Une kenza pasi pehuro here? Ngatikurukurei nezve Hypopharyngeal Cancer!

Wakambozvibvunza here nezvegomarara repahuro ? Pamwe wakambozvibvunza. Nhasi tichataura nezvegomarara rinowanikwa pahuro, asi harinyanyi kutaurwa nezvaro. Iri rinonzi Hypopharyngeal Cancer . Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, rinokura muchikamu chezasi chehuro, ndiko kuti, muchikamu chezasi chehuro (`(Pharynx)`), kunyanya kuseri kwebhokisi rezwi (`(Larynx)`). Ngatitarisei izvi zvakadzama, handiti?

Gomarara iri rakajairika zvakadii?

Kutaura zvazviri, kenza iyi yemudumbu haina kuwanda. Ingofungai, kunyangwe munyika yakaita seAmerica, vanhu 2000 kusvika 4000 chete ndivo vanoonekwa vaine chirwere ichi pagore. Asi kana tikachienzanisa nechimwe chinhu chakaita sekenza yemapapu , nhamba iyoyo yakaderera zvikuru. Semuenzaniso, muna 2023 chete, zvinonzi vanhu vanopfuura mazana maviri ezviuru vakaonekwa vaine kenza yemapapu muAmerica. Saka izvi zvinoreva kuti iyi haiwanzoitiki, zvinoreva kuti haiwanzoonekwa.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvegomarara risingapindi muropa?

Dambudziko rimwe chete pano nderekuti kenza iyi ingasaratidze zviratidzo pakutanga . Dzimwe nguva kenza inogona kunge yapararira (yapararira) panguva iyo zviratidzo zvinoonekwa. Zvisinei, zviratidzo zvinoonekwa zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Huro inorwadza kana kunzwa chimwe chinhu chakanamira pahuro.
• Kushoshoma .
• Kuomerwa nekumedza chikafu .
• Kurwadziwa kwenzeve .
• Ma lymph nodes akazvimba mumutsipa .
• Kushaya mweya kana chimwe chinhu chakanamira pahuro pasina chikonzero chakajeka.
• Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya (` Kuneta` ).
• Kuchinja kwezwi .
• Kutadza kufema kana ruzha pakufema (`(Stridor)`).
• Kukosora ropa .
• Kuonda pasina chikonzero.

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti usatye kuti une kenza iyi nekuti une zviratidzo izvi. Nekuti zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuonekwawo mune zvimwe zvirwere zvidiki. Zvisinei, kana chimwe chezviratidzo izvi chikaramba chiripo kweanopfuura mavhiki maviri, kuchenjera kuona chiremba uye kutsvaga mazano.

Sei kenza ye hypopharyngeal ichikura?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kenza iyi inokura mumasero ari mukati mehuro yako (chikamu chehuro chako chiri pahuro pako). Masero aya anochinja-chinja ova kenza, achipatsanurana zvisingadzoreki uye achigadzira bundu. Nyanzvi hadzigoni kutaura kuti nei izvi zvichiitika. Zvisinei, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi zvinowedzera mikana yako yekubata kenza iyi. Izvi ndeizvi:

• Kusvuta: Ichi ndicho chinhu chikuru chinokonzera kenza yehuro, kusanganisira kenza yemudumbu. Izvi zvinosanganisira fodya, fodya yefodya, kusvuta nepaipi, kushandisa fodya yemagetsi (`(e-cigarettes)`), kutsenga fodya, kutsenga chingamu, uye kutsenga fodya.
• Kunwa doro kakawanda uye zvakanyanya: Kunwa doro kakawanda uye zvakanyanya kunotsanangurwa sekunwa doro rinodarika mayuniti maviri pazuva kuvarume uye rinodarika yuniti imwe pazuva kuvakadzi.
• HPV: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) chirwere chinotapuriranwa pabonde (STI). Chinogona kupararira kuburikidza nekuita zvepabonde nemuromo nemunhu ane hutachiona.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kuitika kubva muchirwere ichi?

