Ngatidzidzei zvese nezve Pituitary Gland: "mukuru" mudiki wemuviri wako!

Wakambofunga here kuti katsinga kadiki mumuviri wako, semuinjini wemotokari, kanodzora muviri wako wese? Hazvishamisi here? Katsinga kadiki aka, kadiki sepizi, kari pasi pehuropi hwedu, kanoita zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoshamisa, kanonzi pituitary gland . Ngatitaurei nezve 'boss' uyu mudiki nhasi, handiti?

Chii chinonzi pituitary gland? Chiri kupi?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, pituitary gland yako igland diki rakakura sepizi, riri pasi pehuropi hwako, pasi peimwe chikamu chakakosha chinonzi hypothalamus . Iri mukamuri diki, rakachengetedzwa pasi pehuropi hwako. Tinodana iyi kamuri kuti Sella Turcica . Ichi chikamu chehurongwa hwako hwe endocrine . Inogadzira mhando dzakasiyana dzemahormone akakosha kumiviri yedu, uye inoudza mamwe ma endocrine gland kuti aburitse mahormone aya. Idiki, asi inoita basa guru, handiti?

Zvino pamwe uri kushamisika kuti gland chii uye mahormone chii.

Gland inhengo inoburitsa chimwe chinhu kana kupfuura, zvakaita semahormone, muto wekugaya, ziya, uye misodzi. Gland re endocrine rinoburitsa mahormone zvakananga muropa.

Mahormone akafanana nevatumwa vemakemikari vanotungamira mashandiro emiviri yedu. Anofamba nemuropa uye anotakura mashoko kunhengo dzemuviri, ganda, tsandanyama, nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Mashoko aya anoudza muviri zvekuita uye nguva yekuzviita.

Gland rako repituitary rakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri zvikuru: anterior pituitary ( front lobe) uye posterior pituitary ( back lobe). Gland iri rakabatana nehypothalamus nedzinde diki retsinga dzeropa netsinga dzinonzi pituitary stalk kana kuti infundibulum .

Ndeapi mahormone anonyanya kukosha anogadzirwa negland repituitary?

Ngationei kuti mahormone api akakosha anobva mugland diki iri.

Mahormone anobva kuAnterior Lobe

Chikamu ichi chinoburitsa uye chinoburitsa mahormone akawanda akakosha muropa.

• Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) kana kuti corticotrophin: Izvi zvinokanganisa maitiro anoita miviri yedu kushushikana . Zvinokurudzira adrenal glands kuti igadzire "stress hormone" cortisol . Cortisol ine mabasa akawanda. Semuenzaniso, inodzora metabolism , inochengetedza BP , inodzora huwandu hweshuga muropa , uye inoderedza kuzvimba .
• Homoni inokurudzira follicle (FSH):Kana uri murume, FSH inokurudzira kugadzirwa kwembeu. Kana uri mukadzi, FSH inokurudzira mazai kuti agadzire estrogen , iyo inobatsirawo mazai kuti akure. Inonziwo gonadotrophic hormone .
• Homoni yekukura (GH): Izvi zvinobatsira vana kukura, zvichireva kuti vanokura vakareba. Muvanhu vakuru, zvinobatsira kuchengetedza tsandanyama nemapfupa zvine hutano uye kudzora kuchengetwa kwemafuta. GH inokanganisawo metabolism yako (nzira yaunoshandura chikafu chaunodya kuita simba).
• Homoni yeLuteinizing (LH): Inokurudzira ovulation kana uine maovari, uye inokurudzira kugadzirwa kwetestosterone kana uine machende. LH ihomoni yegonadotrophic zvakare nekuti inodzora mashandiro emaovari nemachende (anonziwo gonads ).
• Prolactin: Izvi zvinokurudzira kuyamwisa mushure mekusununguka. Zvinogonawo kukanganisa kubereka uye mashandiro epabonde muvanhu vakuru.
• Homoni inokurudzira thyroid (TSH): TSH inokurudzira thyroid gland yako kuti igadzire mahormone ethyroid, ayo anobatsira kudzora metabolism yako, simba, uye tsinga .

