Unonzwa sekuti une masero matsvuku eropa akawandisa here? Ngatitaurei nezve erythrocytosis!

Dzimwe nguva unongonzwa kuneta, kurwadziwa nemusoro, kana kunzwa kusasimba here? Kazhinji hatinyatso tarisiri zvinhu zvidiki izvi, handiti? Zvisinei, kana huwandu hwemasero matsvuku mumuviri wako hukawedzera kupfuura mwero unokurudzirwa, unova ndiwo unonzi nachiremba erythrocytosis kana polycythemia , zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuoneka. Ichi chinhu chaunofanira kunetseka nacho dzimwe nguva. Saka, nhasi tichataura zvakadzama nezve erythrocytosis chii, nei ichiitika, uye chii chingaitwe nezvazvo.

Chii chinonzi erythrocytosis?

Muchidimbu, Erythrocytosis inoitika kana ropa rako riine huwandu hwakanyanya hwemasero matsvuku eropa (Erythrocytes). Sezvaunoziva, ropa redu rinoumbwa nezvikamu zviviri. Chimwe chikamu chakasimba, chinova masero matsvuku eropa, masero machena eropa, uye maplatelet. Chimwe chikamu chikamu chemvura, chatinodaidza kuti plasma. Mu erythrocytosis, huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa hunowedzera zvichienzaniswa nechikamu chemvura, chinova plasma.

Kana ukaongororwa ropa, uchaona zviratidzo zviviri pamushumo: Hematocrit neHemoglobin .

• Hematocrit (HCT): Izvi zvinokuudza kuti chikamu cheropa rako chinoumbwa nemasero matsvuku eropa chii.
• Hemoglobin (HB): Iyi ipuroteni inokosha zvikuru inowanikwa mumasero matsvuku eropa inotakura okisijeni mumiviri yedu yese.

Mu erythrocytosis, chimwe chezviyero izvi zve hematocrit ne hemoglobin zvinogona kunge zvakakwirira kupfuura zvakajairwa.

Kuwedzera uku kwemasero matsvuku eropa kunokanganisa sei muviri?

Masero matsvuku eropa akakosha kumiviri yedu. Anotakura okisijeni kubva mumapapu kuenda kumasero ese nenyama mumuviri. Ndosaka nyama dzedu dzichiwana kudya kwakakwana uye hutano.

Zvisinei, kana masero matsvuku aya akawedzera zvakanyanya, matambudziko anogona kuitika. Zvinoenderana nechikonzero chekuwedzera kwemasero matsvuku eropa. Mimwe migumisiro yacho midiki. Unogona kungonzwa zvinhu zvakaita semusoro uye kuneta. Zvisinei, kana masero matsvuku eropa akawedzera nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakakomba, ropa rinotanga kukora. Ipapo pane njodzi yezvirwere zvine njodzi zvakaita sekugwamba kweropa, kurwara nemoyo kana sitiroko .

Ndosaka, kana uine zviratidzo zvakadaro, zvakakosha kuona chiremba kuti uwane chikonzero chaicho. Ndipo chete paunogona kuwana kurapwa kwakakodzera, kuderedza zviratidzo, kana kudzivirira mamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi.

Ndeapi marudzi makuru e erythrocytosis?

Erythrocytosis inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri zvichienderana nekuwedzera kwemasero matsvuku aya:

1. Absolute Erythrocytosis: Apa ndipo apo huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa anogadzirwa mumuviri wako hwakakwira kupfuura zvakajairika.

2. Relative Erythrocytosis: Apa ndipo apo huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa hungave hwakajairwa, asi huwandu hweplasma muropa hunodzikira, saka huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa hunoita sehunowedzera. Semuenzaniso, kana ukarutsa zvakanyanya uye ukaita manyoka uye ukarasikirwa nemvura yakawanda mumuviri wako, kuyerera kweropa rako kunoderera. Chirwere ichi chinogona kuitika dzimwe nguva dzakadai.

