Unogara uchihotsira here? Une mhino inoyerera paunomuka mangwanani here? Kana kuti maziso ako anotsvuka uye anokwenya here? Dzimwe nguva unotanga kamwe kamwe kuvaviwa nekukwenya muviri wako. Izvi ndizvo zviratidzo zvatinowanzodaidza kuti "allergies." Panguva dzakadai, tinowanzoenda kupharmacy tokumbira "piritsi reallergy." Ndiwo mhando yemushonga watinotora unonzi antihistamines. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvemishonga iyi, mashandiro ayo, mhando dzayo, migumisiro yayo, uye zvinhu zvekungwarira patinenge tichiishandisa.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi antihistamines idzi?
Mishonga inorwisa histamines imhando yemishonga, yakaita separacetamol neaspirin. Inonyanya kushandiswa kudzora zviratidzo zvine chekuita neallergies . Inonyanya kunyorerwa zvinhu zvatataura pamusoro apa, zvakaita semhino inoyerera, kuhotsira, maziso anokwenya uye ganda.
Asi rudzi urwu rwemushonga harungoshandiswi chete pakurapa allergies, asiwo kune mamwe matambudziko ehutano. Semuenzaniso, kune mishonga iri muchikamu ichi yemamwe matambudziko ekugaya chikafu, akadai segastritis.
Unogona kutenga mishonga yakawanda inorwisa mabhakitiriya mu pharmacy usina kunyorerwa nachiremba. Tinoidaidza kuti (Over-the-counter - OTC). Zvakare, kune mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakasimba inonyorerwa nachiremba. Hatingangoitenge chete mu pharmacy.
Pamusoro pezvo, mimwe yemishonga nemapiritsi atinonwa echikosoro nechikosoro anewo mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
Mushonga uyu unoshanda sei mumuviri?
Kuti tinzwisise izvi, tinofanira kutanga taziva kuti histamine chii.
Funga nezve histamine semutumwa mudiki mumuviri wedu. Masoja edu ekudzivirira muviri anogadzira mutumwa uyu. Rimwe remabasa ayo makuru nderekutumira meseji kune mamwe masero nezvechimwe chinhu chinokuvadza kana chinotyisidzira muviri.
Zvino, ngationei kuti unowana sei chirwere chekurwara nacho. Kana chimwe chinhu chausingade (chatinoti izvi zvinokonzera kurwara) chikapinda mumuviri wako, masoja emuviri wako anofunga kuti, "Wow, pane muvengi mukuru pano!" Ipapo system yacho inotanga kumhanyisa muviri woburitsa mishonga iyi inonzi histamines panguva imwe chete.
Iyi histamine inoenda uye inotumira mameseji kumasero ari munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemuviri.
- "Masero ari mumhino anoudzwa kuti, 'Tanga kugadzira mvura nekukurumidza!'" Ndipo panobva mvura yabuda mumhino.
- "Inoudza masero ari muganda kuti, 'Tanga kukwenya!'" Ndipo panotanga muviri kukwenya.
- "Vanoudza maziso kuti, 'Yatsvuka, svimha misodzi!'" Ndipo panobva maziso atsvuka uye anokwenya.
Anti-histamineIzwi iri pacharo rinoreva "kurwisa histamine." Chinoitwa nemushonga uyu ndechekuvhara meseji inofambiswa nemutumwa anonzi histamine kuti isasvike mumasero. Zvakafanana nekudzima kufona kana kwapinda. Ipapo zviratidzo izvozvo zvekurwara zvinodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, histamine ndiyo "inokonzera" allergy. Antihistamines mishonga inodzora "zviratidzo" zvinokonzerwa nechikonzero ichocho.
Ndedzipi mhando huru dzemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya?
Vanachiremba vanopatsanura mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kuita mhando mbiri huru, zvichibva pamareceptor ehistamine avanovhara. Funga nezvazvo sekunge kune mhando mbiri dzeantennas mumiviri yedu dzinogona kugamuchira mameseji aya ehistamine.
1. Mishonga inorwisa histamine inoshanda pamaH1 receptors
2. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshanda pamareceptor eH2
Zvino ngatitarisei mhando imwe neimwe yemhando idzi zvakasiyana.
