Wakamboona vanachiremba vachibvunza here kuti, "Chii chinonzi GCS score?" kana munhu akaunzwa kuchipatara mushure metsaona? Kana kuti kana mumwe munhu arasikirwa nepfungwa, vanoti, "GCS yakaderera"? Ungangove uchishamisikawo kuti iyi GCS chii uye inoyera chii. Izvi zvakakosha chaizvo. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvazvo zviri nyore, nenzira yaunogona kunzwisisa.
Zvinorevei GCS?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) inzira yekuongorora zviratidzo inoyera uye inoyera huwandu hwepfungwa dzemunhu. Kufanana nekupasa bvunzo, inobvumira vanachiremba kuti vaongorore kuti munhu akamuka sei, kuti vanoziva zvakamupoteredza zvakamupoteredza sei, uye kuti vanopindura sei mirairo iri nyore.
Nzira iyi yakatanga kugadzirwa muna 1974 neboka renyanzvi paYunivhesiti yeGlasgow muScotland. Ndosaka yakawana zita rayo. Kunyange hazvo izwi rekuti "coma" riri muzita, nhasi uno rave nzira huru inogamuchirwa pasi rose, isingashandiswi chete mucoma, asiwo mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu apo pfungwa dzingakanganisika.
Chii chinonzi 'Consciousness' mukurapa?
Tinoti 'kuziva' kana zvinhu zvitatu zvikuru zvazadzikiswa. Kana chiremba achiyera kuziva kwako, anotarisa pazvinhu zvitatu izvi.
| Pfungwa yacho | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Kuramba wakamuka (Muka) | Izvi hazvina kufanana nekungomuka kubva kuhope. Unogona kumuka kana mumwe munhu achitaura newe, kana paunobata muviri wako. Haugone kumutsa mumwe munhu ari pakoma kudaro. |
| Yambiro | Kugona kunzwisisa zvinhu zvakaita sezviri kuitika zvakakupoteredza uye kuti ndiani ari kutaura. |
| Kunzwisisana kwenguva nenzvimbo (kwakavakirwa) | Kuziva kuti uri kupi nenguva, zvakaita sekuti uri ani, uri kupi, izuva ripi, uye inguva ipi. |
GCS inoshandiswa riini?
GCS chikamu chakakosha kwazvo chekuongororwa kwetsinga kunoitwa navanachiremba. Inoshandiswa kunyanya kana munhu angave achirasikirwa nepfungwa.
- Kukuvara mumusoro: GCS inoshandiswa kuongorora zvese kubva pakukuvara kudiki senge kuvhunduka kwemusoro kusvika pakukuvara kwakakomba kweuropi. GCS score ndeimwe yezvinhu zvikuru zvinotariswa navanachiremba kana munhu aendeswa kuETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) mushure metsaona.
- Zvimwe zvirwere: Kunewo zviitiko apo kurasikirwa nepfungwa kunogona kuitika kunyangwe pasina tsaona. Semuenzaniso:
- Shuga shoma muropa (hypoglycemia)
- Mushure mekubatwa nepfari
- Chepfu
Zvakakosha: Kana mumwe munhu akadya chepfu kana kuidya netsaona, bvunza chiremba nekukasika. Unogona kufonera National Poisons Information Centre kuColombo National Hospital kuti uwane mazano nekukurumidza.
Ndeapi mativi matatu makuru ekuongororwa kweGCS?
Chiremba anopa GCS score zvichienderana nemhinduro dzemurwere munzvimbo nhatu huru. Huwandu hwese hweGCS score hunoverengerwa nekubatanidza nzvimbo idzi nhatu pamwe chete.
1. Mhinduro yeMaziso (E): Izvi zvinonyanya kuyera kuti munhu wacho akamuka uye akangwarira zvakadii.
2. Mhinduro yekutaura (V): Izvi zvinoedza mashandiro ehuropi akadai sekugona kwemunhu kufunga, kurangarira, uye kuziva nyika yakavapoteredza.