Mahormone anobva kuPosterior Lobe

Chikamu ichi hachiburitse mahormone, asi mahormone maviri anogadzirwa nehypothalamus anochengetwa pano uye anoburitswa muropa kana zvichidikanwa.

• Homoni inorwisa diuretic (ADH) kana kuti vasopressin: Homoni iyi inoenzanisa huwandu hwemvura nesodium mumuviri wako.
• Oxytocin: Oxytocin inogadzirwa nehypothalamus uye inochengetwa uye inoburitswa nepituitary gland. Inobatsira kuti chibereko chive nyore nekutumira zviratidzo kuchibereko kuti zviome panguva yekusununguka. Inobatsirawo kukurudzira kudonhedzwa kwemukaka uye kukurudzira kubatana pakati pevabereki nevana. Oxytocin inoitawo basa mukufamba kwembeu.

Ndeapi mabasa makuru egland repituitary?

Pamwe wava kunzwisisa kukosha kwegland diki iri. Heano mamwe emabasa aro makuru:

• Kukura
• Metabolism (ndiko kuti, maitiro aunoita kuti chikafu chaunodya chive simba uye ugone kushandisa simba iroro)
• Kubereka
• Kupindura kushushikana kana kukuvara kwemuviri
• Kuyamwisa
• Mvura uye sodium (munyu) zvakaenzana
• Kuzvara uye kubereka mwana

Fungidzira thermostat iri mumba mako.Zvakafanana neizvi. Thermostat inogara ichitarisa tembiricha mumba mako uye inoshanda kuti ugare wakasununguka, handiti? Inotumira zviratidzo kuhita nekombuta kuti zviwedzere kana kuderedza tembiricha nehuwandu uhu, kuti tembiricha irambe iri mumba mako padanho rakati.

Gland rako repituitary rakafanana newe, richitarisa mashandiro emuviri wako. Gland repituitary rinotumira mameseji kunhengo dzako nemasero kuburikidza nemahormone aro, richiti, 'Hezvino zvaunoda kuita, panguva ino.' Kuti mamiriro api akakodzera muviri wako anoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita sezera rako uye murume kana mukadzi.

Chii chiri hukama huripo pakati pe hypothalamus ne pituitary gland?

Gland rako repituitary nehypothalamus zvinoshanda pamwe chete kugadzira Hypothalamus-Pituitary complex . Izvi zvakaita senzvimbo huru yekudzora uropi hwako, ichidzora mabasa akakosha emuviri wako.

Hypothalamus chikamu cheuropi hwako chinoita mamwe mabasa ekutanga emuviri. Inotumira mameseji kuhurongwa hwako hwetsinga dzinozvitonga , idzo dzinodzora zvinhu zvakaita seBP, kurova kwemoyo, uye kufema. Inoudzawo pituitary gland kuti igadzire nekuburitsa mahormone anokanganisa dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Sezvatatotaura, gland repituitary rakabatana nehypothalamus negunde repituitary . Kuburikidza negunde iri, hypothalamus inotaurirana negunde repituitary rinobva kumberi kuburikidza nemahormone uye negunde repituitary rinobva kumberi kuburikidza netsinga. Oxytocin nehomoni inorwisa diuretic zvinogadzirwawo nehypothalamus. Hypothalamus ndiyo inochengeta nekuburitsa mahormone aya kugland repituitary rinobva kumberi.

Hypothalamus inotaurirana uye inosimudzira pituitary gland, ichigadzira mahormone akadai se:

• Homoni inosunungura corticotrophin (CRH)
• Dopamine
• Homoni inosunungura gonadotropin (GnRH)
• Homoni inoburitsa mahormone ekukura (GHRH)
• Somatostatin
• Homoni inoburitsa thyrotropin (TRH)

Nekuti izvi zviviri (hypothalamus nepituitary) zvinoshanda pamwe chete, kana chimwe chikakuvara, zvinogonawo kukanganisa mashandiro emahormone echimwe.

