Ngatidzidzei nezvechiremba chaiye achakuonai musati mavhiyiwa - chiremba weanotindivadza.

Wakambogadzirira kuvhiyiwa here kana bvunzo huru? Unoyeuka here kuti, pamusoro pachiremba wekuvhiya, mumwe chiremba chaiye akauya kuzokuona? Chiremba iyeye ndiye chiremba weanotindivadza. Nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvekuti chiremba uyu weanotindivadza ndiani, zvaanoita, uye kukosha kwake pakunyaradzwa kwako nekuchengetedzeka.

Ndiani Anesthesiologist?

Muchidimbu, chiremba weanesthesia chiremba anokutarisira muchikamu cheanesthesia, kugadzirisa marwadzo, uye chekuchengetedza varwere vasati vavhiyiwa, panguva yekuvhiyiwa, uye mushure mekuvhiyiwa kana mamwe maitiro ekurapa anorwadza. Funga nezvekukosha kwazvinoita kuti tisanzwa marwadzo panguva yekuvhiyiwa. Chiremba uyu ane hunyanzvi anoita izvozvo chaizvo, zvakachengeteka.

Chii chinonzi anesthesia?

Anesthesia inzira yekurapa inokudzivirira kuti usanzwe kurwadziwa panguva yekuvhiyiwa kana mamwe maitiro ekurapa. Mishonga inoshandiswa nevanorapisa varwere nevamwe vanachiremba kumisa kurwadziwa uku inonzi anesthetics.

Zvino tarisa, nzira idzi dzeanesthesia dzinoshanda nenzira dzakasiyana.

• Mimwe mishonga inonyaradza marwadzo inongogumbura chikamu chemuviri wako chete. Funga nezvayo semushonga waunopa usati wabvisa zino.
• Mimwe mishonga inorara pfungwa dzako kwenguva yakati, wobva warasikirwa zvachose nepfungwa. Izvi zvinonyanya kushandiswa panguva yekuvhiyiwa kukuru, kwakadai sekuvhiyiwa kwemusoro, chipfuva, kana dumbu.

Kana uine chimwe chinhu chidiki, senge kuzadza mazino, semuenzaniso, chiremba anozviita achakupa mushonga wekutindivadza mazino , zvinoreva mushonga unongopedza simba panzvimbo iyoyo chete.

Ko chiremba weanotindivadzawo chiremba here?

Ehe, zvechokwadi! Chiremba wevanorarisa chiremba ane dhigirii rezvekurapa, kungofanana nachiremba wako kana chiremba wemhuri yako. Vane dhigirii rezvekurapa (`MD - Chiremba weMishonga` kana `DO - Chiremba weMishonga yeOsteopathic`). Uye, kana ukafunga nezvechikoro chavo, dhigirii reyunivhesiti, uye kugara kwavo mushure mechikoro chekurapa, vanodzidzira kwemakore ari pakati pe12 ne14. Saka, izvozvo hazvisi zvidiki, handiti?

Chii chaizvo chinoitwa nenyanzvi yekurapwa kwenhengo dzemuviri?

Kufanana nachiremba wemhuri yenyu, chiremba weanotindivadza ane basa rekutarisira zvese zvine chekuita nehutano hwenyu. Semuenzaniso, vachaongorora BP yenyu, chirwere cheshuga, asima, uye matambudziko emwoyo panguva yekuvhiyiwa, ukuwo vachikupai anesthesia kuitira kuti musazonzwa kurwadziwa.

Vanachiremba vanorapisa varwere vanobatsirawo kuona kuti wakachengeteka nekufukidza nekudzivirira nhengo dzemuviri wako paunenge usina chaunoziva, kudzivirira kukuvara.

