Impinduka mu ijwi? Wenda iki ni (Indwara y'Ijwi)! Tuganire?

Ese hari igihe wumva ijwi ryawe rihindutse, ijwi rituje, cyangwa ikibazo cyo kuvuga? Wenda hari ikintu cyagufashe mu muhogo, cyangwa wumva unaniwe iyo uvuga? Ibi bishobora kuba atari ibimenyetso by'ibicurane gusa. Bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by ' 'Indwara z'Ijwi' . Reka tubiganireho birambuye uyu munsi.

Indwara z'ijwi ni iki?

Mu magambo make, indwara z'ijwi ni ikintu cyose bigira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo kuvuga. Ibi bishobora guhindura ubwiza bw'ijwi ryawe, ijwi ryawe, cyangwa ijwi ryawe.

Tekereza, iyo tumenyereye kuvuga, ni ko bigenda. Iyo duhumeka, umwuka uva mu bihaha unyura mu muhogo (umuyoboro w'umuyaga) hejuru y'umuhogo ukagera mu muhogo . Mu muhogo wawe, hejuru y'umuhogo, hari imiyoboro ibiri y'ijwi . Iyo duhumeka, iyi miyoboro ibiri y'ijwi iba ifunguye. Ariko iyo tugerageje kuvuga, iyi miyoboro ibiri y'ijwi irahuzwa ikazunguruka uko umwuka uva mu bihaha unyura. Uko kunyeganyega niko gutuma ijwi ryacu rikora.

Ariko, ku muntu ufite ikibazo cy'ijwi, hari ikintu kibangamira iyi gahunda. Icyo gihe ijwi rivugwa mu buryo butandukanye.

Izi ndwara z'amajwi zishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi:

1. Indwara z'umubiri: Ibi bivuze ko hari ikibazo mu miterere y'imitsi yo mu kanwa, imitsi y'ijwi, cyangwa ibihaha. Urugero, gukura kudasanzwe mu kanwa.

2. Indwara z'imitsi: Iki ni igihe hari ingaruka ku mitsi igenzura imiyoboro y'amaraso. Tekereza, niba hari ibyangiritse ku mitsi igenzura ijwi ryacu, hashobora kubaho impinduka mu ijwi.

3. Indwara z'imikorere: Muri ibi, imiterere ikora ijwi, nk'imitsi yo mu kanwa, imitsi y'ijwi, n'ibihaha, ni ibisanzwe, ariko ntibishobora gukoreshwa neza. Ibi bikunze kubaho iyo imitsi y'imitsi y'ijwi igoranye kuyikoresha neza. Rimwe na rimwe, imihangayiko ikabije, amarangamutima, n'impinduka mu miterere y'imitekerereze yawe nabyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku ijwi ryawe.

Hari igihe ubwoko burenze bumwe muri ubu bushobora kubaho hamwe, bigatera ikibazo cy'ijwi. Urugero, ushobora kugira paralysis y'ijwi.Reka tuvuge ko hari. Ibyo bivuze ko gupfundika ijwi rimwe ridakora neza. Hanyuma irindi gupfundika ijwi, irindi ridakora neza, rishobora gukora cyane, rigatera gupfundika mu muhogo wawe. Iyi ni indwara y'imikorere. Cyangwa, gupfundika cyane mu muhogo (indwara y'imikorere) bishobora gutera ibibazo by'imiterere y'umubiri nk'udutsi dupfundika ijwi.

Indwara y'ijwi ishobora gutuma bikugora kuvugana n'abandi no kugaragaza uko wiyumva. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho yawe. Ariko ibuka ko hari uburyo bwo kuvura ibi.

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze gutera impinduka mu ijwi?

Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'indwara zishobora gutera impinduka mu ijwi. Dore zimwe muri zo:

• Laryngitis: Ibi ni ukubyimba k'imitsi y'ijwi ryawe. Akenshi, biba iby'igihe gito. Bishobora guterwa na allergie cyangwa indwara yo mu myanya yo hejuru y'ubuhumekero. Ibi nibyo bituma ijwi ryawe rirushaho gukara iyo urwaye ibicurane.
• Kubabara mu mitsi: Iki ni igihe imitsi iri mu gasanduku k'ijwi (larynx) iba ikomeye cyane. Iyi ndwara ishobora no kugira ingaruka ku mitsi yo mu ijosi ryawe, ku bitugu no ku mugongo wo hejuru. Ushobora kumva umeze nk'uri kubyimba mu gihe uvuga.
• Indwara ya Spasmodic Dysphonia / Laryngeal Dystonia: Iyi ni indwara y'imitsi. Itera gucika intege mu buryo butunguranye kw'imitsi y'ijwi. Ishobora gutuma ijwi ryawe ricika cyangwa rikumva rituje iyo uvuga.
• Ibisebe byo mu muyoboro w'ijwi: Ibi ni ibibyimba bitari kanseri (bitari byiza). Urugero, utubyimba, polyps, cyangwa cysts bishobora kwibasira imiyoboro y'ijwi. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku ijwi.
• Kurema k'umutsi w'ijwi: Iki ni cyo gihe imitsi y'ijwi ihagarika gukora neza, bigatuma utakaza ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imitsi yo mu maraso yawe.