Zvinokwanisika here kurarama pasina pituitary gland?

Ehe, unogona kurarama usina pituitary gland yako, asi kuti uite izvozvo, uchafanirwa kutora mushonga unonzi replacement therapy kuti utsive mahormone epituitary asipo. Nekuti mahormone epituitary akakosha pakuchengetedza mabasa akasiyana-siyana mumuviri. Kana mahormone ese epituitary akapera uye akasiyiwa asina kurapwa, zvinogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi.

Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinokanganisa pituitary gland?

Kune zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokanganisa kana kukonzerwa nekushanda kwegland repituitary. Izvi zvinogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka mana makuru:

• Adenomas yepituitary
• Kusanzwisisa
• Hyperpituitarism
• Empty sella syndrome

Ngatitaurei nezve chimwe nechimwe cheizvi zvakadzama.

Adenomas yePituitary

Iri ibundu risina njodzi rinokura mugland repituitary. Matumbu epituitary adenomas anoumba anenge 10% kusvika 15% yematumbu ese anokura muuropi.

Izvi zvinowanzokura zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, kana zvikakura zvakanyanya, zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo nekudzvanya zvinhu zviri pedyo. Dzimwe nguva zvinogona kudzvanya tsinga yemaziso, zvichikonzera matambudziko ekuona (sekurasikirwa nekuona kwekunze). Kashoma, ma adenoma makuru epituitary anogona kubuda ropa.

Mamwe ma adenoma epituitary anogadzira mahormone epituitary akawandisa. Aya anonzi ``Functioning/Secreting`` adenomas`` . Mamwe haagadzire mahormone. Aya anonzi ``Non-functioning`` adenomas`` .

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzema adenoma anoshanda, zvichienderana nehomoni yaanogadzira. Adenoma inoshanda zvakanyanya iprolactinoma . Izvi zvinoburitsa prolactin yakawandisa. Ma prolactinoma anowanzo rapa nemishonga.

Mabundu epituitary akakura zvikuru uye/kana kuti anogadzira mahormone anoda kurapwa, kazhinji kuvhiyiwa .

Kusanzwisisa

Ichi chirwere apo pituitary gland yako inoburitsa mahormone mashoma kwazvo, akawanda, kana ese ayo inoburitsa.

Kazhinji, kushomeka kwehomoni imwe chete kunoonekwa. Kushomeka kwemahomoni maviri kana anopfuura epituitary kunonzi panhypopituitarism . Izvi zvinogona kuitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwepituitary kana mushure mekupiswa nemwaranzi yeuropi .

Chikonzero chikuru che hypopituitarism kukuvara kwe pituitary gland kana hypothalamus.

Kune zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvine chekuita nechirwere ichi:

• Kushaikwa kwehomoni yekukura: Izvi zvinoitika kana pituitary gland isingagadzire homoni yekukura yakakwana (GH). Muvana, kukura nekukura zvinokanganisika, uye kuyaruka kunononoka. Muvanhu vakuru, matambudziko ekugaya muviri anoitika.
• Chirwere cheshuga cheCentral insipidus:Izvi zvinoitika kana pituitary gland ikasagadzira hormone inorwisa diuretic (ADH) yakakwana. Izvi zvinoita kuti muviri ubudise weti yakawandisa wotadza kuchengeta mvura.
• Kusagona zvakanaka kwenhengo dzemuviri: Izvi zvinoitika kana tsinga yepituitary isingagadzire hormone ye luteinizing (LH) yakakwana uye hormone ye follicle-stimulating (FSH). Izvi zvinokonzera matambudziko ekushanda kwepabonde, kukura, uye kubereka.
• Kusakwana kwe adrenal cortex: Izvi zvinoitika kana pituitary gland ikasagadzira ACTH yakakwana. Izvi zvinoita kuti muviri usakwanise kugadzira cortisol.
• Central hypothyroidism: Izvi zvinoitika kana pituitary gland ikasagadzira hormone yakakwana ye thyroid-stimulating (TSH), zvichikonzera kudzikira kwemahormone e thyroid.