Vanachiremba vane mabasa akakosha vasati vavhiyiwa, panguva yekuvhiyiwa, uye mushure mekuvhiyiwa:

Usati wavhiyiwa

• Dzidza mamiriro ehutano hwako uye zvabuda muongororo nokungwarira.
• Kuona kuti muviri wako wakakodzera sei kuvhiyiwa kwaunoda kuitwa.
• Kusarudza kuti ndeipi nzira yekudiridza ine mushonga weanesthesia yakachengeteka kwauri.

Panguva yekuvhiyiwa

• Zviratidzo zvako zvakakosha - zvakaita sekurova kwemoyo, BP, uye kufema - zvichagara zvichitariswa panguva yekuvhiyiwa.
• Kutarisira mamiriro ako ehutano aripo.
• Kupa mvura, zvinhu zvinogadzirwa neropa, uye mishonga inodiwa nemuviri wako kuti ushande zvakanaka (semuenzaniso moyo, mapapu, itsvo).
• Vanogona kushanda vari vega, kana nechikwata chevanorapa vanonzwa kurwadziwa kwemudumbu chine vanamukoti vanonzwa kurwadziwa kwemudumbu kana vanodzidziswa vanonzwa kurwadziwa kwemudumbu.

Mushure mekuvhiyiwa

• Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, une basa rekutarisira hutano hwako kusvika wapora zvishoma nezvishoma kubva pamigumisiro yeanesthesia.
• Kazhinji, chiremba weanotindivadza ndiye anosarudza kuti wanyatsopora riini kubva pamigumisiro yeanotindivadza uye wagadzirira kuenda kumba kana kutamisirwa kune imwe wadhi muchipatara.

Mamwe mabasa akakosha

Vanachiremba vanorapisa varwere vanotarisirawo vanhu vari kuvhiyiwa kadiki kana kuti vasingadi kutomboziva zvachose (`General Anesthesia`). Semuenzaniso, zvinhu zvakaita se epidurals zvinopihwa vanaamai vanenge vava kuda kubereka mwana kuti vaderedze marwadzo .

Vanobatsirawo kutarisira varwere vari muIntensive Care Unit (ICU) mushure mekuvhiyiwa kukuru. Vanoshandawo nechikwata chekurapa marwadzo chechipatara kana muhofisi kubatsira avo vari kurwadziwa zvakanyanya, kungave netsaona kana kurwadziwa kwemusana kusingaperi.

Kune vamwe vanhu vari muchikwata cheanesthesia here?

Ehe, panogona kunge paine vamwe vanhu vari muchikwata cheanesthesia kunze kwechiremba weanesthesia. Ngationei kuti ndivanaani.

• Chiremba Akanyoreswa Ane Chiremba Anorapisa (CRNA): Uyu mukoti akanyoreswa akapedza chirongwa chekudzidziswa kweanesthesia nevanorapisa chakanyoreswa. Ivo vanamukoti (kwete vanachiremba) vakadzidziswa zvakanyanya mukupa rubatsiro rweanesthesia. CRNA inowanzo shanda pasi pekutarisirwa kweanorapisa. Kufanana nemukoti ari muwadhi yechipatara angakutarisira pasi pekutungamirirwa kwachiremba wako kana chiremba wemhuri.
• Mubatsiri weAnesthesiologist Akasimbiswa (CAA): Uyu mupi wehutano wepakati anoshanda seCRNA. Zvisinei, pachinzvimbo chedhigirii reukoti, vane ruzivo rwesainzi, senge dhigirii repre-med.
• Chiremba weAnesthesiologist: Uyu ndiye chiremba watakataura nezvake kare, uyo akadzidziswa zvine hunyanzvi mukurapa mushure mechikoro chekurapa. Vanowana makore mana ekudzidziswa kweanesthesia. Pamusoro pezvo, vanogona kupedza rimwe gore kana maviri vachidzidziswa mukudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi munzvimbo dzakadai sePediatrics, Cardiac, Obstetrics, Intensive Care, kana Pain Management.

Ndedzipi nzira dzekuvhiya dzinoshandiswa kakawanda uye nzira dzinoda chiremba weanesthesia?

