Tinofanira kungoziva zvese nezvemwoyo yedu here?

Wakambozvibvunza here kuti nhengo diki iyi mumuviri wedu, yakakura sechibhakera, inoshanda zvakadini? Mwoyo muchina unoshamisa zvechokwadi, unoshanda nguva dzose. Ungashamisika kuziva kuti hupenyu hwedu hunoenderana nenhengo diki iyi. Saka, munyaya ino, tichataura nezvemwoyo, mashandiro awo, uye maitiro ekuzvidzivirira kubva kuzvirwere zvemwoyo nenzira iri nyore uye inonzwisisika.

Chii chinonzi moyo uye chii chaunoita kumuviri wedu?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, moyo inhengo ine tsandanyama inopomba ropa mumuviri wedu wese. Yakafanana nepombi yemvura inopomba mvura. Iyi ndiyo nhengo huru yehurongwa hwedu hweropa.

Fungidzira, kune makamuri mana madiki mukati memwoyo wedu, kureva makamuri mana . Ropa rinopinda mumakamuri aya rogara kwenguva yakati, robva raenda kune rimwe divi. Mwoyo haungorove chete, unogamuchira zviratidzo kubva kumagetsi . Zvese izvi zvinodzorwa neuropi hwedu netsinga.

Saka basa guru remwoyo nderekuparadzira ropa mumuviri wese. Ndiro ropa iri rinoita kuti sero rega rega mumuviri wedu riwane okisijeni nezvinovaka muviri zvarinoda. Zvakare, ropa rinopfuura nemumoyo rinotakurawo tsvina yakaita secarbon dioxide inogadzirwa mumasero uye rinoiendesa kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri kwadzinogona kubviswa .

Kwete izvozvo chete, moyo unoita mamwe mabasa akakosha:

• Inodzora kumhanya uye mutinhimira wekurova kwemoyo wedu.
• Zvinobatsira kuchengetedza BP yedu iri padanho rakakodzera.

Mwoyo hauite basa iri wega. Unoshanda pamwe chete nehurongwa huviri hunonzi sisitimu yedu yetsinga uye sisitimu yeendocrine.

• Sisitimu yetsinga: Sisitimu iyi inotumira zviratidzo zvekudzikisa kurova kwemoyo yedu patinenge takarara uye kuwedzera kurova kwemoyo yedu patinenge tichitya kana kunetseka.
• Sisitimu yeEndocrine: Sisitimu iyi inoburitsa makemikari anonzi mahormone . Mahormone aya anoita kuti tsinga dzedu dzeropa dziome kana kuti dzikure. Izvi ndizvo zvinoshandura BP. Semuenzaniso, mahormone anobva mugland rethyroid mumutsipa wedu anogonawo kuwedzera kana kuderedza kurova kwemoyo wedu.

Zvikamu zvemoyo zvakafanana nezvikamu zveimba!

Ehe, fungidzira kuti mwoyo wedu imba diki. Kufanana neimba iyoyo, moyo une zvikamu zvakasiyana.

• Madziro: Semadziro eimba.
• Makamuri: Semakamuri ari mumba.
• Mavharuvhu: Kufanana nemasuo emakamuri, anogona kuvhurika nekuvharika.
• Mitsipa yeropa: Sezvinoita mapaipi emvura ari mumba.
• Sisitimu yekufambisa magetsi: Kufanana nesisitimu yekuisa waya inoendesa magetsi kumba.

Tinofanira kutarisa chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu izvi zvakadzama here?

Madziro emwoyo

Madziro emwoyo akaumbwa netsandanyama. Idzi ndidzo dzinopomba ropa nekukotama nekukurisa. Mativi ekurudyi nekuruboshwe emoyo akaparadzaniswa netsandanyama inonzi septum .

Madziro emwoyo anoumbwa nezvikamu zvitatu:

• Endocardium: Chikamu chemukati-kati.
• Myocardium: Huru hwakakora hwetsandanyama huri pakati. Iri ndiro basa guru remoyo rekupomba.
• Epicardium: Rutivi rwekunze runodzivirira.

Iyi epicardium ichikamu chimwe chete chebhegi rinodzivirira rakatenderedza moyo rinonzi pericardium . Pericardium inoburitsa mvura, yakaita semafuta, kuderedza kukweshana pakati pemoyo nedzimwe nhengo.

