Abantu benshi barwaye VBI bafite ibibazo byoroheje by'ubuzima. Ariko, iyi ndwara igushyira mu kaga ko kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko cyangwa indwara y'imitsi iterwa n'imisemburo (TIA) , indwara isa n'indwara yo mu bwonko nto. Hari igihe iyi ndwara ishobora kuba ikomeye kandi igatera ubumuga bw'ubuzima bwose cyangwa ndetse n'urupfu. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kubimenya.

Ubusanzwe abaganga bavura iyi ndwara ya VBI babagira inama yo guhindura imibereho yabo, ndetse byaba ngombwa bakandika imiti. Ariko, niba ibimenyetso bikomeje nyuma y’izi ngamba, kubagwa bishobora kuba ngombwa.

Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa VBI?

Yego, hari ubwoko bumwe bwihariye. Byitwa Insufficiency ya Transient Vertebrobasilar . Ibi ni gake cyane. Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo uhindukiriye cyangwa uzunguza umutwe. Abaganga nabo bayita:

• Indwara y'umuhigi w'umuheto
• Ihindagurika ry'umutwe
• Kudakora neza kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko izenguruka

Ikibaho muri iki kibazo ni uko umutsi w'amaraso ujyana amaraso mu bwonko ufunga by'agateganyo iyo umutwe uhinduriwe.

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kugira VBI?

Ufite imyaka irenga 50 kandi ufite ibi bikurikira: Ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara VBI:

• Niba ufite indwara y'imitsi itera umutima cyangwa indwara y'imitsi itera amaraso mu gice cyo hagati cy'umubiri (PAD) , ibyo bikaba ari ibibazo by'imitsi itanga amaraso mu mutima no mu ngingo za kure nko ku maguru no ku maboko.
• Niba urwaye diyabete .
• Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wigeze kugira VBI mbere (isano y'umurage).
• Niba ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (Hypertension) cyangwa urugero rwa cholesterol ruri hejuru mu maraso yawe .
• Niba ufite amateka yo kunywa itabi.
• Umubyibuho ukabije, ni ukuvuga, niba hari umubyibuho ukabije.
• Niba ufite ibinure byinshi (plaque) mu mitsi yawe y'amaraso, bivuze ko ufite indwara ya atherosclerosis .
• Iyo urugero rw'ibinure mu maraso ruri hejuru, byitwa hyperlipidemia .

Indwara z'umutima n'imitsi zishobora kuziba imitsi y'amaraso na zo zongera ibyago byo kurwara VBI. Urugero:

• Indwara yo kugabanya umuvuduko w'umutima (Afib) (indwara yo kugabanya umuvuduko w'umutima)
• Indwara zo kuvura amaraso
• Kwandura igice cy'imbere cy'umutima (infective endocarditis)
• Gucika kw'imitsi yo mu mugongo ( gucika k'urukuta rw'imitsi yo mu mugongo ijyana amaraso mu bwonko)

Mu mibare, abagabo bafite amahirwe abiri yo kurwara VBI kurusha abagore. Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu moko amwe n'amwe.

VBI ikunze kugaragara gute?

Bivugwa ko abantu bagera kuri 25% barengeje imyaka 70, cyangwa umwe muri bane, bashobora kuba bafite VBI. Ibi rero si ibintu bitaramenyekana na gato.

Ni izihe mpamvu nyamukuru zitera VBI?

Impamvu nyamukuru itera VBI mu bihe byinshi ni indwara yitwa atherosclerosis . Nkuko twabivuze mbere, iki ni cyo gihe ibinure (plaque) bigizwe na cholesterol na calcium byirundanyije mu miyoboro y'amaraso, bikayigabanya kandi bigagabanya amaraso atembera. Ni nk'aho umwanda ufata umuyoboro w'amazi.

