Unowanawo zvichikuomera kufema here kana waneta zvishoma, kana uchikwira masitepisi? Dzimwe nguva unombova nekukosora kwakaoma kunogara kwenguva refu pasina phlegm pasina chikonzero chakajeka? Tinowanzo kanganwa kuti zviratidzo izvi kungori kuneta kwakajairika kana kuti allergy diki. Zvisinei, zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekuchinja kukuru kuri kuitika mumapapu edu. Nhasi tichataura nezvechimwe chirwere chakadai, Interstitial Lung Disease, kana ILD muchidimbu.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)?
Funga nezvemapapu edu semasiponji maviri akazadzwa nemamiriyoni emabubbles madiki emhepo. Aya matumbu emhepo madiki anonzi alveoli . Patinofema, okisijeni yatinotora inowedzerwa muropa redu kuburikidza nematumbu emhepo aya. Uye kabhoni dhayokisaidhi isingadiwe muropa inoburitswawo kuburikidza nematumbu emhepo aya.
Zvino, pakati pemasagi emhepo aya, sedhaka riri pakati pezvidhinha mumadziro ezvidhinha, pane network yematishu akapfava. Izvi ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti interstitium . MuILD, network iyi yematishu akapfava inokuvara, kana kuti inokuvara, uye zvishoma nezvishoma inokora, inooma, uye mavanga (fibrosis) anoitika.
Kutaura chokwadi, mapapu edu anorasikirwa nehunhu hwawo hwekupfava, hwekuita sechiponji uye anoomarara. Izvi zvinozivikanwa sePulmonary Fibrosis . Asi yeuka, haasi ese maILD ari Pulmonary Fibrosis, asi Pulmonary Fibrosis rudzi rweILD.
Kana mapapu akobvura nenzira iyi, kufamba kweokisijeni kubva mumabhegi emhepo kuenda kuropa kunovharika. Nekuda kweizvozvo, muviri wedu hauwani huwandu hweokisijeni hwaunoda. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru chezviratidzo zvakaita sekushaya mweya uye kuneta.
ILD haisi chirwere chimwe chete. Kune zvirwere zvinopfuura mazana maviri zvakarongwa nezita iri. Chinhu chinowanzoonekwa pazvirwere izvi zvose kukuvara kwenhengo dzemapapu dziri pakati pemapapu.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvemunhu ane ILD?
Zviratidzo zveILD zvinogona kunge zvisina kunyanya kuipa pakutanga. Zvisinei, nekufamba kwenguva, kwemwedzi kana makore, zviratidzo izvi zvinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Izvi ndizvo zviratidzo zvinoonekwa nevanhu vazhinji.
| Chiratidzo | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Kushaya mweya | Pakutanga, inongonzwika chete panguva yekurovedza muviri, senge pakurovedza muviri kana kukwira masitepisi. Asi chirwere ichi pachinowedzera, chinogona kuoma kufema kunyangwe kana wangomira wakamira. |
| Kukosora kwakaoma | Ichi chiratidzo chikuru kuvanhu vazhinji. Chinoonekwa sechikosoro chisingaperi chisingaburitse madzihwa. |
| Kuneta | Nekuti muviri haugamuchire okisijeni inodiwa, unogona kugara uchinzwa kuneta uye usingakwanise kuita chero chinhu. |
| Kusagadzikana pachipfuva | Vamwe vanhu vanogona kunzwa kurwadziwa muchipfuva kana kuti kuoma. |
Kana uine zviratidzo izvi, usafunge kuti une chirwere cheILD. Asi usazviregeredzawo. Zvakakosha kuona chiremba wako , kunyanya kana uine kufema kushoma uye kukosora kwakaoma kwave kuchiitika kwemwedzi yakati wandei .
Sei chirwere chakadai chichiitika? Ndezvipi zvinokonzera?
Zvikonzero zveILD zvinogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zviviri: zvikonzero zvinozivikanwa uye zvikonzero zvisingazivikanwe/zvisinganzwisisike .
1. Zvikonzero Zvinozivikanwa
Izvi zvinoreva kuti tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti, "Izvi ndizvo zvakakonzera chirwere ichi."
- Zvirwere zveAutoimmune kana Connective Tissue: Dzimwe nguva masoja emuviri wedu anotanga kurwisa nhengo dzemuviri dzine hutano. Vanhu vane zvirwere zvakaita seRheumatoid Arthritis (RA) , Lupus , uye Scleroderma vari panjodzi huru yekubatwa neILD.
- Kusangana nedambudziko rebasa uye nharaunda: Humwe hwehupfu hwatinofema hunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwenguva refu kumapapu.
- Guruva reSilica: Kune avo vanoshanda mumagodhi, mumigodhi, uye mumafekitori edongo.
