Kana chiremba akakuudza kuti mwana wako ane Down Syndrome, unganzwa kutya kukuru uye kuvhunduka. Izvozvo zvakajairika. Mibvunzo yakaita sekuti "Ndoita sei izvozvi?" uye "Remangwana remwana wangu richava rakaita sei?" ingangove iri mupfungwa dzako. Usazvidya mwoyo. Tichataura nezvese nenzira iri nyore yaunogona kunzwisisa. Paunopedza kuverenga chinyorwa chino, unenge wava kunzwisisa zviri nani chirwere ichi.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Down syndrome?

Zvakanaka, kuti tinzwisise izvi, ngatitangei nechinhu chakakosha mumuviri wedu. Muviri wedu wakaumbwa nemamiriyoni emasero madiki. Mukati mesero rimwe nerimwe mune "mirairo" ine ruzivo rwese rwekuti muviri wedu unofanira kushanda sei, chitarisiko chedu, kureba kwedu, uye ruvara rwemaziso edu. Mukurapa, mabhuku aya emirairo tinodana machromosomes .

Kazhinji, sero rega rega riri mumunhu ane hutano rine ma chromosomes makumi maviri nematatu, zvichiita kuti pave nema chromosomes makumi mana nematanhatu . Chinoitika kumwana ane Down syndrome ndechekuti pane kopi ye chromosome 21 yakawedzerwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti masero emwana ane ma chromosome makumi mana nemanomwe panzvimbo pe46.

Pane chikonzero chaicho chechirwere ichi here? Ndiani ari panjodzi huru?

Uyu mubvunzo unobvunzwa nevabereki vazhinji. "Isu tiri isu here?" vanoshamisika. Ehe kwete. Down syndrome haisi chirwere chinokonzerwa nechero chinhu chakaitwa nevabereki vasati vasvika kana panguva yekuzvitakura. Chinoitika zvishoma nezvishoma. Kureva kuti, chinoitika netsaona panguva yekupatsanurwa kwemasero kunoitika apo mbeu nezai zvinosangana panguva yekubata pamuviri.

Zvisinei, tsvakiridzo yakawana kuti njodzi yekuva nemwana ane Down syndrome inowedzera zvishoma sezvo zera raamai richiwedzera . Njodzi iyi yakanyanya kuvakadzi vane makore anopfuura makumi matatu nemashanu. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti chirwere ichi hachiitike kuna vanaamai vari pasi pemakore makumi matatu nemashanu. Kutaura zvazviri, nekuda kwekuti vakadzi vari pasi pemakore makumi matatu nemashanu vanobereka vana vakawanda, ruzhinji rwevana vane Down syndrome vanozvarwa navanaamai vari pasi pemakore makumi matatu nemashanu.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa nemwana ane Down syndrome?

Vana vane Down syndrome vane zvimwe zvinhu zvakafanana mumuviri, mupfungwa, uye mumaitiro. Zvisinei, hazvisi zvese izvi zvinowanikwa mumwana wese.Tinofanirawo kurangarira kuti hunhu hwehunhu ihwohwo hunogona kusiyana kubva pamwana nemwana.

Kuwedzera kune zviratidzo izvi, mamwe matambudziko ehutano anogona kumuka mwana achikura. Semuenzaniso, hutachiona hwenzeve, matambudziko ekuona, matambudziko emazino, obstructive sleep apnea, uye vamwe vana vanogona kunge vaine chirwere chemwoyo chekuzvarwa nacho . Saka, chiremba acharamba achiongorora vana ava.

Kune marudzi matatu makuru eDown syndrome.

Down syndrome yakakamurwa kuita mhando nhatu huru, zvichienderana nekuti chromosome iyoyo ye21st iri sei mumasero.

1. Trisomy 21: Iyi ndiyo mhando inonyanya kuwanikwa . Inobata 95% yevanhu vane Down syndrome. Rudzi urwu runoratidzwa nekuvapo kwemakopi matatu echromosome 21 musero rega rega remuviri, pachinzvimbo pemakopi maviri.

2. Translocation Down Syndrome: Izvi hazviwanzoitiki. Vanhu vanosvika 4% vane Down syndrome ndeverudzi urwu. Chinoitika pano ndechekuti yese kana chikamu chechromosome 21 inotamira kune imwe chromosome yozvibatanidza.

3. Mosaic Down Syndrome: Iyi ndiyo mhando isingawanzoonekwi (isingasviki 1%). Chinoitika pano ndechekuti chromosome ye21st yakawedzerwa inowanikwa mune mamwe masero emuviri chete. Mamwe masero anowanzova nemachromosome 46. Nekuda kweizvi, zviratidzo zvevana ava zvinogona kunge zvishoma pane zvakajairika.

Ungaziva sei chirwere ichi?

Down syndrome inogona kuonekwa mwana asati aberekwa kana kuti mushure mekuzvarwa.

Mwana asati aberekwa (panguva yekuzvitakura)

Kune mhando mbiri dzebvunzo dzinoitwa panguva yekuzvitakura.