Hari izindi mpamvu zisanzwe:

• Indwara y'imitsi itera amaraso kwinjira mu bwonko ( kuziba kw'imitsi mito cyane y'amaraso mu bwonko)
• Kuziba kw'amaraso mu bihaha (amaraso apfutse mu bihaha - ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka zitaziguye)
• Gucika kw'imitsi yo mu mugongo ( gucika k'urukuta rw'imitsi yo mu mugongo)

Hariho kandi impamvu zidasanzwe:

• Indwara z'amaraso (Coagulopathies)
• Ubusinzi bw'ibiyobyabwenge
• Ugukura kudasanzwe kw'inkuta z'imitsi y'amaraso mu maraso ( Fibromuscular dysplasia - FMD )
• Umutwe uterwa na Migraine - Hari indwara zikomeye ziterwa na Migraine zishobora guterwa n’iyo ndwara.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya VBI?

Umuntu urwaye VBI ashobora kugira kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso. Ibi bishobora kugaragara mu buryo butunguranye bigashira nyuma y'igihe runaka, cyangwa bikaba byakomeza.

• Ibibazo byo kuringaniza : isereri, kumva ibintu bikuzunguruka ( vertigo ). Tekereza, uramutse wumva isereri nubwo waba uhagaze gusa, wakumva umeze ute iyo uri kugenda?
• Urujijo, guta ubwenge ( delirium ).
• Kugorwa no kumira ibiryo ( dysphagia ).
• Indwara zigira ingaruka ku ngendo no guhuza ibintu ( ataxia)) - Ni nk'aho udashobora kugenda, biragoye kugenzura amaguru n'amaboko yawe.
• Kubona kabiri cyangwa gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kubona.
• Gutakaza ubwenge mu buryo butunguranye ( syncope ).
• Gucika intege mu gice cy'umubiri wawe.
• Gusobanya no gusobanya amagambo mu gihe uvuga ( dysarthria ).
• Gutakaza ubwenge bitunguranye no kugwa hasi (ibitero byo kugwa).
• Kudashobora kugenzura inkari (Kunanirwa kwifata mu nkari).
• Isesemi no kuruka.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, cyane cyane iyo bije bitunguranye kandi bikongera kugaruka, menya neza ko wagisha inama kwa muganga, kuko bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara yo mu bwonko.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma VBI?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, abanza kukubaza ibimenyetso byawe. Hanyuma, bazakora isuzuma ry’umubiri. Byongeye kandi, bashobora gukora ibindi bipimo bike kugira ngo bemeze neza indwara.

• Ibizamini byo gushushanya:
• Isuzuma rya CT (computed tomography scan) cyangwa MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) rifata amafoto y'imitsi y'amaraso iri inyuma y'ubwonko bwawe. Ibi bishobora gufasha kureba niba hari imitsi y'amaraso yazibye cyangwa yangiritse.
• Angiography: Iki ni ikizamini gikoresha amashusho ya X-ray kugira ngo gisuzume imiyoboro y'amaraso yawe (imitsi). Hari igihe, amazi yihariye (irangi ritandukanye) ashyirwa mu mitsi kugira ngo hakorwe ayo mashusho.
• CTA (computed tomography angiography) cyangwa MRA (magnetic resonance angiography): Ibi bizamini bishobora gutanga amashusho asobanutse neza, y’ibice bitatu (3D) y’imitsi yawe y’amaraso.
• Echocardiogram (Echo): Ibi ni nk'isuzuma rya ultrasound ry'umutima. Rigenzura uko ibyumba by'umutima n'imiyoboro y'amaraso bikora, n'uko umutima utera amaraso (ibikorwa byo kupompa).
• Electrocardiogram (ECG cyangwa EKG): Iyi electrocardiogram ipima imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe. Ishobora kumenya ibitagenda neza mu mutima wawe.
• Holter monitor: Iki ni igikoresho gito cyambarwa ku mubiri wawe mu gihe cy'amasaha 24 kugeza kuri 48. Gihora gifata amashusho y'imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe mu gihe ukora imirimo isanzwe.
• Ibipimo by'amaraso bya prothrombin (PT) n'ibipimo by'amaraso bya partial thromboplastin (PTT) : Ibi bipimo by'amaraso bipima igihe bifata kugira ngo amaraso yawe agire ivumbi.

