Chii chinonzi intersex? Ngatitaurei nezvazvo zviri nyore!

Ungave wakambonzwa kana kuti usina kunzwa izwi rekuti 'Intersex'. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, zvinoreva kuti nhengo dzekubereka dzemunhu kana hunhu hwepabonde hazvienderane zvakanaka nemapoka evanhurume kana vakadzi. Izvi zvingaita senyaya yakaoma, asi musazvidya mwoyo , tichazviparadzanisa mumashoko akareruka amunonzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi intersex?

Funga nezvazvo, tese tinowanzo funga kuti tinozvarwa tiri musikana kana mukomana. Zvisinei, kana tiri pakati pebonde, hunhu hwebonde hwemuviri wemunhu, kureva nhengo dzekubereka, machromosome, mahormone, nezvimwewo, hazvisi zveboka iri rakajeka remurume nemukadzi. Dzimwe nguva hunhu uhwu hunogona kuonekwa pakuzvarwa. Asi kune vamwe vanhu, hunogona kuonekwa panguva yekuyaruka kana kunyange gare gare, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange pakukura. Chinhu chinoshamisa ndechekuti, dzimwe nguva haugone kuona chero chinhu kubva kunze. Dzimwe nguva unongoziva nezveizvi panguva yekuvhiyiwa kana imwe mhando yekuedzwa kwemifananidzo.

Ichi chirwere here? Kana kuti chirwere?

Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti ichi chirwere kana mamiriro ezvinhu. Asi kutaura chokwadi, Intersex hachisi chirwere, chirwere, kana chero rudzi rwe "mamiriro ezvinhu" asina kujairika. Kare, yainzi 'Disorder of Sex Development' (DSD), zvinoreva 'chirwere chekukura pabonde'. Uchiri kuona ichinzi saizvozvo mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Asi ikozvino vanachiremba nevaya vane ruzivo nezvenyaya iyi vanoti Intersex haisi 'chirwere' chakadaro, asi kuti kuchinja kwepabonde kwevanhu . Saka, kuva nechirwere cheIntersex hazvirevi kuti unoda kurapwa kwakakosha.

Ndezvipi zvikamu zvemuviri zvinogona kukanganiswa nemamiriro epabonde pakati pevarume nevakadzi?

Dambudziko iri rinogona kukanganisa nhengo dzakasiyana dzemuviri wako, kunyanya:

• Nhengo dzepabonde: Kureva, nhengo dzepabonde dzekunze dzemurume kana mukadzi.
• Machromosome: Zvinhu zvidiki zviri mumasero edu ese zvine ruzivo rwemajini edu.
• Mahormone: Semakemikari anotungamira mabasa akasiyana-siyana mumuviri.
• Sisitimu yekubereka: Sisitimu yenhengo dzinobatsira pakubereka vana.
• Magonadhi: Aya ndiwo maovari muvakadzi kana machende muvarume.

Vanhurume nevanhukadzi (intersex) vakawanda sei?

Ungafunga kuti ichi chinhu chisingawanzoitiki, chinhu chausingawanzoona. Asi hachisi. MuUnited States, zvinofungidzirwa kuti munhu mumwe chete pavanhu zana vane hunhu hwepabonde repakati nepakati. Pasi rose, vanhu vanosvika 2% vane hunhu hwepabonde repakati nepakati.Hunhu hwepabonde hwevarume nevakadzi hunonzi huripo. Saka, izvi hazvisi zvisinganyanyi kuitika sezvatinofunga, handiti?

Chii chinokonzera izvi?

Hapana chikonzero chimwe chete chaicho chinoita kuti pave nepabonde repakati pebonde. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvakaoma kutaura kuti nei izvi zvichiitika. Asi masayendisiti nevanachiremba vanotenda kuti pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinogona kunge zviripo.

Hunhu hwepabonde hwepakati pebonde hunogona kupfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe (hwakagarwa nhaka nemajini). Funga nezvazvo, humwe hunhu mumhuri dzedu (sekureba, ruvara rweganda) hunopfuudzwa kuburikidza nemajini, ndizvo zvazviri. Asi izvi zvakaoma zvishoma.