Kenza yeHypopharyngeal inogona kupararira kusvika kuma lymph nodes ari mumutsipa ichiri kutanga. Ndosaka zvichikosha kutaura nachiremba kana ukaona bundu mumutsipa wako. Kana kenza iyi ikasarapwa, inogona kupararira kunzvimbo dzinotevera:

• Guro rako (`(Esophagus)`).
• Zvimwe zvikamu zvehuro.
• Gland reGyroid (`(Gyroid)`).
• Trachea (mushonga wemhepo).
• Pfupa reHyoid (`(Pfupa reHyoid)`).
• Rutivi rwechipfuva.
• Nyama yakakomberedza chikamu chepamusoro chemusana.
• Tsinga yeCarotid (`(tsinga yeCarotid)`).

Gomarara iri rinoonekwa sei?

Kana ukaona chiremba, achakubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako, kuti wava nenguva yakareba sei uchizvibata, uye kana uchishandisa fodya kana doro, sezvo zvinhu izvi zvichiwedzera njodzi yako yekubata kenza iyi.

Chiremba achakuongorora. Achabata mutsipa wako kuti aone kana lymph nodes dzako dzakazvimba, uye achaongorora pahuro pako.

Zvichienderana nezviratidzo zvako, chiremba wako anogona kukutumira kuna chiremba wenzeve, mhuno, nehuro (nyanzvi yeENT kana Otolaryngologist). Iye nyanzvi yekuongorora nekurapa zvirwere zvemusoro nemutsipa. Anogona kuraira bvunzo dzakadai se:

• Endoscopy: Mubvunzo uyu, chiremba anoisa chubhu refu, yakatetepa (endoscope) pasi pehuro kuti aongorore chikamu chepazasi chehuro yako. Bvunzo inonzi laryngoscopy inogonawo kuitwa kuti iongorore bhokisi renzwi (larynx).
• Kuongororwa kweBiopsy (`(Biopsy)`):Chiremba anogona kuraira kuti apihwe sampuli yenyama (FNA) kuti atore sampuli yenyama. Sampuro yenyama iyi inozoongororwa nemaikorosikopu nenyanzvi yezvirwere kuti vaone kana masero ekenza aripo.
• Kuongororwa kwemifananidzo: Kana biopsy ikaratidza kuti une kenza iri muropa, nyanzvi ye ENT ichakutumira kuna chiremba wekenza. Anogona kuraira kuongororwa kwemifananidzo kuti aone kana kenza yapararira kubva pasi pehuro kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira CT scan (Computed Tomography), MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), kana PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography).

Ngatidzidzeiwo nezvekuongororwa kwekenza uye mamakisi ayo.

Kuongororwa kwekenza inzira yekuti vanachiremba vekenza vataure zvakadzama nezvekenza. Semuenzaniso, kuti bundu riri kupi, kuti rakapararira here, uye kana zvakadaro, kuti kenza yakapararira kupi, kana kuti yapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Matanho ekenza ye hypopharyngeal anotangira padanho rekutanga - apo kenza inongogara pasi pehuro uye isina kupararira - kusvika padanho rechina. Danho rechina ndeapo kenza inopararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzehuro nemuromo, kumashure kwemhino (nasopharynx), pasi pedehenya, uye mukati mechipfuva.

Kenza yeHypopharyngeal inorongwawo zvichienderana negiredhi. Giredhi regonza rinobvumira vanachiremba vekenza kufanotaura kuti gonza richapararira nekukurumidza sei. Magiredhi aya anotangira paGX (gonza rine mukana mudiki wekupararira) kusvika kuG3 (gonza rinogona kupararira).

Ndezvipi zvinorapwa izvi?

Kurapa kunonyanya kushandiswa kuvhiyiwa kubvisa bundu uye kurapwa nemwaranzi kuuraya masero egomarara asara. Chiremba wako wegomarara anogonawo kusanganisa kuvhiyiwa nechemotherapy kana immunotherapy.

