Dzimwe nguva, ndangariro yekare mupfungwa dzedu inouya ichititevera sechipoko, handiti? Ruzha rudiki, kunhuhwirira, kana chimwe chinhu chatinoona zvinongoerekana zvatanga pfungwa dzedu, uye zvinonzwa sekunge chiitiko ichocho chekare chinorwadza chiri kuitika pamberi pemaziso edu zvakare. Nhasi, tichataura nezvenzira itsva yekurapa, asi inoshanda zvikuru inotibatsira kupora kubva muzviitiko zvakadaro zvinorwadza. Izvi zvinonzi EMDR therapy.
Chii chinonzi EMDR? Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore...
Zvinorehwa zvizere neEMDR ndezvekuti Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing . MuchiSinhala, zvakafanana nekubvisa kunzwa kwendangariro dzinorwadza mupfungwa kuburikidza nekufamba kwemaziso uye kudzigadzirisa nemazvo. Zviri nyore kwazvo, handiti? Iyi inzira yakakosha yekurapa hutano hwepfungwa.
Munzira iyi, unofambisa maziso ako nenzira yakatarwa uchifunga nezvendangariro dzekare dziri kukunetsa. Chinangwa chikuru cheizvi ndechekukuporesa kubva mukushungurudzika kana imwe njodzi muhupenyu. Kana tichienzanisa nedzimwe nzira dzekurapa, EMDR inzira itsva. Tsvagiridzo yekutanga pane izvi yakaitwa muna 1989. Zvisinei, zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvakaitwa kubva ipapo zvakaratidza kuti nzira iyi inoshanda zvikuru uye kuti inogona kuwana mhedzisiro nekukurumidza kupfuura dzimwe nzira.
Kurapa uku kunonyanya kubatsira ani?
Kurapa neEMDR kunogona kubatsira vanhu vane matambudziko akasiyana-siyana ehutano hwepfungwa. Kunogona kushandiswa nemunhu wese, kunyanya vana vadiki, vakuru, uye chero ani zvake wezera ripi zvaro. Vamwe varapi vakadzidziswa zvakanyanya kushandisa mushonga uyu pavana vadiki.
Sei kurapwa uku kwakakosha kudaro?
Chimwe chezvakanakira zvikuru zveizvi ndechekuti haufanirwe kutaura zvakadzama nezvechiitiko chinorwadza. Kune vamwe vanhu, kutaura nezvechiitiko ichi kakawanda kunogona kuva chiitiko chinorwadza zvikuru.
Kurapa kweEMDR kunotarisa pakuchinja manzwiro, pfungwa, uye maitiro anokonzerwa nechiitiko chinoshungurudza. Izvi zvinobvumira uropi hwako kutangazve kupora kwahwo.
Funga nezvazvo, kana tikawana ronda paruoko rwedu, tinorirega richipora. Asi kana chimwe chinhu chikabatirira mukati meronda iroro, hachipore zvakanaka, chinopera. Kukuvara kwakafanana. Ndangariro iyoyo inobatirira muuropi, haigadziriswe zvakanaka. Chinoitwa neEMDR kusunungura ndangariro iyoyo inobatirira uye kubatsira uropi kuigadzirisa zvakanaka.
Kunyangwe tichishandisa mazwi ekuti "uropi" uye "pfungwa" kureva chinhu chimwe chete, zvakasiyana chaizvo. Uropi inhengo iri mumuviri wedu. Asi pfungwaNdiwo matiri, huwandu hwepfungwa dzedu, ndangariro dzedu, zvatinotenda, uye zvakaitika. Mashandiro anoita pfungwa dzedu zvinoenderana nechimiro cheuropi hwedu. Masero aya europi akabatana uye anoita setiweki. Ndosaka tichingoerekana tayeuka ndangariro dzekare pamwe chete nezvinhu zvatinoona, zvatinonzwa, zvatinonzwa, uye zvatinonhuwidza.
EMDR inoshanda sei? Chii chinoitika mukati meuropi...
Kurapa kweEMDR kwakavakirwa pamuenzaniso unonzi Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) , unotsanangura kuti uropi hwedu hunochengeta sei ndangariro. Zvichienderana nedzidziso iyi, uropi hwedu hunochengeta ndangariro dzakajairika nendangariro dzinoshungurudza munzira mbiri.