Absolute Erythrocytosis yakakamurwa kuva mhando mbiri, zvichienderana nechikonzero:

Erythrocytosis Yekutanga

Dambudziko riri mumongo wedu wemapfupa. Sezvamunoziva, mumongo wemapfupa ndiwo fekitari huru mumuviri wedu inogadzira masero matsvuku eropa. Saka, muiyi primary erythrocytosis, nekuda kwekusakwana kwemajini mumasero ekutanga (masero ekuberekwa) mumongo wemapfupa, kugadzirwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa kunowedzera zvisingadzoreki. Kusakwana kwemajini uku kunogona kugarwa nhaka (sekukanganisa kwekuzvarwa), kana kuti kunogonawo kuitika muhupenyu.

• Acquired Primary Erythrocytosis: Muenzaniso wakanaka weizvi chirwere chinonzi Polycythemia Vera . Vanhu vazhinji vanosanganisa Erythrocytosis nePolycythemia Vera sechirwere chimwe chete. Zvisinei, hazvina kufanana. Polycythemia Vera chirwere chakakomba uye chakanyanya kukonzera Erythrocytosis.
• Inherited Primary Erythrocytosis: Dzimwe nguva, kusakwana kwemajini anogarwa nhaka kubva kuvabereki kunogona kukonzera kuti bone morrow igadzire masero matsvuku akawandisa.

Erythrocytosis yechipiri

Dambudziko riri pano harisi mumongo wemapfupa, asi mune chimwe chinhu chiri kunze kwemongo wemapfupa. Kazhinji, erythrocytosis yechipiri inokonzerwa nemuviri wedu kugadzira hormone yakawandisa inonzi erythropoietin , kana EPO . `EPO` imutumwa wemakemikari. Ndiyo inoudza mongo wemapfupa kuti "ugadzire masero matsvuku akawanda."

Fungidzira, une chirwere chemapapu kana chirwere chemwoyo. Ipapo huwandu hweokisijeni hunogamuchirwa nemuviri hushoma. Panguva iyoyo, muviri unoedza kugadzira hormone inonzi `EPO` yakawanda, uye kuburikidza nayo, inosimudzira mupfupa kuti ugadzire masero matsvuku akawanda. Nekuti masero matsvuku anotakura okisijeni. Zvisinei, kana kugadzirwa kwemasero matsvuku nenzira iyi kukawedzera zvakanyanya, kunokonzera secondary erythrocytosis. Iyi secondary erythrocytosis inogonawo kukonzerwa nezvimwe zvirwere zvemajini, asi zvikanganiso zvemajini hazvisi izvo zviri mupfupa.

Unotarisa sei kukosha kweropa kuti uone kana uine erythrocytosis?

Kutaura zvazviri, huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa hunoonekwa sehwakajairika hunogona kusiyana kubva pamunhu nemunhu. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa izvi, zvinosanganisira zera rako, ungave uri murume kana mukadzi, uye kukwirira kwenzvimbo yaunogara (ungave uri padanho regungwa kana munzvimbo ine makomo).

Erythrocytosis muvanhu vakuru inowanzoonekwa nekuwedzera kwe hematocrit (HCT) uye/kana hemoglobin (HB). Izvi zvinogona kuyerwa nekuyedzwa kweropa kunonzi ``Complete Blood Count (CBC)``.

Kune varume:

• Hematocrit (HCT): Kana inopfuura 50%
• Hemoglobin (HB): Kana inopfuura 17.5 g/dL

Kune vakadzi vasina pamuviri:

• Hematocrit (HCT): Kana inopfuura 45%
• Hemoglobin (HB): Kana inopfuura 15.3 g/dL

Zvakakosha: Aya maitiro ingori gwara repamusoro. Chiremba wako ndiye achaona kana uine erythrocytosis mushure mekutarisa hutano hwako hwese.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zveRelative Erythrocytosis?

Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekudzikira kwehuwandu hwemvura mumuviri, izvo zvinoita kuti kuyerera kweropa (plasma) kudzikire uye huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa huwedzere. Saka, chikonzero chikuru cheizvi ikushaya mvura mumuviri .

• Kurutsa kwakanyanya
• Manyoka
• Mimwe mishonga, semuenzaniso, mishonga inobvisa mvura mumuviri (mishonga inobvisa mvura mumuviri) (Iyi inopihwa yeBP yakakwira kana kuchengetedza mvura mumuviri).

Nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakadaro, huwandu hwemvura mumuviri hunogona kuderera uye kukonzera erythrocytosis.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zveAbsolute Erythrocytosis?

Kune zvikonzero zviviri zvakasiyana zveizvi: chekutanga uye chechipiri.

Zvinokonzera erythrocytosis yekutanga:

Izvi zvinowanzokonzerwa nekusakwana kwemajini kunokanganisa mwongo wemapfupa.

• Polycythemia Vera Nemamwe Matumbu Eropa Anokonzera Myeloproliferative: Aya ndiwo mamiriro ezvinhu apo mupfupa unobereka masero matsvuku eropa nemamwe masero eropa zvakanyanya. Polycythemia Vera ndiyo inonyanya kuwanikwa.
• Zvirema zvekuzvarwa nazvo: Vamwe vanhu vanogona kuzvarwa vaine chirwere chemajini chinoita kuti mupfupa ugadzire masero matsvuku eropa akawandisa.

Zvinokonzera erythrocytosis yechipiri:

Izvi zvinowanzokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwehomoni inonzi `EPO`.

• Mamiriro ezvinhu anoderedza okisijeni kumatishu:
• Zvirwere zveMapapu (semuenzaniso bronchitis isingaperi, emphysema)
• Chirwere chemwoyo (semuenzaniso zvikanganiso zvemwoyo zvekuzvarwa nazvo)
• Kumborara usina kufema
• Hemoglobinopathy: Aya ndiwo mamiriro ezvinhu apo puroteni yehemoglobin iri mumasero matsvuku eropa haigone kutakura okisijeni zvakanaka nekuda kwekusakwana.
• Zvirwere zveitsvo nekuisirwa nhengo:
• Renal Artery Stenosis (kutetepa kwetsinga dzeropa dzinopa itsvo)
• Hydronephrosis (kuzvimba kweitsvo nekuda kwekuungana kweweti)
• Dambudziko iri rinogona kuitika dzimwe nguva kunyangwe mushure mekuisirwa itsvo.
• Mamota: Mamwe mamota ane kenza uye asiri ekenza anogona kuburitsa hormone yeEPO yakawandisa.
• Mabundu ane kenza: Renal Cell Carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Parathyroid Carcinoma.
• Matumbu asiri ekenza: Uterine Fibroids, Pheochromocytoma, Meningioma.
• Kusvuta fodya necarbon monoxide: Kusvuta fodya zvakanyanya kunogona kukonzera chepfu yecarbon monoxide, izvo zvinogona kuderedza okisijeni mumasero.
• Mimwe mishonga nemishonga:
• MaAnabolic Steroids (anotorwa nevatambi kuti vawedzere simba)
• Kutora testosterone hormone.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvingaonekwa nemunhu ane erythrocytosis?