Uretse ibi, hari n'indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero yo hejuru. Nubwo izi mpamvu zidafitanye isano itaziguye n'ikoreshwa ry'ijwi, zifitanye isano n'imitsi yo mu kanwa n'amajwi. Ni izi zikurikira:

• Inducible Laryngeal Obstruction (ILO): Ibi kandi byitwa Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion Disorder (PVFM). Cyangwa Indwara y'Umutima w'Amajwi.
• Guhagarika imikaya yo mu nda bitewe n'imyitozo ngororamubiri (EILO):

Niba ufite `ILO` cyangwa `EILO`, imitsi y'ijwi ryawe cyangwa izindi ngingo zo mu muhogo wawe zishobora kugenda nabi iyo uhumeka. Ibi bishobora gutuma bigorana guhumeka neza.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara y'ijwi?

Ibimenyetso by'indwara y'ijwi biratandukanye bitewe n'impamvu. Ijwi ryawe rishobora kumvikana gutya:

• Ijwi rikomeye kandi ritoroshye (`Rifite ipfundo`): Nk'aho umuhogo utoroshye iyo uvuga.
• Ishyushye cyangwa ishaje: Nk'amabyi.
• Ihumeka cyangwa umwuka: Ijwi ntirisobanutse neza, nk'aho ari umwuka gusa.
• Kumva ufite ibisebe mu muhogo, kumva utose (`Gurgly cyangwa utose`):
• Intege nke, ijwi ritoroshye, bigoye gusobanura: Ntishobora kuvuga cyane, isa n'aho ivuga buhoro.
• Ijwi riri hejuru cyane cyangwa hasi cyane:
• Kumva ijwi rirenga cyane cyangwa ryoroshye cyane:
• Kutangana cyangwa kujegajega, hamwe n'amajwi acikamo ibice cyangwa adafite aho ahuriye: Kudashobora kugumana ijwi rihamye mu gihe uvuga.

Byongeye kandi, ushobora kumva ububabare mu gihe uvuga, cyangwa ushobora kuba ugomba kwihata kugira ngo uvuge. Ushobora kumva nk'aho hari "ikibyimba mu muhogo wawe".

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera indwara z'amajwi?

Impamvu nyamukuru itera ibibazo by'ijwi ni ugukoresha ijwi ryawe cyane . Iyo uvuze cyane, uririmba, cyangwa uvuga cyane, ijwi ryawe rishobora kwangirika. Tekereza kuri ibi, kuko abantu nk'abarimu n'abaririmbyi bakoresha amajwi yabo igihe cyose, bashobora kurwara ibi bibazo. Urugero, hari umwarimu wo kuririmba ku ishuri ryacu wahoraga afite ibibazo by'ijwi kuko yari arambiwe kwigisha abana indirimbo umunsi wose.

Hari igihe izi ndwara ziterwa n'indwara z'igihe gito (zikomeye), nk'ibicurane, allergie, cyangwa indwara za sinus (sinusitis). Izi ndwara zitera kubyimba mu muhogo, bigahindura uburyo umwuka utembera. Iyo indwara irangiye, ijwi risubira kumera nk'uko bisanzwe mu minsi mike cyangwa ibyumweru bike.

Ariko, indwara zikomeye z'ijwi zibaho iyo hari ikibazo ku miterere, imitsi, cyangwa imitsi yo mu maraso, imitsi y'ijwi, cyangwa imitsi y'ijwi.

Ni nde ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara z'amajwi?

Indwara z'ijwi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku muntu uwo ari we wese, ariko hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago:

• Imyaka n'igitsina: Abagore barengeje imyaka 60 bari mu kaga gakomeye.
• Umwuga: Ku bakora akazi gasaba gukoresha amajwi menshi, nk'abarimu, abaririmbyi, n'abacuruza kuri telefoni. (Mu bushakashatsi bumwe bwakorewe ku barimu bagera ku 1.000, abarenga kimwe cya kabiri cyabo bari bafite ibibazo by'ijwi.)
• Imyitwarire: Ibintu nko kunywa inzoga, kunywa itabi.
• Kubaga:Niba warabazwe mu muhogo wawe (urugero: kubagwa tiroyide) cyangwa umuyoboro w'umwuka.
• Indwara z'imisemburo: Niba ufite indwara nka Diyabete Mellitus, Indwara ya Thyroid, cyangwa Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
• Izindi ndwara: Indwara z'imitsi, Indwara z'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri, Indwara yo kuzura mu gifu (GERD), Kuzura mu gifu (LPR), Kanseri yo mu gifu, Indwara zo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, cyangwa indwara zo gukoresha inzoga.