H1 antihistamines yekurapa allergies
MaH1 receptors aya akapararira mumiviri yedu yese, kunyanya mumasero etsinga, nzira dzekufema, uye mutsinga dzeropa. Kana paine allergy, histamine inosunga kune aya maH1 receptors. Ndipo panobva zviratidzo zvese zveallergy zvatinoziva. Saka, zvinoitwa neH1 antihistamines kuvharira aya maH1 receptors.
Mashandisirwo makuru emishonga iyi yeH1 antihistamines ndeaya:
- Kurwara neallergy rhinitis - Tinoidaidza kuti chikosoro chinowanzo sangana nemwaka wechando.
- Chirwere chemaziso chinonzi allergic (Allergic conjunctivitis)
- Kurwara neganda, eczema uye mapundu (Atopic dermatitis)
- Utachiona hweSinus (Sinusitis)
- Makonzo
- Kurwara nekufamba - Rudzi urwu rwemushonga runopiwawo pakurutsa nekurutsa paunenge uchifamba mumabhazi kana mumaveni.
- Kushaya hope - Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba vanokurudzirawo rudzi urwu rwemushonga kuti ukubatsire kurara.
Mishonga iyi yeH1 antihistamines yakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri. Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru, nekuti zvakanaka kuziva rudzi rwemushonga wauri kushandisa.
1. Mishonga yekurwisa H1 yechizvarwa chekutanga
Iyi ndiyo mishonga yekutanga yekurwisa mabhakitiriya kuwanikwa. Hunhu hwayo hukuru ndehwekuti inokonzera hope. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mishonga iyi inogona kuyambuka zviri nyore bhandi reropa-uropi rinodzivirira uropi hwedu ropinda muuropi. Ndosaka tichinzwa kuneta uye hope patinoitora.
- Mienzaniso: Chlorpheniramine - (mushonga unozivikanwa nevakawanda muSri Lanka se'Piriton' uri muchikamu ichi), Diphenhydramine, Hydroxyzine.
2. Mishonga yekurwisa mabhakitiriya yechizvarwa chechipiri cheH1
Iyi mishonga ichangoburwa uye yakagadziriswa yekurwisa hope. Chinhu chikuru chakanakira iyi ndechekuti hope dzinodzikira zvakanyanya kana kuti dzinopera zvachose.Izvi hazvikwanise kuyambuka zviri nyore chipingamupinyi cheropa neuropi, saka zvinowanzoonekwa sezvisina njodzi.
- Mienzaniso: Cetirizine, Loratadine, Fexofenadine, Desloratadine.
Mishonga yeH2 antihistamines yekurwadziwa kwemudumbu
MaH2 receptors anonyanya kuwanikwa mumasero anoburitsa acid mudumbu medu. Kana acid yemudumbu ikawedzera, zvirwere zvakaita segastritis, chirungurira, uye acid reflux zvinoitika.
Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yeH2 inovhara maH2 receptors aya uye inoderedza kugadzirwa kweasidhi mudumbu.
Mashandisirwo makuru eizvi ndeaya:
- Chirwere chemaronda emudumbu
- Gastritis uye GERD (chirwere chisingaperi cheacid reflux)
- Chirwere cheZollinger-Ellison
- Mienzaniso: Famotidine, Cimetidine.
Iva nechokwadi chekuyeuka zvinhu izvi paunenge uchishandisa mushonga we antihistamine!
Kunyangwe mishonga yakawanda yekudzivirira chirwere ichi ichiwanikwa pasina muripo wekutenga, tinofanira kungwarira zvikuru patinenge tichiishandisa. Kana ikashandiswa zvisirizvo, inogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba.