Dzimwe nguva, zvinogona kukonzerwa nekuchinja kwemahormone panguva yekukura kwemwana ari mudumbu, kutanga kwekukura kwemwana mudumbu . Kunogona kunge kuri kuchinja kwemazinga emahormone echisikigo aamai, kana kuti kungave mhedzisiro yemahormone ekugadzira anobva kumushonga wekunze.

Pamusoro pe:

• Kuchinja kuri mujini (receptor gene) kune chekuita nehormone inonzi androgen: Androgen ihormone inonyanya kubatsira mukukura kwehunhu hwevarume. Kuti iyi hormone ikwanise kukanganisa masero emuviri, masero iwayo anofanira kunge aine 'receptor' inoenderana nayo. Kana paine shanduko mujini inogadzira iyi receptor, kunyangwe androgen hormone iripo, muviri haugone kuishandisa nemazvo.
• Chikamu chisipo kana kuti chisina kuiswa panzvimbo yachinotsaura jini reY (SRY): Jini reSRY, iro rinowanzo kuwanikwa pachromosome yeY, ndiro rinoita kuti hunhu hwevarume huvepo. Kana paine dambudziko nejini iri, kukura kwepabonde kunogona kuchinjwa.
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvemajini zvinogona kukonzera huwandu husina kujairika hwemahormone hunokanganisa kukura kwenhengo dzepabonde: Zvimwe zvinokonzera majini zvinogona kusanganisira kusakwana kwekugadzirwa kwemahormone anodiwa pakukura kwepabonde, kana kuti kugadzirwa kwakawandisa kwemahormone mamwe.

Ko kuva nemurume nemukadzi panguva imwe chete kunozviratidza sei mumuviri wangu?

Intersex chirwere chakasiyana chinozviratidza zvakasiyana pamunhu wega wega. Kungofanana neminwe yedu, ruzivo rwemunhu wese nezve intersex rwakasiyana. Masayendisiti anoti kune nzira dzinosvika makumi mana dzakasiyana dzinogona kuratidzwa nadzo hunhu uhwu. Saka, hazvigoneke kuzviisa muchikamu chimwe chete: 'Izvi ndizvo zvinoreva intersex.'

Zvisinei, ngatitaurei nezvezvimwe zvezviratidzo zvakajairika:

• Kusiyana kweChromosome: Tose tine machromosome mukati memasero emuviri wedu. Aya ndiwo anotakura ruzivo rwemajini edu. Kazhinji, mukadzi ane machromosome eXX uye murume ane machromosome eXY. Izvi zvinogona kusiyana kune munhu ane hunhu hwepabonde hwepakati.
• Semuenzaniso, vamwe vanhu vanogona kunge vaine chimiro chechromosome cheXXY (Klinefelter syndrome) .
• Vamwe vane X chromosome imwe chete (XO - Turner syndrome).(Izvi zvinokanganisawo avo vanoonekwa sevakadzi, asi zvinogonawo kuratidza hunhu hwepakati pebonde).
• Dzimwe nguva, mamwe masero mumuviri anogona kuva nema chromosomes eXX uye mamwe masero ane ma chromosomes eXY. Izvi zvinonzi 'mosaicism' .
• Kunogona kuva nemamwe marudzi akawanda emusanganiswa wemakromosomu akadai. Kuchinja kwemakromosomu uku kunogona kukanganisa huwandu hwemahormone emuviri uye kukura kwenhengo dzepabonde.
• Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvenhengo dzemuviri dzekunze nedzemukati:
• Vamwe vanhu vane nhengo dzepabonde dzakasiyana vanogona kutaridzika sevakadzi kunze, asi vane nhengo dzepabonde dzevarume, dzakadai semachende, mukati. Kana kuti, vanogona kunge vaine nhengo dzepabonde dzevarume kunze, asi vane nhengo dzepabonde dzevakadzi, dzakadai semazai kana chibereko, mukati.
• Mune dzimwe, zvese zviri zviviri zvinyama zvemazai nenyama yemazamu zvinogona kunge zviripo, zvichida zvakabatana pamwe chete kuti zvigadzire 'maovotestes' .
• Nhengo dzekunze dzenhengo dzesikarudzi dzinogona kunge dzisinganzwisisike , dzisiri dzechirume kana dzechikadzi. Semuenzaniso, panogona kunge paine clitoris yakakura kupfuura yakajairika kana diki pane yakajairika nhengo yemurume. Kana kuti, nzvimbo yemuromo wenhengo yesikarudzi inogona kunge yakasiyana.
• Nekuda kwekusiyana uku, dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuoma kuziva pakarepo kuti mwana anozvarwa riini, 'Musikana here?'