Zviratidzo zvaunoona (uye kuti zvakanyanya sei) zvinoenderana nechikonzero che erythrocytosis yako. Semuenzaniso, munhu ane secondary erythrocytosis anogona kuona zviratidzo zvakaita se:

• Musoro
• Kuvhiringidzika, kuoma kwekuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe chete
• Kuomerwa nekurara
• Kunzwa kushaya simba, kuneta

Munhu ane chirwere che erythrocytosis (kunyanya polycythemia vera) anogona kuona zviratidzo zvakakomba:

• Kukwira Kweropa
• Kudikitira zvakanyanya usiku
• Kuderedza uremu pasina chikonzero
• Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya, kuzvimba, uye kutsvuka kwemajoini (kunonziwo gout )
• Matambudziko ekubuda ropa (kubuda ropa mumhino kakawanda, kubuda ropa kana mavanga kubva kukukuvara kudiki)
• Ganda rinokwenya (kukwenya kunogona kuwedzera, kunyanya mushure mekugezera nemvura inopisa)
• Kushaya simba mumakumbo, kunzwa sekunge masvosve ari kumhanya-mhanya
• Kutsvuka kunokonzerwa nekuzvimba pachiso, mumaoko, netsoka.

Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei erythrocytosis?

Chiremba wako achatanga aedza kuona chikonzero chekuwanda kwemasero matsvuku eropa rako, achishandisa bvunzo dzakasiyana-siyana uye nzira dzakasiyana-siyana.

Kutanga, vachakubvunza mibvunzo nezvenhoroondo yako yezvekurapwa, mishonga yaunotora, mararamiro ako (semuenzaniso, unoputa here), uye zviratidzo zvako, uye vachatarisa kana paine erythrocytosis (inokonzerwa nekudzikira kweplasma muropa). Vachaitawo ongororo yemuviri.

Chinhu chinotevera chekutarisa ndechekuti une bvunzo dzekutanga here kana kuti dzechipiri . Unogona zvakare kuita mimwe miedzo mishoma uchishandisa ruzivo rwataurwa pamusoro apa.

Miedzo ipi iri kuitwa?

• Kuverengwa Kweropa Kwakakwana (CBC): Izvi zvinogona kutarisa huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa, hemoglobin (HB), uye hematocrit (HCT).
• Kusveta ropa panze (PBS): Izvi zvinosanganisira kutora donhwe reropa wotarisa masero uchishandisa maikorosikopu kuti uone kana asina chimiro kana saizi. Kana uine chirwere chakaita sePolycythemia Vera, unogona kuona masero asina chimiro.
• Kuongororwa Kwebasa reItsvo neChiropa: Izvi zvinogona kupa pfungwa yekuti pane chirwere cheitsvo here kana kuti bundu riri kukonzera EPO yakawandisa.
• Pulse Oximetry: Kamuchina kadiki kanoiswa pamunwe kanoyera huwandu hweokisijeni muropa. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuona kana chirwere ichi chakakonzerwa nezvinhu zvakaita sechirwere chemwoyo kana chirwere chemapapu.
• Kuongorora huwandu hwe erythropoietin (EPO): Kana huwandu hwe `EPO` hwakaderera, hunogona kunge huri primary erythrocytosis, kana huwandu hwe `EPO` hwakakwira, hunogona kunge huri secondary erythrocytosis.
• Kuongororwa kweweti: Kuongororwa kweweti kunotorwa kuti kuonekwe kana paine zvinhu zvisina kumira zvakanaka. Kana paine masero matsvuku muweti, zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nechirwere cheitsvo.

Kana chiremba akafungidzira kuti pane chirwere chakati, chakadai se polycythemia vera, anogonawo kuita mimwe miedzo, yakadai se bone marrow biopsy .

Erythrocytosis inorapwa sei?

Kazhinji, chinokonzera erythrocytosis hachigone kurapwa zvizere. Zvisinei, kurapwa kunogona kudzora nekuderedza zviratidzo. Muzviitiko zve erythrocytosis inokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakakomba, kurapwa kunoshandiswawo kudzivirira mamiriro ane njodzi akadai sekugwamba kweropa.

• Kuvhiyiwa kwePhlebotomy kana Venesection:

Uku ndiko kurapwa kunonyanya kushandiswa pakurapa polycythemia vera. Zvakafanana nekupa ropa, asi zvinosanganisira kutora ropa shoma kubva mutsinga uye kuderedza huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa uye huwandu hweropa hwakanyanya. Kazhinji erythrocytosis yechipiri haidi kurapwa uku.