Kuvhiyiwa kwakawanda uye nzira dzekurapa dzinoda rudzi rwakati rweanesthesia uye hunyanzvi hweanesthesia. Mhando dzeanesthesia dzinoshandiswa neanesthesia ndeidzi:

• Anesthesia Yese - Izvi zvinoreva kurasikirwa zvachose kwekuziva.
• Kurara zvishoma - Izvi zvinoreva kurara zvishoma.
• Anesthesia Yenharaunda - Izvi zvinoreva kuomesa nzvimbo yakakura yemuviri.

Kana uchida mushonga wekurwadziwa kwemudumbu chete pane chimwe chinhu chidiki, chiremba ari kuita izvi achakupa mushonga wacho.

Kuvhiyiwa kwakajairika kunoda anesthesia yakajairika:

• Kuvhiyiwa kwemusoro kana musana
• Kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo
• Kuvhiyiwa kwemapapu
• Maitiro ekuvhiya mudumbu mako

Anesthesia yemunzvimbo - kureva kuti, anesthesia yemusana, anesthesia yeepidural, kana kuti anesthesia yemunzvimbo - inoshandiswa pakuvhiya kwakajairika:

• Kuvhiyiwa kwehudyu kana ibvi
• Kuvhiyiwa kwemaoko kana tsoka

Kurara pasi ne IV - Izvi zvinoreva kukupa mishonga yekukuzorodza uye kukuchengeta wakamuka pamatanho akasiyana (izvi zvingasanganisira kana kusasanganisira anesthesia yemuno) - Maitiro akajairika anodiwa:

• Kuongororwa kwemukati me trachea (bronchoscopy)
• Kuongororwa kwemukati meura hukuru (`Colonoscopy`)
• Kuongororwa kwemukati medundira (`Cystoscopy`)
• Kuvhiya mazino
• Kugadziriswa kwemapfupa madiki akatyoka
• Kuvhiyiwa ganda kudiki
• Kuvhiyiwa kwepurasitiki kana kuvakazve
• Kuongororwa kwechikamu chepamusoro chedumbu (Upper endoscopy)

Vanachiremba vanorapisa dumbu ndivo vanopawo mishonga yekudzivirira marwadzo panguva yekusununguka uye vanopa mushonga wekuti vasaita zvekuvhiyiwa (C-sections) .

Chii chaunofanira kutarisira paunoenda kunoona chiremba weanesthesia?

Uchasangana nachiremba wako weanesthesia mazuva mashoma kana mavhiki usati wavhiyiwa. Panguva iyoyo, iye achave nechokwadi chekuti wagadzirira kuvhiyiwa.

Mibvunzo yekukubvunza

Vanokubvunza nezvezvinhu zvakaita sekuti:

• Hutano hwako hwakaita sei?
• Pane here zvimwe zvirwere zvehutano zvakambovapo kare , semuenzaniso, chirwere chemwoyo, chirwere cheshuga, kana asthma?
• Mhando dzemishonga yauri kutora (yakanyorerwa nachiremba, mishonga inotengeswa pasina kunyorerwa chiremba, uye mishonga yekuwedzera).
• Ndezvipi zvirwere zvako zvekusawirirana?
• Kunyangwe iwe kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako akambosangana nematambudziko ekushandisa anesthesia kare. Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru. Zvikuru, zvakakosha kuudza chiremba wako kana wakamboomerwa nekumuka kubva pakunwa anesthesia kare, wagara uchishandisa muchina wekufema kwenguva yakareba kupfuura zvaitarisirwa, wakaita sefivha mushure mekunwa anesthesia, kana kuti wakambonzwa kuda kurutsa zvakanyanya mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Kuongororwa kwemuviri kwakaitwa

Vachaongorora zvinhu izvi pamusoro pako:

• Nzira yekufema - Izvi zvinoreva mazino ako, pahuro, pamutsipa, uye pamitsipa.
• Mwoyo.
• Mapapu.
• Kurova kwemoyo (`Pulse` / `Heart rate`).