Kuva nebonde pakati pebonde kunokanganisa here mafungiro angu panyaya dzebonde?

Uyu mubvunzo unobvunzwa nevanhu vazhinji. Kuva munhu ane hukama hwepabonde hwepakati nepakati hakunei nekuti unonyanya kuda zvepabonde here. Kuva munhu ane hukama hwepabonde hwepakati nepakati hakukanganisi kana uchikwezvwa nevanhu vepabonde rakasiyana (zvakananga), ngochani/ngochani, vanhu vane hukama hwepabonde hwepakati nepakati, vanhu vasina hukama hwepabonde, kana kuti vane imwe nzira yepabonde. Munhu ane hukama hwepabonde hwepakati nepakati anogona kuva chero munhu ane hukama hwepabonde hwepakati nepakati.

Munhu ane nhengo dzepabonde dzakasiyana-siyana imhuka inorara yoga here?

" Kwete, kwete zvachose. Izwi rekuti 'hermaphrodite' harisipo zvachose muvanhu. Ishoko rekare, risiri iro. Rinoreva kuti mumwe munhu murume zvachose uye mukadzi zvachose panguva imwe chete. Izvozvo hazvigoneke muvanhu. Kutaura zvazviri, vanhu vazhinji munharaunda yevanhu vane hukama hwepabonde ...

Vanhu vane nhengo dzepabonde dzinonzi intersex vanoda kuvhiyiwa here kana kurapwa?

"Kana uri wepabonde repakati, kazhinji haudi kuvhiyiwa."– Chero bedzi uchida. Zvisinei, kare, vana vanozvarwa vane hunhu hwepakati pebonde vaivhiyiwa kuti nhengo dzavo dzepabonde dzienderane nebonde ravakapihwa pakuzvarwa, kana kuti vabvise nhengo dzekubereka nadzo (dzakadai senyama yegonadal) dzaisaenderana. Kuvhiyiwa uku kwaiwanzoitwa mwana asati asvika makore maviri. Panguva iyoyo, vanachiremba nevabereki vaifunga kuti zvaive zvakanaka kune ramangwana remwana.

Zvisinei, munguva pfupi yapfuura, nhengo dzenharaunda dzevechidiki nevanorwira kodzero dzevanhukadzi vanga vachiramba kuvhiyiwa uku. Vanoti hakuna basa nekuti kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro emwana pabonde, kubereka, uye hutano hwepfungwa. Vanoti vabereki vanofanira kubvumira vana kuti vasarudze nezvemiviri yavo, kusanganisira kana vachida kuvhiyiwa uye rudzii rwekurapwa kwavanoda, kusvika vakura zvakakwana kuti vanzwisise .

Masangano mazhinji ekurapa epasi rose, akadai seAmerican Academy of Family Physicians, anotsigira kodzero yevanhu vane nhengo dzepabonde dzakasiyana-siyana yekuita sarudzo pamusoro pemiviri yavo. Izvi zvinoreva kumirira kusvika vakura zvakakwana kuti vape mvumo . Kureva kuti, kubvumira munhu wacho kunzwisisa zvizere mamiriro ake ezvinhu, zvakanakira nezvakaipira zvekuvhiyiwa, uye kuita sarudzo dzake pachake nezvazvo.

