Amai nababa vese vanotya pavanoona mwana achangoberekwa achichinja ruvara rwebhuruu uye achinetseka kufema. Dzimwe nguva chikonzero cheizvi idambudziko remwoyo raakaberekwa naro. Kana vanachiremba vakakuudza nezvedambudziko remwoyo wemwana wako uye kuti vanofanira kuita oparesheni ye'Arterial Switch', zvakajairika kunzwa mutoro mukuru nekutya. Asi usatya. Nhasi, tichataura nezvazvo nenzira iri nyore kuti unzwisise uye uwane mhinduro dzemibvunzo yakawanda iri mupfungwa dzako.
Chii chinonzi Arterial Switch surgery iyi?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kuchinja kwetsinga dzeropa (arterial switch) kuvhiyiwa kwemwoyo kusingawanzoitiki, asi kwakakosha zvikuru, kunoitwa pavana vacheche. Kunosanganisira kuisa tsinga mbiri huru dzeropa dziri mumoyo wemwana, aorta nepulmonary artery, panzvimbo yadzo yakajairika.
Funga nezvemiviri yedu senzira yemapombi. Kana mapaipi asina kunaka akabatana nenzvimbo dzisina kunaka, zvinhu zvinogona kuipa. Chiremba anovhiya anobatanidza aorta yemwana neventricle yekuruboshwe yemoyo uye tsinga yemapapu neventricle yekurudyi. Kuvhiya uku kunowanzoitwa mukati memavhiki maviri ekutanga ekuzvarwa kwemwana.
Kuvhiyiwa uku kunorapa chirwere cherudzii?
Kuvhiyiwa uku kunorapa chirwere chemwoyo chekuzvarwa nacho chinonzi d-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) , umo mitsipa miviri mikuru yeropa inobuda mumoyo yakabatana munzvimbo dzisiridzo pakuzvarwa.
MuD-TGA, ropa risina okisijeni uye risina kuchena rinotenderera mumuviri wese pane kuenda kumapapu kunocheneswa. Saizvozvowo, ropa rine okisijeni yakawanda rinobva kumapapu rinodzokera kumapapu pane kuenda kumuviri. Izvi zvinodzivirira mwana kuti asawane okisijeni yaanoda.
Kuvhiyiwa kweArterial Switch kunogadzirisa dambudziko iri. Izvi zvinoita kuti ropa remwana rifambe zvakanaka, mwero weokisijeni unodzokera pakuva wakajairika, uye mashandiro emwoyo anovandudzika. Kuvhiyiwa uku kunopa mwana wako mukana wakasimba wekukura kuva munhu mukuru ane hutano.
Chii chaunoita usati wavhiyiwa?
Vanachiremba vanoita zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti vagadzikane mamiriro emwana asati avhiyiwa uye kuti muviri uwane okisijeni yakawanda sezvinobvira.
- Septostomy: Iyi inzira yenguva pfupi. Kaburi kadiki kanogadzirwa pakati pemakamuri emwoyo kuti ropa rine oxygen risanganiswe neropa risina oxygen yakawanda.
- Chinofefetedza: Chakabatanidzwa nemuchina kuti zvive nyore kuti mwana akwanise kufema.
- Mishonga: Mishonga yakaita se'Prostaglandin' inopihwa kuchengetedza mitsipa yeropa yakavhurika uye kuwedzera kuyerera kweokisijeni mumuviri.
Uyewo, pakugadzirira kuvhiyiwa, bvunzo dzinoverengeka dzisingarwadzi dzinoitwa, dzakadai se echocardiogram (kuongororwa kwemoyo), chest X-ray, uye EKG (electrocardiogram) kuti vaone saizi uye mashandiro emwoyo wemwana.
Chii chinoitika panguva yekuvhiyiwa?
Uku kuvhiyiwa kwakaoma kunotora maawa akawanda. Ngatingonzwisisai zvinoitika panyaya iyi.
| Danho reMaitiro | Nemashoko akareruka... |
|---|---|
| Kuvhiyiwa kwe sternum (kuvhurwa kwe sternum) | Chiremba anovhura chipfuva chemwana pakati osvika pamoyo. |
| Kupfuura Nemwoyo Nemapapu | Munguva yekuvhiyiwa, moyo nemapapu zvinovhiyiwa nemuchina wakakosha (muchina wemwoyo nemapapu). Muchina uyu unochenesa ropa woripomba kuti ridzokere mumuviri. |
| Kuponesa uye kutamisa arterial | Aorta netsinga dzemapapu zvisina kubatana zvakanaka zvinobviswa pamoyo. |
| Kubatanidzwazve kwetsinga yemoyo | Ichi ndicho chikamu chakakosha uye chinonetsa pakuvhiyiwa. Mitsipa midiki yeropa inoendesa ropa kumoyo pachayo inobviswa nokungwarira kubva muaorta isina kuiswa zvakanaka yobatanidzwazve neaorta ichangobva kubatana panzvimbo chaiyo. |
| Kubatanidzwazve kwetsinga | Aorta yakabatana ne ventricle yekuruboshwe uye tsinga yemapapu ne ventricle yekurudyi munzvimbo dzayo dzakakodzera. |
| Kuvharwa kwechipfuva | Kana zvese zvaitwa nemazvo, chiremba anovhara chipfuva chemwana zvakare. |
Chii chinoitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa?
Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, mwana wako achaiswa mukamuri revanorwara zvakanyanya (ICU) kwemazuva mashoma. Paunoenda kunoona mwana wako, uchaona machubhu akawanda, waya, nemichina yakabatana naye. Izvi zvinogona kutyisa, asi usazvidya mwoyo. Yeuka, michina yese iyi iripo kuti iongorore mwana wako uye imubatsire kupora nekukurumidza.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira, mwero wekubudirira, uye njodzi dzekuvhiyiwa uku?
Zvakanakira uye kubudirira
Uku kuvhiyiwa kunoponesa hupenyu. Kunopa mwana mweya wekufema waanoda, zvichiita kuti akure zvakanaka.
- Pasina kuvhiyiwa, 50% yevana vane D-TGA vanofa mukati memwedzi wekutanga.
- Asi mwero wekubudirira mushure mekuvhiyiwa wakakwira zvikuru. Njodzi yekufa iri pasi pe2%.
- Zvakataurwa kuti vanhu vanosvika 96% vakavhiyiwa vachiri vapenyu mushure memakore 25. Vana vazhinji vanogona kurarama hupenyu hwakajairika vasina zvirambidzo zvekurovedza muviri.
Matambudziko Anogona Kuitika (Njodzi)
Kashoma kuti pave nematambudziko mushure memakore akawanda.
- Kuvharika kwetsinga dzemwoyo kana nzira yekubuda kubva mu ventricle yekurudyi.
- Kukura kana kutetepa kwetsinga dzeropa dzakabatana.
- Mavharuvhu emwoyo anobuda.
Kana matambudziko aya akaitika, kuvhiyiwa kumwe kungada kugadziriswa gare gare. Uyewo, nekuda kwehuwandu hwemhepo yakachena pakuzvarwa, vamwe vana vanogona kuzova nematambudziko mashoma muzvinhu zvakaita sekurangarira, kutarisisa, kana kunyange kuzvidya mwoyo kudiki. Zvakakosha kuziva izvi pachine nguva. Zvadaro, kana ukaona chero shanduko mumwana wako, unogona kupa rubatsiro runodiwa nekukurumidza.
Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti munhu apore uye apiwe mazano ekurapwa?
Mwana anowanzo gara muchipatara kwemavhiki maviri . Kupora kunoramba kuripo kunyangwe mushure mekunge maenda kumba. Chiremba achakupai mazano ekuti mungachengeta sei ronda uye mishonga yekupa.
Unoda kuona chiremba zvakare here?
Ehe, zvechokwadi. Unofanira kuenda kumba wonoona chiremba wevana mushure mevhiki imwe kana maviri. Unofanirawo kuona chiremba wemwoyo wevana.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti mwana wako aende kunoongororwa nachiremba kamwe chete pagore muhupenyu hwake hwese. Izvi zvinoita kuti kana paine matambudziko amuka, azivikanwe asati anyanya kuipa.
Kana uchida kufonera chiremba nekukasika
Mushure mekudzokera kumba, kana ronda remwana wako rikatsvuka, rakazvimba, kana kuti richibuda mvura, kana kuti kana aine fivha , fonera timu yako yezvekurapa nekukasika.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kuvhiya kweArterial Switch kuvhiya kwakakosha uye kunobudirira zvikuru kunoponesa hupenyu hwevacheche vane D-TGA.
- Kunyange zvazvo uku kuri kuvhiyiwa kukuru, vana vazhinji vanogona kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka uye hwakanaka mushure mezvo.
- Usatya michina nemachubhu zvaunoona muICU mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Zvese zviripo kuti mwana wako apore nekukurumidza.
- Mwana wako achada kuongororwa nachiremba muhupenyu hwake hwese. Iva nechokwadi chekuti unomutevera.
- Semubereki, ikodzero yako kukurukura chero mibvunzo, zvinokunetsa, kana kusava nechokwadi kwauinako nachiremba wako. Vanogara vakagadzirira kukubatsira.
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