Ntabwo ibi bizamini byose bizaba ngombwa. Muganga wawe ni we uzaguhitiramo ibizamini akurikije ibimenyetso n'uko umeze.

VBI ivurwa ite ?

Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura. Muganga wawe ni we uzaguhitiramo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura bitewe n'uko urwaye.

1. Impinduka mu mibereho:

Akenshi, ikintu cya mbere ugomba kugerageza ni ukugabanya ibimenyetso binyuze mu guhindura uburyo ubayeho.

• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima: Umubyibuho ukabije ni intandaro y'indwara nyinshi.
• Genzura cholesterol uhindura indyo yawe: Ni ingenzi cyane kugabanya ibiryo birimo amavuta n'ibinure byinshi.
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Ndetse n'ikintu cyoroshye nko kugenda n'amaguru iminota 30 ku munsi gishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye.
• Kureka kunywa itabi: Iki ni ikintu ugomba gukora rwose.

2. Imiti (imiti):

Muganga ashobora kuguha imiti yo kurwanya ibibazo by'ubuzima.

• Imiti igenzura kuvura kw'amaraso: Nka aspirine.
• Imiti yo kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso.
• Umuti ugabanya cholesterol.
• Imiti yo kurwanya diyabete.

3. Kubagwa:

Niba guhindura imibereho n'imiti bidasubiza amaraso mu mubiri, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kubagwa.

• Gukuraho imitsi yo mu ijosi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubaga: Ibi bikubiyemo gukuraho ibinure (plaque) mu mitsi minini y'amaraso iri mu ijosi (imitsi yo mu ijosi).
• Uburyo bwo gupima amaraso mu mutima (Coronary angioplasty) n'uburyo bwo gupima amaraso mu mutima: Iyo umuyoboro w'amaraso mu mutima uzibye, hakoreshwa uburyo bwo gupima amaraso mu buryo bw'icyuma (stent) bufite agapira gato k'inyuma kashyirwamo kugira ngo hagurwe umuyoboro w'amaraso.
• Kubaga imitsi y'umutima: Umutsi w'amaraso wangiritse mu mutima usimbuzwa umutsi w'amaraso muzima wakuwe mu kindi gice cy'umubiri.
• Kubaka imitsi yo mu ruti rw'umugongo: Kubaga bisana ibyangiritse ku mitsi yo mu ruti rw'umugongo ijyana amaraso mu bwonko.

Uburyo bwo kuvura VBI y'igihe gito:

Nk'uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya VBI twavuze mbere, iyo uhindukije umutwe:

• Igikoresho cyo gukingira ijosi cyangwa ijosi.
• Imiti.
• Kubagwa, wenda ndetse no kubagwa uruti rw'umugongo mu buryo budakunze kugaragara, birashoboka.

Ni gute wagabanya ibyago byo kurwara VBI?

Ukurikije izi nama, ushobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara VBI:

• Kurya indyo yuzuye: Kurya imboga nyinshi, imbuto n'ibiribwa bikungahaye kuri fibre. Gabanya amavuta, isukari n'umunyu.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
• Kugenzura urugero rwa cholesterol.
• Niba ufite izindi ndwara, nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso cyangwa diyabete, zigenzure neza ukurikije inama za muganga.
• Kureka kunywa itabi.

Ibi bintu bifasha kwirinda VBI gusa, ahubwo no kwirinda izindi ndwara nyinshi.

Ubuzima bw'umuntu urwaye VBI bumeze bute? (Outlook)

Iteganyagihe ry'umuntu urwaye VBI riterwa n'ibintu byinshi:

• Uburyo imikorere y'ubwonko yahungabanye (ubukana bw'ibura ry'imitsi) .
• Niba warigeze kugira stroke mbere.
• Imyaka.
• Ese hari ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima?