- Matayi eAsbestos:Kune avo vanoputsa zvivakwa zvekare, vanoshanda muindasitiri yekutumira zvinhu, uye vanoshanda nemabhureki pads mune dzimwe mota.
- Guruva rezviyo, huswa, tsvina yeshiri: Chirwere chinonzi Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis chinogona kuitika kuvanhu vanorima kana kupfuya mhuka.
- Mafuru neFungi: Kune avo vanoshanda munzvimbo dzine hunyoro, dzisina mhepo yakakwana.
- Mimwe mishonga nekurapwa:
- Mishonga yakaita seamiodarone, inoshandiswa kurapa mamwe matambudziko emwoyo.
- Mimwe mishonga yekurapa kenza (Chemotherapy drugs) .
- Kurapa nemwaranzi yekenza yemazamu kana yemapapu.
- Zvimwe zvirwere: Mavanga mumapapu anogona kuitika kunyangwe mushure mezvirwere zvakakomba zvakaita seTB nepneumonia .
2. Zvikonzero Zvisingazivikanwe (Idiopathic)
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, hapana chikonzero chaicho chinogona kuwanikwa cheILD. Murwere haana chimwe chirwere kana kusangana nechimwe chinhu chinokuvadza, asi nyama yemapapu ine mavanga. Tinodaidza nyaya idzi kuti idiopathic , zvinoreva kuti "chinokonzerwa nechirwere chisingazivikanwe."
Chinonyanya kuoneka uye chakanyanya kuipa ndechekuti Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) .
Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yeILD?
Kunyange zvazvo munhu wese achigona kuva neILD, vamwe vanhu vanowanzova nayo.
| Chinhu chine njodzi | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Zera | Mhando dzakawanda dzeILD dzinowanikwa zvakanyanya kuvanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi manomwe. |
| Hunhu hwevakadzi/hunhu hwevarume | Mamwe marudzi eILD, kunyanya IPF, anowanikwa zvakanyanya muvarume kupfuura vakadzi. |
| Kusvuta | Vanhu vanoputa kana vakamboputa kare vane njodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere cheILD. |
| Zvimwe zvirwere | Zvirwere zvakaita sezvirwere zve autoimmune zvataurwa pamusoro apa, COPD, uye hepatitis C. |
| Basa nenzvimbo yakapoteredza | Kusangana nezvinhu zvakaita seasbestos ne silica. |
| Nhoroondo yemhuri | Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri akambova neILD, njodzi yacho inogona kuwedzera zvishoma. |
Chiremba anoongorora sei chirwere ichi?
Kana ukaona chiremba ane zviratidzo zvawataura pamusoro apa, achaita bvunzo dzakawanda kuti aongorore chirwere ichi nemazvo.
1. Kukubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako: Kutanga, vachakubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako, zuva razvakatanga, kuti zvakawedzera kuipa riini, nezvimwewo. Vachakubvunzawo nezvebasa rako, kana paine munhu mumhuri mako akamborwarawo nezvirwere zvakafanana, uye mimwe mishonga yauri kutora.
2. Kuongororwa kwemuviri: Chiremba achaisa stethoscope pachipfuva chako uye achateerera ruzha rwaunoita paunofema. Vanhu vazhinji vane ILD vanonzwa "kutsemuka" mumapapu avo, sekunge Velcro iri kuvhurwa .
3. Kuongororwa Kwebasa Remapapu (PFT): Mukuedzwa uku, unokumbirwa kufema mukati nekubuda nepachubhu yakabatana nemuchina. Kuongororwa uku kunoyera kuti mapapu ako anogona kuchengeta mweya wakawanda sei uye kuti unogona kuuburitsa nekukurumidza sei. MuILD, kugona kwemapapu kunoderedzwa.
4. Miedzo yeMifananidzo:
- X-ray yechipfuva: X-ray yechipfuva inogona kupa pfungwa isina kujeka yekuti pane mavanga mumapapu here.
- Kuongororwa kweCT (HRCT) kweHigh-Resolution: Uku ndiko kuongorora kwakakosha pakuongorora ILD. Kunogona kuburitsa mifananidzo yakajeka uye ine ruzivo rwakadzama kupfuura kuongororwa kweCT nguva dzose. Kunogona kuratidza zviri nani mavanga ari mumapapu uye kuti akapararira sei (maitiro akadai se "huneycombing").
5. Kuongororwa kweRopa: Mienzaniso yeropa inoongororwa kuti ionekwe zvimwe zvirwere, zvakaita sezvirwere zvemuviri zvinorwisa muviri.
6. Bronchoscopy: Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chubhu tete ine kamera yakabatanidzwa inopfuudzwa nemumhino kana mumuromo ichipinda mumapapu, uko inoongororwa mukati uye sampuli yenyama (biopsy) inotorwa.
