Kubata pamuviri inguva yakakosha uye ine tariro muhupenyu hwaamai. Zvese zvatinodya uye zvatinonwa panguva iyi zvinoenda zvakananga kumwana mudiki ari mudumbu. Saka, wakambozvibvunza here kuti amai vanogona kukanganisa sei mwana wavo kana vakanwa doro panguva iyi? Ungave wakambonzwa kuti "kunwa doro zvishoma kwakanaka," asi ichokwadi here? Nhasi tiri kutaura nezveFetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), chirwere chakakomba chinogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwese hwemwana kana vakanwa doro panguva yekuzvitakura.
Chii chaizvo chinonzi Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) chirwere chisingarapiki, chinogara kwenguva refu chinoitika mumwana ari mudumbu kana amai vakanwa doro panguva yekuzvitakura. Izvi zviratidzo zvakawanda. Vana vane chirwere ichi vanogona kuva nematambudziko akakomba mukukura kwemuviri, kukura kwepfungwa, uye maitiro.
Dambudziko iri riri muboka guru rinonzi Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) , zvinoreva kuti pane migumisiro yakasiyana-siyana inogona kuitika kumwana nekuda kwekunwa doro panguva yekuzvitakura. FASD ndiyo yakanyanya kuipa uye inoratidza zviratidzo zvezvirwere izvi.
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti chirwere ichi chinogona kudzivirirwa zvizere . Chinhu chega chaunogona kuita ndechekurega zvachose kunwa doro panguva yekuzvitakura. Hazvina basa kuti iwaini, doro, kana doro, chero rudzi rwedoro runogona kukonzera kukuvara uku.
Ndezvipi zvimwe zvirwere zviri muchikamu cheFASD?
Kunyange hazvo FAS iriyo mhando yakanyanya yechirwere ichi, migumisiro yedoro inogona kukanganisa vana nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Mhedzisiro yese iyi inowira pasi pezita rekuti FASDs. Ngatitarisei zvimwe zvirwere izvozvo.
| Zita remamiriro ezvinhu (Mamiriro ezvinhu) | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Chirwere chePartial Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (pFAS) | Vana ava vanogona kunge vaine zvimwe zvezviratidzo zveFAS (semuenzaniso, kuchinja kwechiso), asi havana zviratidzo zvese zvinodiwa kuti vaongororwe kuti vane FAS yakazara. |
| Dambudziko repfungwa rine chekuita nedoro (ARND) | Havashanduki zvakanyanya mumuviri, asi kukura kwehuropi hwavo kunokanganiswa, zvichikonzera matambudziko akadai sekushaya chido chekuita zvinhu nekukurumidza, kuoma kwekuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe chete, kusaita sarudzo zvakanaka, uye kusaita zvakanaka kuchikoro. |
| Zvirwere zvekuzvarwa nazvo zvine chekuita nedoro (ARBD) | Zvinonyanya kukanganisa nhengo dzemuviri. Zvirwere zvekuzvarwa nazvo zvinogona kuitika mumoyo, mumaziso, mumapfupa, munzeve, nemuitsvo. |
| Dambudziko repfungwa nemaitiro epfungwa rinokonzerwa nekunwa doro panguva yekuzvitakura (ND-PAE) | Vana ava vanonwa doro rakawanda panguva yekuzvitakura. Vanoomerwa nekuita mabasa ezuva nezuva (akadai sekugeza). Vanoomerwa nekushamwaridzana nevanhu nekuda kwematambudziko ehunhu akadai sekutsamwa kwakanyanya. Vanotadzawo kurangarira nekufunga zvakanaka. |
Doro rinokanganisa sei mwana ari mudumbu?
Kana amai vakanwa doro, doro rinoenda zvakananga kumwana kuburikidza nerukuvhute. Muviri wemwana haugone kushandisa doro sezvinoita muviri wemunhu mukuru. Saka doro rinogara mumuviri wemwana kwenguva yakareba , semuchetura. Izvi zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kukura kwemwana, kunyanya uropi nehurongwa hwetsinga dzemukati .
Aya ndiwo maitikiro anoita kukuvara:
- Doro rinogona kuparadza masero ari muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuviri wemwana, zvichiita kuti nhengo dzemuviri dzisakure zvakanaka.
- Doro rinokanganisawo kukura kwemasero etsinga muuropi uye kufamba kwawo achienda kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeuropi.
- Doro rinoita kuti mitsipa yeropa iome, zvichiita kuti ropa risvike paplacenta riderere. Izvi zvinobvisa okisijeni nezvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa nemwana.
- Zvinhu zvine chepfu zvinobuda mumuviri wedu kana doro rikapwanywa zvinoungana mumasero europi hwemwana zvoakuvadza.
Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti doro rine njodzi chete mumwedzi mishoma yekutanga yekuzvitakura. Ipfungwa dzisina kururama. Nhengo dzakakosha dzakadai seuropi hwemwana dzinokura panguva yese yekuzvitakura. Saka, kunwa doro chero nguva panguva yekuzvitakura kunokuvadza mwana.
Ko kana ndikanwa doro panguva yandinoronga kuva nemwana?
Kana uri kuedza kubata pamuviri, zvakanaka kurega doro kubva pakutanga chaipo. Kazhinji, hauzive kuti une pamuviri kusvika mavhiki mana kusvika matanhatu ekuzvitakura kwako. Asi mavhiki mashoma ekutanga iwayo inguva yakakosha pakukura kwemwana wako. Kunwa doro panguva iyoyo usingazive kuti kunogona kukuvadza mwana wako.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveFAS?