Makamuri emwoyo

Sezvatakambotaura, moyo une makamuri makuru mana. Maviri pamusoro, maviri pasi, uye rimwe kudivi rimwe nerimwe.

• Right atrium: Mitsipa miviri mikuru - superior vena cava ( inotakura ropa kubva kuchikamu chepamusoro chemoyo) uye inferior vena cava ( inotakura ropa kubva kuchikamu chezasi chemoyo) - inotakura ropa risina oxygen mu right atrium iyi. Right atrium inobva yapomba ropa iri mu right ventricle.
• Ventricle yekurudyi: Iyi kamuri yekurudyi yepasi inopomba ropa risina oxygen kuenda kumapapu kuburikidza netsinga dzemapapu . Mumapapu ndimo munowedzerwa oxygen muropa.
• Atrium Yekuruboshwe: Ropa rine mweya kubva mumapapu rinopinda muatrium Yekuruboshwe kuburikidza netsinga dzemapapu . Izvi zvinopomba ropa kubva muventricle yepamusoro kuruboshwe kuenda kuventricle yekuruboshwe.
• Ventricular yekuruboshwe: Ventricular yekuruboshwe yakakura zvishoma pane yekururudyi uye ine madziro akakora. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti inopomba ropa rine oxygen mumuviri wese. Inoda simba rakawanda.

Mavharuvhu emwoyo

Mavharuvhu ari mumoyo akafanana nemagonhi. Ari pakati pemakamuri. Anovhurika uye anovhara kuti ropa riyerere nenzira imwe chete. Basa guru remavharuvhu aya nderekumisa ropa kuti risayerere nenzira isiriyo.

Kune mhando mbiri huru dzemavharuvhu:

Atrioventricular mavharuvhu (AV mavharuvhu)

Izvi zviri pakati peatrium yepamusoro neventricle yepasi.

• Vharuvhu ine tricuspid: Vharuvhu iri pakati peatrium yekurudyi neventricle yekurudyi.
• Vharuvhu yeMitral: Musuwo uri pakati peatrium yekuruboshwe neventricle yekuruboshwe.

Mavharuvhu eSemilunar (SL valves)

Izvi zvinovhurika kana ropa richibuda mumasero.

• Vharuvhu yeAortic: Inovhurika ropa richiyerera richibva kuruboshwe rweventricle richipinda muaorta (tsinga huru inotakura ropa rine oxygen kumuviri wese).
• Vharuvhu yemapapu: Inovhurwa kana ropa rinobva mu ventricle yekurudyi richipinda mutsinga yemapapu (rudzi rwetsinga chete runotakura ropa risina oxygen kuenda kumapapu).

Mitsipa yeropa

Moyo unopomba ropa kuburikidza nemarudzi matatu makuru etsinga dzeropa:

• Mitsipa yeropa: Iyi inotakura ropa rine oxygen kubva pamwoyo kuenda kunhengo dzemuviri. Imwe nzira inosara ndeye tsinga dzemapapu, idzo dzinotakura ropa risina oxygen kuenda kumapapu.
• Tsinga: Dzorera ropa risingade okisijeni kubva mumuviri kuenda kumoyo.
• Mapaipi: Mitsipa yeropa yakanaka kwazvo. Ropa rine mweya uye kusachinjana kweropa neropa kuburikidza nepaipi idzi.

Mitsipa yeropa

Mwoyo unodawo kudya. Saka kune nzira yakakosha yetsinga dzinopa ropa kumoyo. Idzi dzinonzi tsinga dzemwoyo . Idzi dzinofamba pamusoro pemoyo.

• Tsinga yemoyo yekuruboshwe: Iyi inopatsanurana kuita matavi maviri - tsinga yeropa inonzi circumflex ( inopa ropa ku atrium yekuruboshwe uye kumativi nekumashure kwe ventricle yekuruboshwe) uye tsinga yeropa inonzi left anterior descending artery (LAD) (inopa ropa kumberi nepasi pe ventricle yekuruboshwe uye pamberi pe septum).
• Right coronary artery (RCA): Inopa ropa ku right atrium, right ventricle, chikamu chezasi che ventricle yekuruboshwe, uye kuseri kwe septum.

Sisitimu yemagetsi yemoyo

Izvi zvakafanana netambo dzemagetsi dziri mumba. Mutinhimira nekumhanya kwekurova kwemoyo zvinodzorwa nehurongwa uhwu. Masaini anotangira pamusoro pemoyo ofamba achidzika.