Ni gute wasuzuma indwara z'ijwi?

Umuganga wawe w’ibanze ashobora kuba ashobora gusuzuma ikibazo cy’ijwi. Cyangwa, ashobora kohereza kwa muganga w’indwara z’ururimi rw’imivugire (SLP) cyangwa muganga w’amatwi, amazuru n’umuhogo (laryngologist).

Aba baganga bazakubaza ibibazo bijyanye n'ibimenyetso byawe, amateka yawe y'ubuzima, n'uburyo izi mbogamizi mu ijwi ryawe zikugiraho ingaruka mu rugo, ku kazi no ku ishuri.

Muganga azagutega amatwi witonze mu gihe uvuga. Azareba isura yawe, umutwe wawe, ijosi ryawe n'umuhogo wawe mu gihe uvuga kandi uhumeka. Ashobora kukubwira kuvuga amagambo amwe, cyangwa gukomeza amajwi amwe igihe kirekire, cyangwa kuzamura cyangwa kumanura ijwi ryawe.

Niba ubonye ibimenyetso mu gihe ukora iyi myitozo - nko kubabara, gushwanyagurika mu muhogo, cyangwa guhumeka nabi - ntukibagirwe kubimenyesha muganga wawe.

Ni ibihe bipimo bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane iyi ndwara?

Kugira ngo urebe uburyo imitsi yo mu kanwa n'ijwi ryawe bikora neza, ushobora gukora ibizamini byo gufata amashusho nk'ibi bikurikira:

• Gupima imitsi yo mu muhogo: Ibi bikubiyemo gukoresha agakoresho gato kandi gafite kamera ifata amashusho kugira ngo harebwe imbere mu muhogo wawe. Muganga ashobora kandi gufata ingero (biopsy) mu mitsi y'ijwi kugira ngo arebe ko hari utubyimba (nodules), polyps, cyangwa cysts.
• Videostroboscopy: Iyi ikoresha umuyoboro (scope) ufatanye na kamera yihariye. Ishobora kureba imitsi y'ijwi ryawe igenda buhoro uko ukora ijwi. Ni nk'amashusho agenda buhoro.
• Electromyography y'imitsi yo mu kanwa (LEMG): Iyi electrode ikoresha electrode kugira ngo ipime ibimenyetso by'imitsi bikorwa iyo ukoresheje imitsi yo mu kanwa kawe.
• MRI cyangwa CT scan:Ibi bituma muganga afata amashusho arambuye y’imitsi y’ijwi n’imikaya yo mu nda. Ibi bituma muganga areba niba hari ibibyimba bidasanzwe.

Indwara z'amajwi zivurwa zite?

Indwara zimwe na zimwe z'amajwi y'igihe gito zishobora gukira ukoresheje uburyo bwo kuruhuka ijwi ryawe. Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kureka gusakuza, kuririmba, cyangwa kunanura ijwi ryawe mu minsi mike. Ushobora kandi kubwirwa kuvuga bike bishoboka.

Ubundi buryo bwo kuvura ni:

• Ubuvuzi bw'Ijwi: Abaganga b'indwara zo mu rurimi rw'imivugire (SLPs) bakwigisha ubuhanga n'imyitozo kugira ngo bagufashe gukoresha ijwi ryawe neza. Ibi bizagufasha kuvugana neza. Banakwigisha uburyo bwo kwita ku ijwi ryawe kugira ngo ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza bw'ijwi.
• Imiti: Niba ikibazo cy'ijwi ryawe giterwa na LPR (acid reflux) cyangwa GERD (acid reflux disease), imiti igabanya ubukana bwa proton pump (PPIs) cyangwa indi miti ishobora gufasha. Hari ibibazo by'ijwi bishobora gusaba steroid cyangwa antibiyotike.
• Uburyo bwo kwa muganga cyangwa kubagwa: Ushobora gukenera kubagwa kugira ngo ukureho igisebe ku mitsi y'ijwi ryawe. Ushobora gukenera guterwa inshinge za botulinum toxin kugira ngo worohereze imitsi ikomeye y'ijwi. Niba imitsi y'ijwi yawe yacitse intege, muganga wawe ashobora gutera inshinge kugira ngo azibe icyuho kiri hagati y'imitsi y'ijwi ryawe. Cyangwa, ushobora gukenera inshinge kugira ngo ifashe guhuza imitsi y'ijwi ryawe (yitwa medialization laryngoplasty).