Hypopituitarism inorapwa nekupa mahormone asina kukwana kunze uye kuongorora huwandu hwacho kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweropa.

Hyperpituitarism

Ichi chirwere apo pituitary gland yako inoburitsa mahormone akawanda kana akawanda. Izvi zvinowanzokonzerwawo nekushanda kwepituitary adenoma (bundu risiri rekenza).

Kune zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvine chekuita nechirwere ichi:

• Acromegaly: Izvi zvinoitika kana pituitary gland ichigadzira hormone yekukura yakawandisa (GH) panguva yekukura. Izvi zvinokonzera kukura kwezvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri, zvakaita semaoko, tsoka, uye/kana nhengo dzemukati, uye matambudziko ekugadzirisa muviri.
• Gigantism: Izvi zvinoitika kana pituitary gland inogadzira hormone yekukura yakawandisa (GH) panguva yehudiki kana kuyaruka. Izvi zvinokonzera kukura nekukurumidza uye kureba zvakanyanya.
• Chirwere chaCushing: Izvi zvinoitika kana pituitary gland ichiburitsa ACTH yakawandisa (izvo zvinoita kuti adrenal gland iburitse cortisol yakawandisa). Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuwedzera uremu kamwe kamwe munzvimbo dzemuviri, huwandu hweshuga muropa, uye zvinogona kutokonzera chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri .
• Hyperprolactinemia: Izvi zvinoitika kana pituitary gland ichiburitsa prolactin yakawandisa. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kudzikira kwekubereka uye kubuda kwemukaka kubva mumazamu (galactorrhea) .

Chirwere cheEmpty Sella

Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS) chirwere chisingawanzoitiki. Chinoitika kana pituitary gland ikapfava kana kutetepa nekuda kwedambudziko remaumbirwo emapfupa anoipoteredza uye anoidzivirira, anonzi Sella Turcica . Sella Turcica ikamuri rakaita sechigaro. Rinobva pashoko rechiLatin rinoreva "chigaro cheTurkey."

Sero risina chinhu chirwere chinoongororwa ne x-ray.Kazhinji, izvi hazvizovi chirwere chaicho, uye zvinoonekwa netsaona panguva yekuongororwa.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, ESS inogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sekusagadzikana kwemahormone, musoro unogara uchirwadza, uye kuchinja kwekuona. Zvisinei, kana huwandu hwemahormone epituitary huri pakati pehuwandu hwakajairwa, hapana chekunetseka nazvo.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinoitika kana paine matambudziko ne pituitary gland?

Matumbu makuru epituitary (aya mabundu asiri ekenza) anogona kusunda kana kukuvadza nyama dziri pedyo. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakaita se:

• Matambudziko ekuona (sekurasikirwa nekuona kwekunze)
• Musoro
• Kusawirirana kwemahormone kunokonzerwa nekuwedzera kana kudzikira kwemahormone epituitary

Kusarongeka kwemahormone epituitary kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichienderana nehormone iri kukanganiswa. Mimwe mienzaniso inosanganisira:

• Kukura zvishoma nezvishoma kana kuwanda kwevana
• Kuderera kwekushaya mbereko muvakadzi nevarume (Kusabereka)
• Kuenda kumwedzi kusingaenderani
• Kuwedzera huremu kana kudzikira pasina chikonzero
• Kuora mwoyo uye/kana Kunetseka

Kana uine zviratidzo zvitsva zvinogara kwenguva refu, zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako. Vanogona kuita zvinhu zvakaita sekuongororwa kweropa kuti vaone kana zviratidzo zvako zvichikonzerwa nedambudziko remahormone kana chimwe chinhu.

Ndiani watinofanira kuudza nezvedambudziko rakadai?

Matambudziko epituitary gland anowanzo gadziriswa nenyanzvi dze endocrinologists .

Chiremba we endocrinologist chiremba ane hunyanzvi mukuongorora zvirwere zvine chekuita nemahormone. Anogona kuongorora zvirwere zve endocrine (hormone), kugadzira zvirongwa zvekurapa nekurapa, uye kunyora mishonga.