• Sinoatrial node (SA node): Apa ndipo panotanga chiratidzo kumoyo kuti urove. Izvi zvinonzi "natural pacemaker" yemoyo.
• Node yeAtrioventricular (AV node): Inoita masaini emagetsi kubva kumakamuri epamusoro emoyo kuenda kumakamuri epasi.
• Bazi rekuruboshwe: Rinotumira ma "electrical impulses" ku "left ventricle".
• Bazi repakeji rekurudyi: Rinotumira ma "electrical impulses" ku "right ventricle".
• Bundle of His: Inotumira ma impulses kubva paAV node kuenda kuPurkinje fibers.
• Mafiber ePurkinje: Mafiber aya anobatsira masero emwoyo kupwanya nekupomba ropa.

Moyo uri kupi? Wakaita sei? Wakakura sei?

Mwoyo wako uri pamberi pechipfuva chako. Kutaura chokwadi, uri pakati pechipfuva chako, kuseri kwepfupa rechipfuva, kana kuti sternum , uye kuruboshwe.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti moyo hausi kuruboshwe zvachose, asi kuruboshwe zvishoma. Pakati pemapapu ekurudyi nekuruboshwe. Bapu rekuruboshwe diki zvishoma pane rerudyi, kuti rigone kugara moyo iwoyo. Moyo unodzivirirwa nembabvu dzedu.

Kubva kunze, moyo wakaita seInotaridzika sepiramidhi yakapinduka, asi ine makona akatenderera zvishoma. Mitsipa mikuru yeropa inopinda yobuda mumoyo, ichiunza ropa mukati uye yoritora. Mitsipa iyi inobatanidza moyo nemuviri wese.

Saizi yemwoyo yemunhu wese yakasiyana zvishoma. Mwoyo wako unowanzo fanana nehukuru hwechibhakera chako. Mwoyo wemunhu mukuru unorema maounces gumi (anenge magiramu mazana maviri nemakumi masere). Huremu uhwu hunogona kusiyana zvichienderana nehukuru hwemuviri wako uye murume kana mukadzi.

Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinowanzo kanganisa mwoyo?

Zvinosuwisa kuti chirwere chemwoyo chirwere chakajairika pasi rose. Ndicho chikonzero chikuru cherufu munyika dzakadai seUnited States.

Heano mamwe ematambudziko ehutano anowanzo kanganisa mwoyo:

• Arrhythmia: Kurova kwemoyo kunokurumidza, kunonoka, kana kusarongeka.
• Cardiomyopathy: Kukora, kukura, kana kuomarara kwetsandanyama yemwoyo zvisina kujairika.
• Kukundikana kwemoyo: Mwoyo unova wakaoma kana kuti usina simba zvekuti haugone kupomba ropa nemazvo.
• Chirwere chetsinga dzemwoyo: Mafuta anoungana mukati metsinga dzemwoyo, zvichiita kuti dzitete.
• Chirwere cheshuga: Shuga yakakwira muropa. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisawo moyo.
• Myocardial infarction / Heart attack: Kuvharika kamwe kamwe kwetsinga yemwoyo, zvichiita kuti chikamu chetsandanyama yemwoyo chirasikirwe neokisijeni.
• Chirwere chevharuvhu yemoyo: Vharuvhu yemoyo isingashande nemazvo.
• Kukwira kweropa: Kuwedzera kweropa kunokonzerwa neropa pamadziro etsinga dzeropa.
• Cholesterol yakakwira: Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemafuta muropa.
• Pericarditis: Kuzvimba kwepericardium, saga rakakomberedza moyo.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvechirwere chemwoyo?

Kana uine zviratidzo zvakadaro, unofanira kunetseka nazvo:

• Kurwadziwa pachipfuva kana kusagadzikana.
• Kurova kwemoyo kunoreva kunzwa kwekurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza kana ruzha rwekurova muchipfuva.
• Dzungu.
• Kushaya mweya.
• Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya (Kuneta).
• Kuzvimba kwemuviri wepazasi, kunyanya makumbo.

Zvakakosha: Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi kana kupfuura, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika. Zvakakosha zvikuru.