Muzviitiko zvakajairika, uropi hunochengeta ndangariro iyoyo nenzira yakarongeka uye hunoibatanidza nedzimwe ndangariro, zvakafanana nekuisa mabhuku muraibhurari.
Asi patinosangana nechiitiko chinoshungurudza kana chinoshungurudza zvikuru, uropi hunomira "kunze kwewebhu." Kubatana kuripo pakati pezvatinosangana nazvo (zvatinoona, zvatinonzwa, uye zvatinonzwa) nendangariro inochengetwa neuropi kuburikidza nemutauro kunorasika. Ndangariro iyoyo inonamira panzvimbo imwe muuropi, isina kurongeka, uye isingakwanise kuporesa.
Izvi zvakafanana neronda repfungwa . Nekuti ronda harina kuwana mukana wekupora, uropi hahuna kugamuchira meseji yekuti "tsaona yapera." Saka, kana chimwe chinhu chakafanana nechiitiko ichi (semuenzaniso ruzha, kunhuhwirira) chikauya, ndangariro iyoyo "inotanga." Ipapo kutya, hasha, uye kuzvidya mwoyo zvekare zvinotanga kudzoka kutitambudza. Zvinoita sekunge chiitiko ichi chiri kuitika zvakare. Kudzokera shure kwatinoona muPTSD muenzaniso wakanaka weizvi.
Kurapa neEMDR kunosanganisira kuwana ndangariro iyoyo yakavharirwa, inorwadza nenzira yakakosha. Nekufamba kwemaziso, uropi hunobatsirwa kugadzirisa ndangariro iyoyo. Zvadaro, ndangariro inochengetwa muuropi nenzira yakarongeka uye yakarurama.
Mushure mekurapwa, uchayeuka chiitiko chacho. Asi kunzwa kwekuchidzokorora, kurwadziwa kusingatsungiririki kunouya nacho, kuchanyangarika. Ndangariro haizodzori hupenyu hwako.
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvepfungwa zvinorapwa neEMDR?
Kunyangwe kurapwa kweEMDR kuchinyanya kushandiswa pakurapa Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) , kunoshandiswawo zvinobudirira kune mamwe matambudziko mazhinji ehutano hwepfungwa.
- Matambudziko ekuzvidya mwoyo: Semuenzaniso, kuzvidya mwoyo kwakajairika, kutya, uye kuzvidya mwoyo kwevanhu.
- Matambudziko ekuora mwoyo: Kuora mwoyo kukuru, pamwe nekuora mwoyo kwenguva refu.
- Matambudziko Ekudya: Matambudziko akadai seAnorexia Nervosa neBulimia Nervosa.
- Matambudziko eObsessive-Compulsive: Matambudziko akadai seOCD.
- Matambudziko eHunhu: Semuenzaniso, Borderline Personality Disorder.
- Matambudziko eDissociative: Matambudziko akadai sekukanganwa kuti uri ani uye kuti uri kupi.
Matanho masere ekurapa kweEMDR
Kurapa kweEMDR kunowanzova nematanho masere. Matanho ese aya haaitiki pazuva rimwe chete. Matanho aya anopedzwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuyeuka kunorwadza kamwe chete kunowanzoita zvikamu zvitatu kusvika zvitanhatu. Zvisinei, kukuvara kwakaoma uye kwenguva refu kunogona kuda zvikamu 8-12 kana kupfuura. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinowanzoita awa imwe chete kana awa nehafu. Ngatitarisei matanho masere aya.