Kana uine dambudziko re pituitary gland, senge pituitary adenoma, iro rinokanganisa maumbirwo europi uye/kana kuti rinoda kuvhiyiwa, ungangoda kuona chiremba we neurosurgeon .

Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei matambudziko epituitary gland?

Nekuti pituitary gland yako inoburitsa mahormone zvakananga muropa rako, vanachiremba vanowanzo ongorora huwandu hwemahormone epituitary kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweropa .

Kana huwandu hwemahormone ako husina kurongeka, chiremba wako anogonawo kuraira bvunzo dzemifananidzo, dzakadai seCT scan kana MRI scan, kuti vaone kana paine dambudziko nepituitary gland. Kazhinji, pituitary MRI chaiyo inoitirwa kuti ione zvakajeka pituitary gland nedzinde rayo.

Tingachengetedza sei pituitary gland yedu iine hutano?

Nzira yakanakisisa yekuchengetedza pituitary gland yako ine hutano ndeyekuchengetedza musoro wako. Kukuvara mumusoro uye kukuvara kweuropi (TBIs)Zvinogona kukuvadza pituitary gland yako, zvichiita kuti igadzire mahormone akawandisa kana mashoma.

Heano zvimwe zvinhu zvaunogona kuita kudzivirira kukuvara kwemusoro nepfungwa:

• Pfeka bhandi rekuchengetedza pese paunenge uri mumotokari.
• Drive zvakachengeteka.
• Pfeka ngowani kana uchitasva bhasikoro, mudhudhudhu, kana kutamba mitambo inosanganisira kugunzva.
• Tora matanho ekudzivirira kudonha, kunyanya kana uri panjodzi huru yekudonha. Izvi zvinosanganisira maekisesaizi anowedzera simba uye kuenzana, kubvisa zvipingamupinyi nezvinhu zvinotsvedza mumba mako, kushandisa chinhu chinobatsira pakufamba, uye kuongorora kuona kwako.
• Kana une vana vadiki, gadzira nzvimbo dzavanogara uye tamba dzakachengeteka.

Unofanira kuona chiremba rini nezve pituitary gland?

Kana uine zviratidzo zve pituitary adenoma uye/kana zviratidzo zvekusagadzikana kwemahormone, zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako. Vanogona kuita bvunzo kuti vaone kana paine chakaipa ne pituitary gland yako.

Kana wakakuvara zvakanyanya muuropi (Traumatic Brain Injury - TBI) , chiremba wako angangotarisa mashandiro egland rako repituitary kuti aone kana riri kushanda zvakanaka uye kana rakakuvara nekuda kwekukuvara kwacho.

Muchidimbu, hezvino zvinhu zvatinofanira kurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba):

Gland rako repituitary igland diki chaizvo, asi rine simba rinodzora maitiro akawanda akakosha mumuviri wako wese! Rakaita se "boss" mudiki.

Inoburitsa mahormone anodzora zvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira kukura kwako, kugaya chikafu, kubereka, uye maitiro aunoita kana uchinetseka. Saka, kuchengetedza gland diki iri riine hutano kwakakosha zvikuru.

• Chengeta musoro wako: pfeka ngowani, gara wakachengeteka.
• Ziva zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitiki: Udza chiremba kana uchingonzwa musoro uchirwadza, matambudziko ekuona, kuchinja kwehuremu kamwe kamwe, kana kuneta zvakanyanya.
• Usazvinetse: matambudziko mazhinji epituitary gland ane marapirwo akanaka. Kana akaonekwa nekukurumidza, anogona kugadziriswa zvakanaka.

Iye zvino wava kuziva zvakawanda nezvechikamu ichi chidiki chinoshamisa chemuviri wako. Kana uine mibvunzo kana zvinokunetsa, usambozeza kutaura nachiremba. Ramba uine hutano hwakanaka!

" Gland repituitary, mahormone, uropi, endocrine system, zvirwere zvepituitary, hypothalamus, kukura kwehomoni"