• Mishonga:
• Kune vanhu vane njodzi huru yekugwamba kweropa, chiremba anogona kukurudzira kutora aspirin shoma zuva nezuva.
• Kunewo mishonga inoderedza huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa:
• Hydroxycarbamide `(Hydroxycarbamide)`
• Hydroxyurea `(Hydroxyurea)`
• Busulfani
• Interferon alfa `(Interferon alfa)`
• Ruxolitinib

Chiremba wako achakupa mishonga inokodzera chirwere chako. Vachakupawo mishonga yekurapa chirwere chiripo, zvichienderana nechikonzero chechirwere chako che erythrocytosis.

Kana ndine chirwere ichi, chii chandinofanira kutarisira?

Zvakaitika kwauri zvinoenderana nechikonzero che erythrocytosis yako uye kuti yakanyanya sei. Semuenzaniso, mamwe mamiriro ekuzvarwa nhaka e primary erythrocytosis anokonzera zviratidzo zvishoma uye haasi kutyisidzira hupenyu. Zvisinei, mamiriro akakomba, akadai se polycythemia vera, angada kurapwa kwehupenyu hwese.

Ndinozvitarisira sei?

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekutevedzera mirairo yachiremba wako nemazvo. Panguva ino, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvingakubatsira pakuchinja mararamiro ako:

• Kana uchisvuta, rega.
• Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka hwemuviri.
• Kana uine BP yakakwira, idzore.
• Dzivisa kufamba kubva pagungwa kusvika kunzvimbo dzakakwirira kwazvo (nzvimbo dzine makomo) zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.

Ndinofanira kuenda kuchipatara nekukurumidza riini (ETU) ?

Kana uine chirwere chine chekuita ne erythrocytosis chinokuisa panjodzi yekugwamba kweropa, zvakakosha kuti uzive zviratidzo zvekugwamba kweropa. Kana ukaona chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera, tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika:

• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Kuzvimba, kurwadziwa, uye kutsvuka kwegumbo rimwe.
• Kugwamba kweropa mumapapu (Pulmonary Embolism - PE): Kurwadziwa pachipfuva, kunetseka kufema, kunzwa dzungu.
• Kurohwa: Kurasikirwa kamwe kamwe kwemwero, kubatana kwemuviri, kushaya simba kwetsandanyama kana kuti kusanzwa simba kune rumwe rutivi rwemuviri.
• Kurwara nemoyo: Kurwadziwa pachipfuva, kushaya mweya, kunzwa dzungu, kudikitira.

Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, ndapota shanyira chiremba nekukasika pasina kunonoka.

Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Erythrocytosis kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa muropa rako. Ichi chinogona kunge chiri chirwere chidiki, kana kuti dzimwe nguva chinogona kunge chiri chiratidzo chechirwere chakakomba.

• Kana uine zviratidzo zvisingawanzoitiki (kunyanya kuneta kunogara kwenguva refu, musoro, mapundu paganda, kunetseka kufema), ona chiremba.
• Chiremba ndiye achaona chikonzero chaicho chehuwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa rako.
• Dzimwe nguva, kuchinja mararamiro ari nyore (semuenzaniso, kuderedza huwandu hwemishonga yaunotora, kurapa kushaya mvura mumuviri) kunogona kugadzirisa dambudziko iri.
• Kana erythrocytosis ichikonzerwa nechirwere chakakomba, chiremba wako achakutarisa nguva dzose uye achakupa kurapwa kwakakodzera.

Kutarisira hutano hwako kwakakosha zvikuru, saka kana uine zvinokunetsa, usatya kutaura nachiremba.

* Erythrocytosis, polycythemia, masero matsvuku eropa, hemoglobin, hematocrit, kuumbwa kweropa, mupfupa wemapfupa*