Kuongororwa nguva dzose kunoongorora hutano hwemwoyo wako

Vanachiremba vanoita bvunzo dzakadai kuti vaone hutano hwemwoyo:

• Kuyerwa kweBP `(Kuyerwa kweBP)` .
• Electrocardiogram (EKG kana ECG): Iyi inoyera mashandiro emagetsi emwoyo.
• Echocardiogram: Inoshandisa mafungu eruzha kutora mifananidzo yemoyo.
• X-ray yechipfuva: Inotarisa mamiriro emwoyo nemapapu.
• Kuongororwa kweropa: Izvi zvinoongorora zvinhu zvakaita secholesterol nemazinga eshuga.
• Kuisa catheter mumoyo: Chubhu yakatetepa inopfuudzwa nemutsinga yeropa ichipinda mumoyo kuti iongororwe.
• Kuongororwa kwemwoyo (CT scan): Kunotora mifananidzo yakadzama yemoyo.
• MRI yemoyo (magnetic resonance imaging): Mifananidzo yemoyo inotorwa uchishandisa simba remagineti.
• Kuongororwa kwekushushikana: Izvi zvinoedza mashandiro anoita moyo panguva yekurovedza muviri.

Ndeapi marapirwo akajairika ezvirwere zvemwoyo?

Vanachiremba vanorapa munhu ane chirwere chemwoyo nenzira dzinotevera:

• Mishonga: Kuderedza BP uye kumisa kuonda kweropa.
• Kuchinja maitiro ezuva nezuva: zvinhu zvakaita sekudya nekunwa, kuti unoita maekisesaizi akawanda sei.
• Zvishandiso zvekurapa: Kuisa michina yakaita se pacemakers mumoyo.
• Maitiro: Zvinhu zvakaita se catheter ablation ( yekurova kwemoyo zvisina kurongeka) kana angioplasty (kukudza mitsipa yeropa yakatetepa).
• Kuvhiyiwa: Kuvhiyiwa kukuru kwakadai sekuvhiyiwa kwe coronary artery bypass kana kutsiva vharuvhu .

Ndingachengetedza sei moyo wangu uine hutano?

Ichi ndicho chikamu chakakosha. Kana uine chirwere chemwoyo, unofanirwa kutevedzera hurongwa hwekurapa hwaunopihwa nachiremba wako. Zvakakosha zvikuru kutora mushonga wako panguva yakakodzera uye nehuwandu hwakakodzera.

Uyewo, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvaunogona kuchinja mumararamiro ako kuti uchengetedze hutano hwemwoyo:

• Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka hunokunakira.
• Deredza kunwa doro, kana kuti rega zvachose.
• Idya chikafu chine hutano pamoyo: Idya michero yakawanda, miriwo, nyemba, uye zviyo zvakakwana.
• Edza kurovedza muviri kwemaminitsi angangoita 150 pasvondo. Izvi zvinogona kuva kufamba-famba, kumhanya, kana kushambira.
• Deredza huwandu hwemunyu waunowedzera muchikafu chako.
• Dzivirira kushushikana: Shandisa nzira dzine hutano dzakadai sekufungisisa uye kunyora pasi zvinhu zviri kuitika.
• Kana uchisvuta, rega. Dzivisa kushandisa fodya nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvefodya. Dzivisa kuva pedyo nevanhu vanosvuta (utsi hwevamwe). Kana uchisvuta, kumbira rubatsiro kuna chiremba wako kuti akubatsire kurega.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinhu zvaunofanira kubvunza chiremba wako nezvemoyo wako?

Kana uchienda kunoona chiremba, zvakanaka kubvunza mibvunzo iyi:

• Kuva nechirwere chemwoyo mumhuri yangu kunokanganisa sei hutano hwemwoyo wangu?
• Ndingaitei kuti ndideredze BP yangu?
• Ko cholesterol yangu inokanganisa sei mwoyo wangu?
• Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere chemwoyo?
• Ndinofanira kudya rudzii rwechikafu kuti ndidzivirire chirwere chemwoyo?

Pakupedzisira, zvekurangarira

Senhengo huru yeropa redu, mwoyo ndiwo unotichengetedza tiri vapenyu. Unopomba ropa mumuviri wese, uchiunza okisijeni kumasero edu nematishu. Nekuti moyo unoita basa rakakosha kudaro, zvakakosha kuritarisira. Matambudziko emwoyo anowanzoitika, asi unogona kuchinja kuti uchengetedze moyo wako uine hutano. Bvunza chiremba wako kuti ungavandudza sei hutano hwemwoyo wako.