7.Kuvhiyiwa kweBiopsy: Kana bvunzo dziri pamusoro apa dzisiri dzechokwadi, kuvhiyiwa kunoitwa kadiki kubvisa kanyama kadiki kubva mumapapu kuti kaongororwe.
Ndezvipi zvirongwa zvekurapa ILD?
Zvinosuwisa kuti parizvino hapana mushonga weILD, zvichireva kuti hapana mushonga wekukuvara kunoitika mumapapu. Zvisinei, kune nzira dzakawanda dzekurapa dzinogona kubatsira kudzora kufambira mberi kwechirwere, kuderedza zviratidzo, uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwako. Kurapa kunoenderana nerudzi rweILD yaunayo, kuoma kwechirwere, uye hutano hwako hwese.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuongorora chirwere ichi nekukurumidza uye kutanga kurapwa nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinogona kuderedza kukuvara kwakanyanya kumapapu.
Heano mamwe enzira huru dzekurapa:
- Mishonga:
- Corticosteroids: Mishonga yakaita sePrednisolone inoderedza kuzvimba mumapapu.
- Mishonga inorwisa fibrosis: Mishonga yakaita sePirfenidone neNintedanib inogona kuderedza kuwanda kwemavanga emapapu. Iyi inonyanya kupihwa varwere vane IPF.
- Mishonga inodzvinyirira muviri: Vanhu vane ILD nekuda kwezvirwere zve autoimmune vanopiwa mishonga inoderedza kushanda kwemuviri wemuviri.
- Kurapa Okisijeni: Kune vanhu vane mwero weokisijeni muropa wakaderera, okisijeni yekuwedzera inopihwa kuburikidza nechubhu yemhino kana mask yekumeso. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza kushaya mweya uye kuneta.
- Kugadziriswa Kwemapapu: Izvi zvakafanana ne'physiotherapy' yemapapu. Chikwata chakadzidziswa chichakupa maekisesaizi ekufema, maekisesaizi emuviri, uye mazano ekudya. Izvi zvichawedzera simba rako uye zvichakubatsira kurarama nezviratidzo zvako.
- Kuisirwa Mapapu: Kune avo vane chirwere chakanyanya kuoma uye chisingakwanise kudzorwa neimwe nzira yekurapa, nzira yekupedzisira ndeyekuisa mapapu ane hutano.
Ndingaitei pandinenge ndichirarama neILD?
Zvakajairika kunzwa kusuruvara uye kutya kana waongororwa kuti une chirwere cheILD. Zvisinei, nekuchinja mararamiro ako zvishoma uye kutevedzera zano rachiremba wako, unogona kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka nechirwere ichi.
- Dzivisa kusvuta zvachose: Kana uri munhu anosvuta, chinhu chakanakisisa chaunogona kuita kurega nhasi.
- Idya chikafu chine hutano: Kudya chikafu chakakwana kunobatsira kuchengetedza simba remuviri.
- Rovedza muviri nguva dzose:Bvunza chiremba wako uye ita maekisesaizi akareruka anokunakira. Kunyangwe kufamba-famba zvakakwana.
- Zorora: Zvakakosha kupa muviri zororo raunoda.
- Zvidzivirire kubva kuzvirwere: Pfeka chifukidziro chechiso paunenge uchienda kunzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda, geza maoko ako nguva nenguva, uye taura nachiremba wako nezvekuwana majekiseni epneumonia nefuruwenza.
- Funga nezvebasa rako: Kana basa rako richisanganisira kufema zvinhu zvinokuvadza mapapu ako, ungangoda kufunga nezvekushandisa nzira dzakachengeteka kana kuchinja mabasa.
Yeuka kuti hausi wega. Taura nachiremba wako, mhuri yako, neshamwari nezvemanzwiro ako. Tsvaga mazano kana zvichidikanwa.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chirwere chemapapu chinonzi Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) iboka rezvirwere zvinokonzera kuti tishu dzikure uye dzirare pakati pemasaga emhepo emapapu.
- Zviratidzo zvikuru kushaya mweya nguva nenguva uye kukosora kwakaoma kunogara kwemwedzi yakati wandei.
- Zvimwe zvirwere, kusangana nematambudziko kubasa, uye mimwe mishonga zvinogona kukonzera izvi , uye kazhinji hapana chikonzero chaicho chingawanikwa.
- Kunyangwe kukuvara kwemapapu kunokonzerwa neILD kusingadzoreki, kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kunogona kudzora chirwere ichi uye kuvandudza hupenyu.
- Kana uine zviratidzo zviri pamusoro apa, usavhunduke kana kuzvifuratira, asi enda kuna chiremba wako nekukurumidza uye tsvaga mazano echiremba.
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