Vachaongororawo bvunzo dzeropa rako, maX-ray, maultrasound, uye mishumo yeEKG (electrocardiogram) kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti wagadzirira zvakanaka kuvhiyiwa kwako.

Mushure mekufunga zvese izvi, vachasarudza chirongwa chakakunakira chekushandisa anesthesia - ingave anesthesia yakajairika, anesthesia yemunharaunda, anesthesia yemusana, kana musanganiswa weizvi. Usatya kubvunza mibvunzo yeanesthesia yako. Tsanangura zvavari kukurudzira uye zvekutarisira.

Munhu anova sei chiremba wevanonzwa kurwadziwa?

Kuti uve anesthesiologist, munhu anofanira kuita zvese zvinotevera:

• Dzidzo yemakore mana yepre-medical payunivhesiti uye dhigirii reBachelor.
• Dzidzo yemakore mana kuchikoro chekurapa (`Chikoro chekurapa`) uye dhigirii rekurapa (`MD` kana `DO`).
• Kudzidziswa kwemakore mana kwevadzidzi vepashure pekudzidza ('Residency') muchirongwa cheanesthesia.
• Pamusoro pezvo, kana uchida, unogona zvakare kuwana rimwe gore kana maviri ekudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi ('Fellowship training') . Kureva kuti, mune hunyanzvi hwakanyanya hwakadai secardiology, neurology, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, intensive care, kana management pain.

Mushure mekudzidziswa uku kwepashure pekudzidza, vazhinji vevanorapisa vanowana chitupa chebhodhi neAmerican Board of Anesthesiology (ABA) nekunyora bvunzo dzekunyora nedzemuromo.

Kufanana nevamwe vese vanachiremba, vanachiremba vanorapisa varwere vanofanirwa kupinda misangano nemakirasi mumabasa avo ese kuti vagare vachiziva nezvekuvandudzwa kutsva uye matekinoroji ari mumunda wavo. Vamwe vanoitawo tsvakurudzo kuti vawane nzira itsva uye dziri nani dzekuita kuti munhu arwadziwe.

Ndezvipi zvidzidzo zvepasi pekurapa zvinoitwa nevanorapisa?

Mamwe emabasa ekurapa neanesthesia ndeaya:

• Kugadzirisa marwadzo
• Anesthesia yemwoyo
• Anesthesia yevana
• Anesthesia yeuropi
• Anesthesia yekusununguka
• Kutarisirwa kwakanyanya / kwakasimba
• Kurapa kwekurwadziwa kwenzvimbo / Kurapa marwadzo akanyanya
• Kuchengeta varwere vanorwara zvikuru uye kutarisirwa kwevanoda kurapwa kwenguva pfupi

Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvekurangarira

Kuvhiyiwa kana kuvhiyiwa kwakanyanya kunogona kunetsa zvishoma. Asi yeuka kuti chiremba wako ane ruzivo rwakakosha nehunyanzvi hwekukuchengetedza wakachengeteka panguva yekuvhiyiwa kwako. Vachagadzira chirongwa cheanesthesia chakagadzirirwa iwe.

Usatya kubvunza mibvunzo kuna chiremba wako weanesthesia. Varipo kuti vakubatsire kunzwa wakasununguka uye uine chivimbo nezvekuvhiyiwa kwako. Kuchengetedzeka kwako kwakakosha zvikuru kwavari.

Saka, nguva inotevera iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva paunofanira kuvhiyiwa, ikozvino wava kuziva nezvebasa reanesthesia, handiti? Ndinovimba zvichakuzorodza pfungwa.

Chiremba weAnesthesiologist, anesthesia, kuvhiyiwa, kuvhiyiwa, anesthesia, kugadzirisa marwadzo, Chiremba weAnesthesiologist