Ndeipi njodzi dzekuvhiyiwa kwepabonde pakati pevakadzi nevarume?

"Kuvhiyiwa kwakadai, kunyanya uko kunoitwa pazera diki, kunogona kuva nenjodzi dzakati wandei. Dzimwe dzacho ndedzinotevera:

• Kusanzwa zvakanaka pabonde uye kushanda zvakanaka: Kuvhiyiwa kunogona kukuvadza tsinga.
• Kusabereka: Kunokonzerwa nekubviswa kana kukuvara kwenhengo dzekubereka.
• Mavanga: Anogona kukanganisa muviri nepfungwa.
• Kutadza kudzora weti kana kuoma kuita weti.
• Kuwanikwa kwezvirwere zvemunzira yeweti (UTIs) kakawanda.
• Migumisiro yepfungwa: Kunetseka nehasha zvinokonzerwa nekusakwanisa kuita sarudzo pamusoro pemuviri wako.

Ndosaka, kunze kwekunge paine chikonzero chekukurumidzira chekurapa, vanhu vazhinji vava kuti vambomira kuvhiyiwa kwakadaro kusvika munhu wacho akura zvakakwana kuti anzwisise.

Pane zvimwe zvinetso zvehutano zvine chekuita nekuva pakati pevanhurume nevanhukadzi here?

"Kazhinji, vanhu vane intersex vanenge vaine hutano hwakanaka. Zvisinei, kashoma, kune mamwe matambudziko ehutano anogona kusanganiswa nechirwere che intersex:

• Matambudziko emapfupa, akadai se osteopenia uye osteoporosis - izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa nekusawirirana kwemahormone.
• Pane mukana mudiki wekubatwa negomarara remhando dzakasiyana (kunyanya kana paine masero emudumbu asina kukura zvakanaka mumuviri).
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvine chekuita nemahormone, semuenzaniso 'Congenital adrenal hyperplasia' kana 'Androgen insensitivity syndrome'.
• Paburi remuuro riri kudivi risiri renhengo yemurume (Hypospadias) kana kuti hapana paburi remuuro.
• Klinefelter syndrome - chirwere chinokonzerwa nevarume vane chromosome X yakawedzerwa.
• Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome - Chibereko nemukadzi hazvikure sezvaitarisirwa.
• Swyer syndrome - kutadza kugadzira ma "sex glands".

"Asi yeukai, hazvisi zvirwere zvose izvi zvinobata vanhu vese vane nhengo dzepabonde dzakasiyana. Izvi hazviwanzoitiki. Uye, kana zvirwere izvi zviripo, zvinogona kurapwa."

Ndingaziva sei kana ndiri munhukadzi kana kuti murume kana mukadzi?

"Kana wakazvarwa uine musiyano wakasiyana pakati penhengo dzako dzepabonde, ungasaziva kuti uri murume kana mukadzi. Ungasazviziva muhupenyu hwako. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva muhupenyu hwako unogona kusangana nezvinhu zvakaita se:

• Kusayaruka panguva yakatarwa. Semuenzaniso, musikana asiri kutanga kuenda kumwedzi panguva yakatarwa, kana mukomana asiri kuratidza zviratidzo zvakaita sekurira kwenzwi kana kukura kwendebvu.
• Munguva yekuyaruka, pane shanduko dzinoitika dzisingaenderane nebonde rako rakanyoreswa. Semuenzaniso, kukura kwemazamu emukomana, kana kudzika kwezwi remusikana, kana kukura kwebvudzi remuviri zvakanyanya.
• Kuomerwa nekubata pamuviri (kusabereka). Dzimwe nguva, vanhu vanongoona kuti vane pabonde repakati pavanenge vachiedza kuva nemwana.

"Kana ukasangana nechinhu chakadai, chinhu chakanakisa chekuita kuona chiremba wowana mazano. Vanogona kuita bvunzo dzinodiwa uye kukupa kunzwisisa kwakajeka kweizvi."

