Wakambozvibvunza here kuti mweya unopinda sei mumapapu ako kana uchifema? Tinofema nekubuda pasina dambudziko. Asi shure kweizvi, kune sisitimu inoshamisa mumuviri wedu. Chikamu chakakosha kwazvo chesisitimu iyi, asi chatisingataure zvakawanda nezvayo, ibronchi. Kufanana nemigwagwa iri mumotokari, idzi ndidzo nzira huru dzinotakura mweya kuenda kumapapu ako. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvemabronchi aya, kuti chii, zvaanoita, uye kuti tingaachengetedza sei aine hutano.
Saka chii chinonzi bronchi idzi?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, bronchi inzira yemachubhu makuru anotakura mweya kuenda kumapapu edu . Unoyeuka here kuti tine chubhu huru yekufema mumutsipa medu, yatinodaidza kuti trachea. Yakafanana nehunde yemuti. Iyi trachea inopinda muchipfuva yopatsanurana kuita matavi maviri makuru. Rimwe rinoenda kumapapu ekurudyi uye rimwe kuenda kumapapu ekuruboshwe. Matavi maviri makuru iwayo ndiwo atinodaidza kuti bronchi huru .
Zvadaro, mabronchi aya makuru, semapazi emuti, anopatsanurana kuita machubhu madiki nemadiki ari mukati memapapu. Sisitimu iyi yese chikamu chakakosha chesisitimu yedu yekufema. Pasina sisitimu iyi, mweya watinofema haungasviki mumasagi emhepo (alveoli) ari mumapapu.
Basa chairo rebronchi nderipi?
Basa guru uye rinokosha rebronchi nderekuunza mweya mumapapu uye kutakura mweya kubva mumapapu. Asi kwete izvozvo chete, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoitika panguva ino.
1. Nzira yekufema: Patinofema, mweya unopinda nemumhino kana mumuromo, unofamba uchidzika nemu trachea, uchipfuura nemu bronchi, wobva wapfuura nemumachubhu madiki (bronchioles) wozopedzisira wapinda mualveoli. Apa ndipo panopindwa okisijeni mumhepo muropa.
2. Kuchenesa uye kunyorovesa mhepo: Mukati memachubhu edu ebronchial makafukidzwa nechikamu chemuto . Izvi zvinopa hunyoro hunodiwa kumhepo yatinofema. Zvakare, utachiona hwakadai seguruva, mavhairasi, uye mabhakitiriya anouya nemhepo anonamira pachikamu ichi chemuto.
3. Mudziviriri: Utachiona neguruva izvi zvine manyoka zvinobuda sei? Pane nzira yakanaka yekuita izvozvo zvakare. Mukati memachubhu ebronchial mune mamiriyoni ezvimiro zvidiki zvakaita sebvudzi zvinonzi cilia . Semitsvairo iri kutsvaira migwagwa, manyoka aya anofamba achikwira kumusoro, achisundira ivhu rakanamira mumadzihwa kuenda kuhuro. Zvadaro , patinokosora kana kuhotsira, zvinhu izvi zvisingadiwi zvinorasirwa kunze kwemuviri. Fungidzira dai hurongwa uhwu husina, guruva rese nehutachiona mukufema kwese kwatinotora zvaizopinda mumapapu zvichikonzera marudzi ese ezvirwere!
Nzira imwechete iyi inoshandiswa patinoburitsa mweya. Gasi recarbon dioxide risingadiwe riri muropa rinopinda mumabhegi emhepo, kubva ipapo richifamba richikwira nemubronchi, uye rozoburitswa mweya.
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinowanzo kanganisa bronchi?
Masisitimu edu ekufema anogona kukanganiswa nezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Apa ndipo patinosangana nematambudziko ekufema uye kukosora. Ngatitarisei muchidimbu zvimwe zvezvirwere zvikuru zviri patafura iri pazasi.
| Mamiriro | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore... |
|---|---|
| Asima | Kuzvimba kwenguva refu kwemachubhu ebronchial kunoita kuti azvimbe uye atete, zvichiita kuti zviome kufema. |
| Kubata kwebronchitis | Kuzvimba kwemachubhu ebronchial nekuda kwehutachiona. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kwenguva pfupi (zvichiitika nedzihwa kana furuu) kana kwenguva refu (zvinowanzoonekwa nevanhu vanoputa fodya). |
| Bronchiectasis | Dambudziko rekuti machubhu ebronchial anokuvara, zvichiramba zvichikura uye zvichigadzira masaga anounganidza madzihwa. |
| COPD (Chirwere Chisingaperi Chekudzivirira Mapupa) | Boka rezvirwere zvinokanganisa kufamba kwemhepo mumapapu. Chirwere chebronchitis chinowanikwa muboka iri. |
| Cystic Fibrosis | Chirwere chemajini chinowanikwa pakuzvarwa. Zvinobuda mumuviri, kunyanya madzihwa, zvinokora uye zvinonamira, zvichikonzera kuvharika kwemachubhu ebronchial. |
Ungaziva sei dambudziko rebronchi?
Kana paine dambudziko nebronchi yako, muviri wako uchakupa zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana nezvazvo. Kana chimwe chezvizvi chikaramba chiripo, zvakakosha kuti uone chiremba.
- Kukosora: Kukosora kunogara kwenguva refu, dzimwe nguva nemadzihwa.