| Matanho | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore... |
|---|---|
| Danho 1: Ziva ruzivo rwako nenhoroondo yako | Murapi wako achaunganidza ruzivo nezvako, zvakaitika kare, uye zviitiko zviri kukunetsa. Izvi zvichabatsira kuona kana EMDR yakakunakira. |
| Danho rechipiri: Kugadzirira nekuziva | Vachakutsanangurira zvichaitika panguva yekurapwa uye vachakudzidzisawo nzira dzekukubatsira kudzora manzwiro ako uye kuramba wakadzikama. |
| Danho rechitatu: Kuongorora chinangwa | Sarudza ndangariro chaiyo inoda kurapwa pamwe nezvitendero zvisina kunaka zvine chekuita nayo (semuenzaniso, "Imhosva yangu"). Sarudza chimwe chinhu chakanaka chaungada kutenda panzvimbo pezvo (semuenzaniso, "Ndakachengeteka izvozvi"). |
| Danho rechina: Deredza kunzwa uye gadzirisa zvakare | Apa ndipo paunokumbirwa kurangarira marwadzo paunenge uchifambisa maziso ako. Munguva iyi, unotaura nachiremba nezvemanzwiro auri kuita uye pfungwa itsva dzinouya mupfungwa dzako. |
| Danho rechishanu: Kuvaka chivimbo chakanaka | Kana ndangariro inorwadza ikagadziriswa, zvinobatsira kutanga kutenda kwakanaka kwakamboonekwa mupfungwa. |
| Danho 6: Kuskena Muviri | Pandinofunga nezvendangariro iyoyo, ndinotarisa kana kusagadzikana kwandinonzwa mumuviri wangu (semuenzaniso, kurwadziwa kwemudumbu, kurwadziwa kwechipfuva) kwapera. |
| Danho rechinomwe: Kupedzisa uye Kudzikamisa | Musati mapedza chirongwa, muchawana mukana wekudzikama uye wakachengeteka. Muchadzidziswa zvekuita kana muchinzwa kusagadzikana pakati pechirongwa. |
| Danho rechisere: Ongororazve | Tinoongorora kufambira mberi kwakaitwa mumisangano yapfuura tosarudza kana kurapwa kwakawanda kuchidikanwa kana kuti kana zvinangwa zvichifanira kuchinjwa. |
Ndezvipi zvakanakira nezvakaipa zvekurapa neEMDR?
Kufanana nedzimwe nzira dzekurapa, EMDR ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira.
| Zvakanakira | Zvakashata |
|---|---|
| Kubudirira: Nzira iyi yakaratidzwa kuti inobudirira muzvidzidzo zvakawanda. | Zvishoma: Kazhinji, izvi zvinoshanda chete pamatambudziko epfungwa ane chekuita nezviitiko zvinoshungurudza. |
| Mhedzisiro inokurumidza: Unotanga kunzwa kurerukirwa nekukurumidza kupfuura nemamwe marapirwo. | Dzidziso:Hazvisati zvanyatsojeka kuti sei izvi zvichishanda, asi zvakaratidzwa kuti zvinoshanda. |
| "Basa rechikoro" risinganyanyi kukosha: Hapana mhando yekurapa yakadai, yakadai sekunyora mujenari uye kurovedza muviri. | Nzira itsva: Nekuti iyi itsva kana tichiienzanisa nedzimwe nzira dzekurapa, tsvakiridzo yakawanda inodiwa pamhedzisiro yenguva refu. |
| Kushushikana kushoma: Kushushikana kushoma nekuti haufanirwe kudzokorora chiitiko chinorwadza zvakadzama. |
Chii chekuita kana paine emergency?
Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru. Kana uchinzwa kuda kuzvikuvadza kana kufunga kuzviuraya panguva yekurapwa neEMDR kana chero imwe nguva, ndapota ita zvinhu izvi.
Usambova wega. Udza mumwe munhu waunovimba naye (mumwe wemhuri, shamwari) zviri mupfungwa dzako nekukasika.
- Enda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara chiri pedyo nekukurumidza. Vanachiremba nevashandi veko vakadzidziswa kukubatsira.
- Udza chiremba wako ari kurapa nekukasika.
- Unogona zvakare kufonera masevhisi erunhare akagadzirirwa rubatsiro rwehutano hwepfungwa muSri Lanka.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- EMDR mushonga wakachengeteka uye unoshanda pakurapa matambudziko epfungwa anokonzerwa nekushungurudzika nekurangarira kunorwadza.
- Izvi zvinogona kuwana mhedzisiro nekukurumidza kupfuura dzimwe nzira dzakawanda dzekurapa.
- Mukurapa uku, haufanirwe kutaura nezvechiitiko chiri kukunetsa zvakadzama, izvo zvinoita kuti chisanyanya kushungurudza.
- Izvi hazvingobatsiri chete nePTSD, asiwo nezvimwe zvirwere zvakawanda zvakaita sekuzvidya mwoyo uye kuora mwoyo.
- Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti ugare uchitsvaga kurapwa uku kubva kune nyanzvi ine hunyanzvi uye yakadzidziswa. Unogona kubvunza chiremba wako nezvenyaya iyi womukumbira kuti akutumire kune mumwe munhu akakodzera.
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