Ese indwara z'amajwi zishobora kwirindwa?

Nubwo hari indwara zimwe na zimwe z'ijwi ziterwa no gukoresha cyane zishobora kwirindwa, nyinshi muri zo ziragoye kuzirinda. Ariko, ushobora kugabanya ibyago byawe witaye ku ijwi ryawe. Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora:

• Irinde kunywa itabi, ibiyobyabwenge byo kwidagadura, n'inzoga.
• Komeza unywe amazi menshi mu mitsi y'ijwi ryawe. (Iyo unyoye amazi, yinjizwa mu mubiri wawe kandi agafasha imitsi y'ijwi ryawe kunyererana byoroshye.)
• Fata ingamba zo kwirinda indwara ukora ibintu nko gukaraba intoki kenshi.
• Niba ufite akazi gasaba ijwi rinini, jya uruhuka buri gihe.
• Menya imipaka myiza yo gukoresha ijwi ryawe.

Niba ugomba kuvuga cyangwa kuririmba cyane, menyera umubiri wawe. Guhindura ingano y'ijwi mu buryo butunguranye, utiteguye neza, bishobora gutera umunaniro no gukomereka.

Ni iki kizere cy’abantu bafite iyi ndwara?

Indwara z'ijwi ziterwa no gukoresha cyane cyangwa indwara zikomeye akenshi ziba iz'igihe gito. Ntabwo zitera kwangirika burundu. Ariko, niba indwara y'ijwi ryawe igoye kurushaho, bishobora gusaba imbaraga nyinshi kugira ngo uvure cyangwa ucunge iyo ndwara. Ushobora gukenera kubagwa cyangwa gukorerwa ubuvuzi bw'ijwi. Ariko, abantu benshi batsinda ibibazo byabo by'ijwi binyuze mu kuvura.

Ni gute nakwiyitaho?

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwita ku ijwi ryawe ni ugukurikiza gahunda yawe yo kuvurwa. Ariko kandi, ni ngombwa kwita ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe. Iyo bigoye kuvuga, abantu bashobora kumva ko badashobora kugaragaza ibitekerezo byabo mu bwisanzure. Ku bana, ibi bishobora gutuma bumva badakwiye kwiyubaha. Gushyira imbaraga nyinshi kugira ngo ijwi ryabo riseruke bishobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye kandi bikabatera kwigunga.

Niba uhanganye n'ibi bibazo, vugana na muganga wawe. Mubaze amakuru ashobora kugufasha.

Ni ryari nkwiye gushaka inama kwa muganga?

Niba ubonye impinduka zidasobanutse mu ijwi ryawe ariko ntizikorwe neza nyuma y'ibyumweru bike, fata gahunda yo kubonana na muganga ako kanya. Kuvurwa hakiri kare bishobora gufasha gukumira ibimenyetso birushaho kwiyongera. Bishobora kandi gukumira kwangirika kw'imitsi y'ijwi ryawe igihe kirekire, akenshi bishobora gusaba ubuvuzi bukomeye, nko kubagwa.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga?

Dore ibibazo bimwe na bimwe ushobora kubaza muganga wawe:

• Ni iyihe myitwarire ngomba guhindura kugira ngo ijwi ryanjye rirusheho kuba ryiza?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubuvuzi nkeneye kandi bizamara igihe kingana iki?
• Ni ubwoko ki bw'abakora mu buvuzi nzakorana nabo?
• Ni ibihe bibazo by'uko amajwi yanjye ashobora gukira burundu?
• Ese wambwira uburyo bwo kumfasha guhangana n'ikibazo cy'ijwi?

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Indwara z'ijwi zishobora gutuma kuvugana n'abandi bigorana. Ariko iyo uvuwe neza, ushobora kunoza ubwiza bw'ijwi ryawe. Ibi bishobora kugufasha gutera intambwe imwe mu buryo bwo kumvikana n'abandi utiriwe ugabanya imbaraga z'ijwi ryawe.

Niba ubonye impinduka mu ijwi ryawe ikamara ibyumweru birenga bike, jya kwa muganga vuba. Ashobora gusuzuma impamvu no kuguha ubuvuzi ukeneye. Wibuke ko kuvurwa hakiri kare ari ingenzi cyane!

Indwara z'ijwi, imitsi y'ijwi, laryngitis, imyitozo ngororamubiri, ububabare mu muhogo, uburyo bwo kuvura imvugo