- Kushaya mweya wekufema zvakanaka (dyspnea): Kushaya mweya wekufema zvakanaka kunyangwe paine zvinhu zvidiki, uchinzwa sekuti chipfuva chako chakamanikana.
- Kufemera: Kurira kwemuridzo kushoma kunobva pachipfuva kana uchifemera mukati kana kunze.
- Kukosora ropa: Kukosora ropa shoma rine manyoka.
- Kubata chipfuva: Kunzwa sekunge bhandi riri kusungwa rakatenderedza chipfuva.
- Kurwara nezvirwere zvekufema: Kana uchigara uchirwara nedzihwa nezvirwere zvemapapu.
- Kuneta: Kunzwa kuneta kupfuura zvakajairika.
Ndezvipi zviedzo zvinoongorora hutano hwebronchi?
Kana uine zviratidzo zviri pamusoro apa, chiremba wako anogona kukutumira kune dzimwe nzvimbo kuti uongororwe kuti aone kana chirwere chako chiri chechokwadi.
| Bvunzo | Unoitei neizvi? |
|---|---|
| Spirometry | Iyi ibvunzo huru inoyera mashandiro emapapu. Inoyera kuti mweya wakawanda sei waunogona kubudisa nechisimba. |
| Bronchoscopy | Chubhu yakatetepa, inochinjika ine kamera yakabatanidzwa inopinzwa nepamhino kana muromo uye inoonekwa zvakananga mukati memachubhu ebronchial. |
| Kuongororwa kweCT | Nzira yakakosha yeX-ray inotora mifananidzo yemapapu nebronchi kubva muchikamu chimwe kuenda kune chimwe uye inogadzira mufananidzo wakadzama pakombuta. |
| Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS) | Izvi zvinoitwa pamwe chete nebronchoscopy. Muchina we ultrasound uri kumagumo kwechubhu unoshandiswa kuongorora madziro ebronchial nenyama dzakapoteredza. |
Tingachengetedza sei nzira dzedu dzekufema dzakasimba?
Pane zvimwe zvinhu zviri nyore, asi zvakakosha zvikuru zvatinogona kuita kuti bronchi yedu nehurongwa hwese hwekufema hurambe hwakanaka.
- Dzivisa kusvuta zvachose: Dzivisa fodya, beedis, kana vaping. Iri ndiro basa guru raunogona kuitira mapapu ako. Kufema utsi hwemunhu anosvuta kunewo njodzi huru.
- Zvidzivirire kubva kuguruva nekusvibiswa kwemhepo: Pfeka chifukidziro chemaziso kana uri munzvimbo dzine guruva rakawanda kana makemikari. Chengeta imba yako yakachena.
- Kurovedza muviri nguva dzose: Kurovedza muviri kunosimbisa mwoyo nemapapu ako.
- Zvidzivirire kubva kuzvirwere: Geza maoko ako nguva nenguva. Dzivisa nzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda panguva yefuruwenza nedzihwa. Wana majekiseni anodiwa sezvakarairwa nachiremba wako.
- Idya chikafu chakakwana: Kudya chikafu chinovaka muviri kunowedzera simba remuviri rekudzivirira chirwere.
Yeuka kuti kusvuta kunoparadza zvachose dziviriro isina kusimba (cilia) yebronchi yako, zvichivhura mukana wezvirwere zvakakomba.
Nguva yekutsvaga mazano ekurapa nekukasika
Kana uchikosora kana kufema zvisina kunaka, enda kuna chiremba wemhuri yako. Zvisinei, kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera zvekukurumidzira , enda kuEmergency Department (ETU) yechipatara chiri pedyo nekukasika.
| Dambudziko! Kana uine zviratidzo izvi, enda kuETU nekukasika! | |
|---|---|
| Bhuruu/grey/kuchenuruka kwemiromo, ganda, kana nzara (Cyanosis) | Ichi chiratidzo chakasimba chekuti ropa harisi kuwana okisijeni inodiwa. |
| Kudhonza chipfuva | Ganda riri pachipfuva rinoita seriri kunyura pakati pembabvu kana richifema. |
| Kuwedzera kwekufema | Kufema nekukurumidza, kunyangwe paunenge wakazorora, pasina chikonzero chaicho. |
| Kuputika kwemhino | Kuputika kwemhino kana uchiedza kufema. |
| Kufemereka | Ruzha rwakakwirira runonzwika kana munhu achifemera mukati kana kunze. |
Bronchi yedu inhengo inokosha zvikuru inodzivirira hupenyu hwedu chinyararire. Ibasa redu kuitarisira uye kusairega ichikuvadzwa.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Bronchi ndiyo nzira huru yemachubhu anotakura mweya kuenda kumapapu edu.
- Pamusoro pekufambisa mhepo, izvi zvinochenesa uye zvinonyorovesa mhepo.
- Zvirwere zvakaita seasthma nebronchitis zvinowanzobata bronchi.
- Usaregeredza zviratidzo zvakaita sekukosora kusingaperi, kufemera, kana kufemera pachipfuva. Ona chiremba wako nekukasika.
- Chinhu chakanakisa chaungaita kuti mapapu ako agare akasimba ndechekurega kusvuta zvachose.
- Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvekukurumidzira zvakaita sekuoma kufema zvakanyanya kana miromo yebhuruu, enda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara nekukasika.
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