Kuva nemurume nemukadzi kunokanganisa kubereka here?

"Kana uri wepabonde repakati nepakati, kana uchikwanisa kuva nemwana zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei. Zvinoenderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo epabonde repakati nepakati, kukura kwenhengo yako yekubereka, nezvimwewo. Vamwe vanhu vepabonde repakati nepakati vanogona kuva nevana nenzira yechisikigo. Kune vamwe, zvinogona kuoma."

Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji vane hunhu hwepabonde hwepakati vanokwanisa kutungamira mhuri nekurera vana.Izvi zvingada kushandiswa kweAssisted Reproductive Technology (ART). Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira nzira dzakadai sekuberekesa mwana ari mudumbu (IVF), kushandisa mazai anopiwa, mbeu yemurume kana kuti mazai emudumbu, kana kushandisa mumwe munhu anobereka mwana ari mudumbu.

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, kana uchida kutora mwana wemwana wevabereki vako, taura nachiremba nezvazvo wobva waziva kuti ndeapi mamwe maitiro aungaite.

Chinhu chikuru: rutsigiro uye kunzwisisa

"Kuva munhu ane hukama hwepabonde hwepabonde, kunyanya paunotanga kuziva nezvazvo, kunogona kuva mibvunzo yakawanda. Unganzwa kutya, kunetseka, kana kusurukirwa. Vanhu vane hukama hwepabonde hwepabonde vanogona kunzwa sevasina basa nechitarisiko chavo kana kuti vanoomerwa nekukwana nevamwe vavo. Kubatana nevamwe vanonzwisisa matambudziko aya kunogona kubatsira zvikuru."

Zvinofadza kunzwa sekuti une munhu anokunzwisisa uye anokuteerera. Saka, taura nachiremba wako uye uwane ruzivo nezvemapoka ekutsigirana nezvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kubatsira vanhu vakaita sewe. Unogona zvakare kuwana ruzivo nemapoka ekutsigirana online.

"Yeuka, hausi wega. Kune vanhu vazhinji vanonzwisisa mamiriro ezvinhu aya uye vanogona kukutsigira. Zvakakosha kutaura nemumwe munhu waunovimba naye nezvemanzwiro ako."

Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba

"Saka, hezvino zvimwe zvezvinhu zvakakosha zvaunofanira kuyeuka kubva pane zvatataura nezvazvo:

• Kusangana pabonde nevanhukadzi hakusi chirwere. Inyaya yechisikigo inongoitika pakuita zvepabonde kwevanhu.
• Dambudziko iri rinogona kukanganisa zvinhu zvakaita senhengo dzepabonde, machromosome, uye mahormone.
• Hunhu hwepabonde pakati pevarume nevakadzi hunogona kuoneka pakuzvarwa, panguva yekuyaruka, kana gare gare. Hunogona kusaonekwa nenyika yekunze.
• Usashandise izwi rekuti 'hermaphrodite'. Hazvina kunaka uye zvinogumbura. Izwi rakakodzera ndiIntersex.
• Kune gakava guru pamusoro pekuvhiyiwa kwevana vane pabonde rakasiyana. Kune pfungwa yakasimba yekuti kunze kwekunge paine chikonzero chekukurumidzira chekurapa, zvakanaka kumirira kusvika mwana akura zvakakwana kuti ape mvumo yekuziva .
• Vanhu vazhinji vepabonde repakati nepakati vanorarama hupenyu hune hutano, hunofadza, uye vanokwanisa kuva nemhuri nekurera vana.
• " Kana muine mibvunzo nezvenyaya iyi, musazvibvunza mega. Taurai nachiremba akavimbika, mupi wezano, kana boka rekutsigirana revanhukadzi nevanhurume. Kana muchida rubatsiro, musatya kukumbira rubatsiro."

` Vanhurume nevanhukadzi, kukura pabonde, hutano hwekubereka, machromosomes, mahormone, kuzivikanwa kwepabonde, DSD