Heano mamwe maitiro ekuvhiya ekenza ye hypopharyngeal:

• Kuvhiyiwa kwechikamu kana kuti kwese kwepharyngectomy: Kuvhiyiwa uku kunobvisa pahuro pako pese kana chikamu charo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisirawo kuvhiyiwa kunonzi laryngectomy, kunobvisa voice box (larynx). Nekuti pahuro pako panokubatsira kufema, stoma, kana kuvhurika, kunogadzirwa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kuitira kuti chubhu yelaryngectomy igone kuiswa. Uchafema nepachubhu iyi mushure mekuvhiyiwa.
• Kuvhiyiwa kweLaryngectomy (`(Kuvhiyiwa kweLaryngectomy)`):Kana wakavhiyiwa laryngectomy, chiremba wako anogona kuita buri diki (tracheoesophageal puncture - TEP) pakati pemhepo yako (trachea) negurokuro rako (esophagus). Apa ndipo panoiswa chishongedzo chezwi (laryngectomy speaking device).
• Kuchekwa kwemutsipa: Chiremba anogona kuita izvi kubvisa ma lymph nodes ari mumutsipa.
• Kuvhiyiwa kwerobhoti reTransoral (TORS): Kuvhiyiwa uku kunobvumira vanachiremba kubvisa bundu rekenza munzvimbo dzakaoma kusvika, dzakadai sepazasi pehuro.
• Kuvhiyiwa kwekugadzirisa: Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kubvisa zvese kana chikamu chehuro kana bhokisi renzwi, kuvhiyiwa kwekugadzirisa kunogona kudiwa kuti udzorere mashandiro akaita sekudya, kufema, uye kugona kushandisa mudziyo wezwi.

Kuvhiyiwa kwegomarara repahuro kunogona kukanganisa kugona kwako kutaura, kudya, uye kufema. Usati wavhiyiwa, bvunza chiremba wako kuti kurapwa kwacho kuchakukanganisa sei. Semuenzaniso, unogona kushanda nenyanzvi yekutaura-mutauro (Speech-language pathologist) kuti udzidze nzira dzekugadzirisa matambudziko ekutaura kana kumedza angamuka kubva pakuvhiyiwa.

Pane nzira yekudzivirira gomarara iri here?

Kunyangwe zvisingagone kudzivirirwa zvachose, pane zvinhu zvaunogona kuita kuti uderedze njodzi yako yekubatwa nekenza ye hypopharyngeal:

• Kurega kushandisa fodya zvachose uye kudzivirira kusvuta fodya kubva kune vamwe vanhu.
• Kurega kushandisa doro kana kuderedza huwandu hwedoro raunonwa.
• Zvidzivirire kubva kuhutachiona hweHPV nekubaiwa majekiseni ekudzivirira hutachiona hweHPV uye kuita bonde rakachengeteka.

Chii chandinofanira kutarisira kana ndine chirwere ichi?

Kenza yeHypopharyngeal inogona kudzoka (kudzoka) mushure mekurapwa. Izvi zvinowedzerawo njodzi yekuva nerudzi rutsva rwekenza kune imwe nzvimbo mumuviri. Vanachiremba vanoti iyi "kenza yechipiri."

Saka, muchafanira kugara muchitevera nguva nenguva kuti mubatsire timu yenyu yekutarisira kenza kuti iongorore hutano hwenyu uye kuti ione kana paine zviratidzo zvekudzokera shure, kupararira (metastatic) kenza ye hypopharyngeal, kana kenza yechipiri. Kutevera uku kunogona kusanganisira bvunzo dzemifananidzo uye kuongororwa kwemuviri. Kusangana uku kunogona kurongwa seizvi:

• Mwedzi miviri yega yega mugore rekutanga mushure mekurapwa.
• Mwedzi mina yega yega mugore rechipiri .
• Mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega mugore rechitatu .
• Kamwe chete pagore mugore rechina nerechishanu .
• Mune zvimwe zviitiko, timu yenyu yekurapa kenza inogona kukurudzira kuti mutevere kurapwa kwehupenyu hwese .

Ndezvipi zviyero zvekupona?

Pakufunga nezvehuwandu hwevanhu vanorarama, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti idzi ingori fungidziro dzakabva pane zvakaitika kune vamwe vakambova nekenza ye hypopharyngeal. Huwandu uhwu hunosiyana zvikuru zvichienderana nekuti kenza iri panzvimbo imwe chete payakatanga, yakapararira kumatishu ari pedyo uye kuma lymph nodes ('regional'), kana kuti yakapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri ('kure').