Zviratidzo zveFAS zvinogona kusiyana kubva pamwana kusvika pamwana. Vamwe vana vanogona kunge vaine zviratidzo zvishoma chete, nepo vamwe vangave nazvo zvese. Izvi zvinogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvematambudziko emuviri uye epfungwa/maitiro.
| Rudzi rwehunhu | Zvinhu zvekuona |
|---|---|
| Pakuzvarwa uye pahucheche (Vacheche) | |
| Hunhu hwemuviri |
|
| Hunhu hwemaitiro |
|
| Kukura (Kukura kwevana vachiri vadiki uye kupfuura) | |
| Matambudziko epfungwa nekudzidza |
|
| Matambudziko emagariro evanhu uye maitiro |
|
Chiremba anoongorora sei chirwere ichi?
FAS dzimwe nguva inogona kuoma kuiongorora nekuti hapana kuongororwa kweropa kwakananga, uye havasi vanaamai vese vanoda kutaura pachena nezvekuti vakanwa mvura yakawanda sei kana kuti vakanwa yakawanda sei panguva yekuzvitakura.
Asi chiremba wevana anogona kuona chirwere ichi nekutarisa zviratidzo zvemwana nenhoroondo yake. Vanonyanya kutarisa zvinhu izvi:
- Amai vakanwa doro panguva yekuzvitakura.
- Zvimiro zvechiso (muromo wemhino wakatetepa, muromo wepamusoro mutete, maziso madiki).
- Matambudziko ekukura (kurasikirwa nehurefu nekukura panguva yekuzvarwa uye panguva yekukura).
- Matambudziko etsinga dzepakati (matambudziko ehunhu nemanzwiro akadai sekushanda zvakanyanya, kuoma kwekuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe, kusaita sarudzo zvakanaka).
Dzimwe nguva zviratidzo zveFAS zvinogona kufanana nezvezvimwe zvirwere, zvakaita seAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) kana Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) , saka zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro kuna chiremba ane ruzivo kuti uwane chirwere chakarurama.
Kana wakanwa doro panguva yekuzvitakura, zvakakosha kuudza chiremba wako nachiremba wemwana wako pasina kutya kana kunyara. Izvi zvichabatsira mwana wako kuwana rubatsiro nekurapwa kwaanoda nekukurumidza.
Pane mushonga weFAS here?
Zvinosuwisa kuti Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) haigone kurapwa zvachose . Idambudziko rehupenyu hwese. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti hapana chatinogona kuita. Nekupa mwana kurapwa kwakakodzera uye rutsigiro kubva pazera diki , kukanganisa kwezviratidzo kunogona kuderedzwa uye mwana anogona kusimudzirwa zvikuru.
Sarudzo dzekurapa dzingasanganisira:
- Kupa mishonga yekudzora zvimwe zviratidzo, zvakaita sematambudziko ekuteerera uye maitiro.
- Kupa kurapa kwemaitiro nedzidzo yezvinetso zvepfungwa nekudzidza.
- Nzira yekubatsira mwana zvakanyanyaKudzidzisa vabereki .
Kudzidziswa kwevabereki kunobatsira mhuri kuti dzikwanise kubata nematambudziko ehunhu, edzidzo, uye emagariro evanhu ayo mwana wavo angasangana nawo. Kuva nenzvimbo yakagadzikana, ine rudo, uye inotsigira kumba kunogona kubatsira mwana ane FAS kukunda matambudziko epfungwa aanogona kusangana nawo gare gare muhupenyu.
"Zvinhu zvekuchengetedza" zvinobatsira mwana
Ongororo yakawana kuti zvinhu zvinotevera zvinogona kuderedza migumisiro yakaipa yeFAS:
- Kuongororwa chirwere usati wasvitsa makore matanhatu.
- Kuva nemusha une rudo, unotsigira, uye wakadzikama panguva yechikoro.
- Kusavapo kwemhirizhonga muhupenyu hwemwana.
- Kuwana rutsigiro kubva kumasangano edzidzo yepamusoro uye ezvemagariro evanhu.
FAS inokanganisa sei kukura kwevanhu vakuru?
FAS haimboperi. Munhu anozvarwa aine chirwere ichi achararama nezviratidzo izvi kweupenyu hwake hwese. Kana akasawana kurapwa kwakakodzera uye rutsigiro achiri mudiki, anogona kuwedzera matambudziko kana akura. Izvi zvinonzi "secondary effects."
Mienzaniso yazvo:
- Kuvapo kwematambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa.
- Kupinda mumatambudziko kuchikoro kana nemutemo.
- Kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka kana doro.
- Matambudziko ekugara wega.
- Kuomerwa nekuwana kana kugara pabasa.
Ndosaka zvichikosha zvikuru kuziva chirwere ichi vachiri vadiki uye kupa rutsigiro rwakakodzera.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chirwere cheAlcohol Syndrome (FAS) chirwere chakakomba, chinogara kwenguva refu chinoitika kumwana kana amai vakanwa doro panguva yekuzvitakura.
- Dambudziko iri rinogona kudzivirirwa zvizere . Chinhu chimwe chete chaunofanira kuita kurega doro zvachose panguva yekuzvitakura uye paunenge uchiedza kubata pamuviri.
- Hapana chinhu chinonzi "doro rakachengeteka" kana "rudzi rwedoro rakachengeteka" panguva yekuzvitakura. Waini, doro, kana doro zvese zvinogona kukuvadza.
- Kana wakambonwa doro panguva yekuzvitakura, taura nachiremba wako pachena nezvazvo. Kuongororwa kwechirwere ichi nekukurumidza kunogona kubatsira mwana wako kuwana rubatsiro rwaanoda.
- Kunyange hazvo FAS isingarapike, kurapwa nekukurumidza uye nzvimbo ine rudo uye inotsigira mwana zvinogona kubatsira kuti ararame hupenyu hunobudirira.
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