| Zvekuita | Zvekusaita (zvakakosha zvikuru) |
|---|---|
| Tevedzera mirairo yachiremba wako nemazvo. Kunyangwe ukatenga mushonga usina kutengwa kubva ku pharmacy, verenga mirairo yacho nokungwarira. | Usambofa wawedzera kaviri dose yawakapihwa. Usafunge kuti, "Kana ndikamwa zvishoma, ndichanzwa zviri nani munguva pfupi." |
| Ziva nguva chaiyo uye kangani yekutora mushonga wako. Mimwe mishonga inotorwa kamwe chete pazuva, nepo mimwe ichida madhigirii akawanda. | Usatore mhando mbiri dzemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya panguva imwe chete usina kurayirwa nachiremba. |
| Kana uri mushonga wechizvarwa chekutanga unokonzera hope, zvakanaka kuutora usati warara husiku . | Musapa vana vari pasi pemakore mana chikosoro chisina kutengwa nechiremba uye mishonga inotonhora ine antihistamines pasina kurayirwa nachiremba. |
| Udza chiremba wako nezve mimwe mishonga yauri kutora. | Usatyaira motokari kana kushandisa michina paunenge uchitora mishonga yechizvarwa chekutanga inokonzera hope. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera tsaona dzakakomba. |
Vanhu vane makore anopfuura 65 nevana vadiki vanonyanya kunzwa migumisiro yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Saka, iva nechokwadi chekubvunza chiremba usati wavapa mushonga uyu.
Ndeipi migumisiro yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya?
Kufanana nemishonga yese, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa. Zvisinei, havasi vese vanoiwana. Migumisiro iyi inosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwemushonga.
| Rudzi rwe antihistamine | Migumisiro inowanzoonekwa |
|---|---|
| H1 antihistamine (yekurapa allergies) | |
| Chizvarwa chekutanga (Mhando dzinokonzera hope) |
|
| Chizvarwa chechipiri (vanhu vasinganyanyi kurara) |
|
| H2 antihistamines (yekurwadziwa kwemudumbu) | |
| H2 antihistamine mushonga wekudzivirira chirwere (semuenzaniso Famotidine) |
|
Mamiriro ezvinhu nenjodzi zvinoda kutariswa kwakakosha
Kana uine chimwe chezvirwere zvinotevera, iva nechokwadi chekutaura nachiremba wako usati watora mushonga we antihistamine.
- Chirwere cheshuga
- Prostate yakakura kana kuoma kuita weti
- Pfari
- Chirwere chemwoyo
- Kukwira kweropa
- Glaucoma (kumanikidzwa kwakawedzerwa muziso)
- Hyperthyroidism
Kupfuura mwero
Kunwa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya zvakanyanya, kunyanya mishonga yechizvarwa chekutanga inokonzera hope, kunogona kuva nengozi zvikuru. Izvi zvinogona kuitika nekukanganisa kana kana zvikatorwa pamwe chete nemimwe mishonga, yakaita semapiritsi ekurara.
Zviratidzo zvekudarika mwero:
- Kurara zvakanyanya
- Kufungidzira zvinhu zvisipo
- Kusagadzikana kwakanyanya uye kushatirwa muvana
- Kuona kusina kujeka
- Kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza (Tachycardia)
- Kubatwa nepfari
Kana iwe kana mwana wako mukawana chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, kurumidzai kuenda naye kuchipatara chiri pedyo neEmergency Department (ETU). Kana, fonerai National Poison Information Centre paColombo National Hospital .
Izvi zvakakodzera here kuna amai vane pamuviri uye vanoyamwisa?
Kana uine pamuviri, uchiedza kuva nepamuviri, kana kuti uchiyamwisa, zvakakosha kuti ubvunze chiremba wako usati watora chero mushonga. Kunyangwe zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti mamwe maantihistamines akachengeteka panguva yekuzvitakura, chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza kuti chii chakakunakira iwe nemwana wako.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya imhando huru yemishonga inoshandiswa kudzora zviratidzo zvekurwara, uye inoshandiswawo kurapa zvimwe zvirwere, zvakaita segastritis.
- Kune mhando mbiri huru: H1 (yeallergies) uye H2 (yekurwadziwa kwemudumbu).
- Rudzi rweH1 runouyawo muzvikamu zviviri: rwechizvarwa chekutanga runokonzera hope , nepo rwechipiri rune hope shoma.
- Usambofa wakatyaira mota mushure mekutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inokonzera hope.
- Gara uchitevera mwero wemushonga nemirairo yakapihwa nachiremba wako kana papepa riri mupakeji. Usatore wakawandisa.
- Kana uine zvimwe zvirwere, une pamuviri, kana kuti uri amai vanoyamwisa, iva nechokwadi chekubvunza chiremba usati watora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
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