• Kuongororwa kwemwana: Izvi zvinoshandiswa kuona njodzi yekuti mwana awane Down syndrome. Izvi zvinoitwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa ropa kubva kuna amai uye ne ultrasound scan. Kuongororwa uku kunoyera zvinhu zvakaita sehuwandu hwemvura iri kumashure kwemutsipa wemwana. Kana bvunzo iyi ikaratidza kuti pane njodzi, uchatumirwa kunoongororwazve kuti zvisimbiswe.
• Kuongororwa kwechirwere: Izvi zvakanyatsojeka pakuona kana mwana ane Down syndrome. Miedzo mikuru yeizvi ndeyeAmniocentesis neChorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) . Izvi zvinosanganisira kutora sampuro diki yeamniotic fluid kana placenta yakakomberedza mwana uye kuyedza machromosomes.

Mushure mekunge mwana azvarwa

Mwana paanongoberekwa, vanachiremba vachaongorora chitarisiko chemuviri wemwana. Vachatsvaga zvinhu zvakajairika zvatakambotaura nezvazvo. Kana paine chinofungidzirwa kuti chirwere cheDown syndrome, kuongororwa kweropa kunonzi karyotype kunoitwa kuti zvisimbiswe. Ropa diki rinotorwa kubva kumwana rinogona kuongororwa nemaikorosikopu kuti vaone kana paine kopi yekuwedzera yechromosome 21.

Kurapwa nerutsigiro - ungabatsira sei mwana?

Down syndrome haisi chirwere chinorapika zvachose. Ichirwere chehupenyu hwese. Zvisinei, nekurapwa kwakakodzera, kurapwa, uye rutsigiro rwerudo, mwana anogona kubatsirwa kurarama hupenyu hunofadza uye hune hutano zvakakwana sezvinobvira.

Sarudzo dzekurapa dzinosanganisira:

• Kurapa Kwemuviri: Kunobatsira kusimbisa tsandanyama uye kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwekufamba-famba hwakadai sekufamba nekushambira.
• Kurapa Kwebasa: Kunovandudza hunyanzvi hunodiwa kuti uite mabasa ezuva nezuva zviri nyore, akadai sekupfeka, kudya, uye kubata peni.
• Kurapa Kutaura: Kunokubatsira kutaura zvakajeka, kunzwisisa zvinotaurwa nevamwe, uye kutaura zvaunofunga.
• Zvirongwa zvedzidzo yakakosha: Mabasa ekudzidzisa anoitwa kuchikoro nenzira inoenderana nehunyanzvi hwemwana hwekudzidza.
• Kurapa mamwe matambudziko ehutano: Kana paine chero mamiriro ezvinhu akadai sechirwere chemwoyo kana matambudziko ethyroid, ipai kurapwa kwakakodzera.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvinofanira kutariswa maererano nehutano hwemwana

Vana vane Down syndrome vari panjodzi huru yekusangana nematambudziko ehutano, saka zvakakosha kuziva izvi.

• Chirwere chemwoyo: Vana vazhinji vanogona kuva nechirwere chemwoyo chekuzvarwa nacho. Vamwe vavo vanoda kuvhiyiwa.
• Matambudziko ethyroid: Mahormone ethyroid anogona kunge akaderera kana kuti akakwira.
• Matambudziko ekugaya chikafu: Zvirwere zvakaita sekuvimbiwa uye gastritis zvinowanzoitika.
• Chirwere cheAlzheimer: Vanhu vane Down syndrome vari panjodzi yakakura yekubatwa nechirwere cheAlzheimer, chirwere chinokonzera kurasikirwa nendangariro, sezvavanokura. Jini riri pachromosome 21 rakawanikwa richibatanidzwa mune izvi.

Saka, zvakakosha kugara uchitsvaka mazano echiremba maererano nekukura kwemwana uye hutano hwake.

Rutsigiro rwamunowana sevabereki

Usanetseka uri wega nemanzwiro aunonzwa paunoziva kuti mwana wako ane Down syndrome. Hausi wega.

• Vanachiremba nevarapi: Bvunzai timu yehutano yemwana wenyu. Bvunzai mibvunzo.
• Kupa Mazano: Unogona kutsvaga mazano ekutaura nezvekutya kwako uye zvinokunetsa.
• Mapoka Ekutsigirana: Batana nevamwe vabereki vane vana vane Down syndrome. Unogona kudzidza zvakawanda kubva pane zvakaitika kwavari. Zvinokurudzirawo kuziva kuti hausi wega uri kufamba nerwendo urwu.

Kuchengeta mwana ane Down syndrome kunogona kuva kwakaoma. Asi zvakare chiitiko chinoshandura hupenyu uye chine rudo. Vana ava vane rudo zvikuru uye vanoda kufara. Nerutsigiro rwakakodzera, ivowo vanogona kuenda kuchikoro, kuita shamwari, kuwana basa, uye kurarama hupenyu hunobudirira.