Uyewo, mwero uyu unogona kusiyana zvichienderana nehutano hwako hwese nezvimwe zvinhu. Bvunza chiremba wako wekenza kuti akutsanangurire kuti mwero uyu wekurarama unoshanda sei mumamiriro ako ezvinhu. Iye anoziva iwe nehutano hwako hwese, saka ndiye akanakisa kuwana ruzivo.

Izvi zvinogona kurapwa zvachose here?

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kenza yemudumbu inogona kurapwa nekuvhiyiwa uye nedzimwe nzira dzekurapa. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kana bundu iri riri pasi pemasendimita maviri uye risati rapararira. Zvisinei, zvinosuwisa kuti vanhu vazhinji vane kenza iyi vanoonekwa kana chirwere ichi chave padanho repamusoro.

Ndinozvitarisira sei?

Kana wakambovhiyiwa pahuro, uchafanira kudzidza nzira itsva dzekufema nekutaura. Zvinogona kuva shanduko huru yekugadzirisa. Saka, usambozeza kukumbira rubatsiro kubva kuna chiremba wemutauro wekutaura. Vanogona kunge vaine mazano ekubatsira vanhu vari kupora kubva pakuvhiyiwa pahuro.

Heano dzimwe nzira dzaunogona kuzvitarisira nadzo:

• Funga nezvekupona kwekenza. Kenza ye hypopharyngeal inogona kudzoka, kana kuti kenza yechipiri inogona kutanga. Unganzwa uchinetseka nezveramangwana. Mapurogiramu mazhinji ekupora kenza anosanganisira rutsigiro rwehutano hwepfungwa.
• Ramba uchidzivisa kushandisa fodya uye deredza kunwa kwako doro.
• Idya zvakanaka. Kuvhiyiwa kwehuro kunogona kukanganisa kugona kwako kudya nekunwa. Bvunza nyanzvi yezvekudya (nyanzvi yezvekudya) kuti uwane mazano ekudya uye mazano. Bvunza nyanzvi yekutaura nemitauro nezvenzira dzekugadzirisa matambudziko angakanganisa kudya zvakanaka.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Zvinoenderana nemamiriro ako ezvinhu uye marapirwo aunoita. Bvunza timu yako yekutarisira kenza kuti ndeapi zviratidzo kana matambudziko aunogona kutarisira, uye kuti unofanira kuvabata riini.

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba we oncologist?

Paunoona chiremba wako, zvakakosha kubvunza mibvunzo yakaita seiyi:

• Danho regomarara rangu nderei?
• Ndedzipi nzira dzekurapa dzamunokurudzira?
• Kana ndikavhiyiwa, ndeapi mapurogiramu ekutsigira aripo kuti andibatsire kugadzirisa shanduko dzingangokonzerwa nekuvhiyiwa uku?
• Kurapwa kuchakanganisa sei hupenyu hwangu?
• Pane here miedzo yekiriniki yandinokodzera?

Zvinhu zvekurangarira muchidimbu

Kenza yeHypopharyngeal chirwere chinouraya. Zvinosuwisa kuti inowanzoonekwa mushure mekunge kenza yapararira. Panyaya iyi, ungangofanira kuvhiyiwa zvakanyanya wobva wachinja mararamiro ako zvakanyanya wogara pasi pekutarisirwa nachiremba kweupenyu hwako hwese.

Kana uine kenza iyi, uchafara kuziva kuti munhu wese ari muchikwata chako chekuchengetedza kenza akazvipira kukubatsira. Vachakubatsira kunzwisisa kuongororwa kwako uye nzira dzekurapa. Vachakutsigirawo sezvaunodzidza kurarama nekuchinja kunogona kuunzwa nekurapwa kwekenza. Usambozeza kukumbira rubatsiro rwavo. Zvakanaka nguva dzose kutsvaga mazano echiremba kana uine pahuro panorwadza, uchinetseka kumedza, kana kuti izwi rako richichinja kwenguva inopfuura mavhiki maviri.