Iyo VBI ibaye ikomeye, ishobora gutera ubumuga ndetse n'urupfu. Ariko, iyo imenyekanye hakiri kare kandi ikavurwa neza, umusaruro mwiza cyane ushobora kugerwaho.

Ese VBI ishobora gutera ingaruka z'igihe kirekire?

Abantu benshi bafite ibimenyetso byoroheje bashobora kwihanganira ibimenyetso byabo bakoresheje uburyo bwo guhindura imibereho yabo n'imiti. Ariko, iyo ibimenyetso bikomeye, bashobora gukenera amezi cyangwa imyaka yo kuvura indwara.

Zimwe mu ngorane (ibibazo) zishobora guterwa na VBI ni izi:

• Amaraso apfundika mu maguru - Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) .
• Kuziba kw'amaraso mu bihaha - Kuziba kw'amaraso mu bihaha .
• Kubura amazi mu mubiri no kugorwa no kumira.
• Kugorwa no guhumeka.
• Kurwara ubumuga cyangwa ibinya.
• Kubyimba igifu ( gastritis ).
• Indwara y'umutima ( indwara y'umutima) .
• Indwara zo mu bihaha.
• Ibikomere by'umuvuduko / ibisebe byo ku buriri.
• Igitero cy'indwara ya stroke cyangwa ischemic y'igihe gito (TIA) .
• Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba.

Ese VBI ishobora kongera kugaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Igipimo cyo kugaruka kwa VBI kiri hagati ya 10% na 15%. Ibi bivuze ko nubwo wakira, hari amahirwe ko izagaruka. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gukomeza gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe no kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Niba mfite VBI, nakwiyitaho nte?

Niba waranduye VBI, ni ngombwa kumenya ibintu bitandukanye bishobora kugufasha mu gihe cyo gukira. Ushobora gukenera ubufasha mu bintu nk'ibi:

• Imyitozo yo kuvura inkondo n'amara.
• Inama ku mirire.
• Kugenzura umutekano mu rugo.
• Kwigisha uburyo bwo gukora imirimo ya buri munsi.

Ubu bwoko bw'ubuvuzi bushobora kugufasha:

• Ubuvuzi bw'akazi: Kukwigisha uburyo bwo gukora imirimo ya buri munsi wenyine.
• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri: Bunongera uburyo umubiri ukora, imbaraga zawo, n'uburyo uhagaze neza.
• Ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga: Bufasha mu bibazo byo kuvuga no kumira.

Ushobora kandi gukenera ubufasha bw'umuforomo wo mu rugo kugira ngo akurikirane inzira yo gukira kwawe.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo: Ni iki twize kuri ibi?

Yego, rero, ikibazo cyo kubura ubushobozi bwo gukora neza kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko (VBI) twavuzeho uyu munsi.Ni indwara ituma amaraso anyura inyuma y'ubwonko. Ibi bishobora gutera ibimenyetso nko kuzungera, kunanirwa kugenzura umubiri, no kugorwa no kuvuga. Impamvu nyamukuru ni ukufunga imiyoboro y'amaraso bitewe n'ibinure byinshi (atherosclerosis).

Ntugahangayike! Akenshi, iyi ndwara ishobora kugenzurwa hakoreshejwe impinduka mu mibereho no gukoresha imiti. Hari n'abantu bashobora gukenera kubagwa.

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, ntukirengagize. Shaka muganga ako kanya kugira ngo akugire inama. Kubimenya hakiri kare bishobora kugufasha kubyivura byoroshye no gukumira indwara zikomeye.

Ibintu nk'ubuvuzi bw'akazi, ubuvuzi bw'umubiri, n'ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga bishobora kugufasha koroshya ubuzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Komeza ubuzima bwiza!

Kudakora neza kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko, VBI, Kubura amaraso mu bwonko, Kuzunguza, Kurema , TIA, Ateriosclerosis, Stroke