3. Kupindura Kwemuviri (M): Izvi zvinoedza kuti uropi hunogona sei kudzora tsandanyama, kutevedzera mirairo, uye kana sisitimu yetsinga iri kushanda nemazvo.
Zvino ngationei kuti tingawana sei mamaki muchikamu chimwe nechimwe.
| Mhinduro | Maitiro ekuongorora uye hunhu | Chibodzwa |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Mhinduro yeZiso (E) | ||
| Zvichingoerekana zvaitika | Pasina kuita chero chinhu, murwere anoramba akasvinura maziso ake. | 4 |
| Kana ataurwa na | Vanovhura maziso avo kana zita ravo richidanwa kana pavanonzwa chimwe chinhu. | 3 |
| Kurwadziwa/kumanikidzwa | Kana nzara ikadzvanywa zvishoma (inomanikidzwa), maziso anovhurika. | 2 |
| Hapana mhinduro. | Hapana nzira yekuvhura maziso ako. | 1 |
| 2. Mhinduro yekutaura (V) | ||
| Nekunzwisisa | Kana vakabvunzwa kuti ndivanaani, vari kupi, uye kuti zuva ravo rakaita sei, vanopindura nemazvo. | 5 |
| Kuvhiringidzika | Vari kutaura, asi havazivi kuti vari kupi chaizvo kana kuti chii chakaitika. Vari kutaura vachivhiringidzika. | 4 |
| Mashoko asina kukodzera | Vanotaura, asi vanotaura mashoko asina zvaanoreva asina basa zvachose nemubvunzo uri kubvunzwa. | 3 |
| Manzwi asinganzwisisike | Havatauri mashoko, asi vanongotaura zvisina zvazvinoreva sekugomera. | 2 |
| Hapana mhinduro. | Hazvibudise ruzha. | 1 |
| 3. Kupindura kweMota (M) | ||
| Kutevera mirairo | Mirayiridzo yakapfava yakaita sekuti "simudza ruoko rwako" uye "buritsa rurimi rwako" inoteverwa nemazvo. | 6 |
| Kutarisa pakurwadziwa | Kana chikamu chemuviri chikadzvanywa, munhu anoedza kubata kana kubvisa nzvimbo inorwadza. | 5 |
| Kubvisa marwadzo | Pane kuedza kubata nzvimbo inorwadza, vanoedza kuzviparadzanisa nekurwadziwa. | 4 |
| Kukotama kusiri kwechisikigo | Kupindura kurwadziwa, makumbo anokotama zvisina kujairika akananga kuchipfuva. | 3 |
| Kutambanudza kusiri kwechisikigo | Kupindura kurwadziwa, makumbo nemakumbo zvinotwasanudzwa uye zvinotambanudzwa zvisizvo. | 2 |
| Hapana mhinduro. | Hakuna kufamba kwemuviri. | 1 |
Ndeipi nzira itsva inonzi GCS-P?
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, sisitimu yeGCS yakawedzerwa uye chinhu chitsva chinonzi GCS-P chakawedzerwa. Pano, bhii 'P' rinomiririra 'Mudzidzi', zvinoreva mboni yeziso . Mhinduro yemudzidzi kuchiedza inogona kutaura zvakawanda nezvekushanda kwehuropi. Nokudaro, izvi zvinotariswawo pamwe chete neGCS score.
- Chibodzwa 0: Mhete nhema dziri mumaziso ese dzinopindura chiedza.
- Chibodzwa 1: Ziso rimwe chete ndiro rinopindura.
- Chibodzwa chechipiri: Hapana mhinduro mumaziso ese.
Chibodzwa ichi chinobviswa kubva pachibodzwa cheGCS chekare. Kureva kuti, kana chibodzwa cheGCS chiri 3 uye pasina mhinduro mumaziso ese (chibodzwa 2), chibodzwa cheGCS-P i1 (3 - 2 = 1). Izvi zvinoreva kuti murwere ari mukoma wakadzika kwazvo.
Zviratidzo zvinoti chii?
Huwandu hwezviratidzo zveGCS hunogona kupa pfungwa yakajeka yemamiriro emurwere.
- Chibodzwa chikuru i15. (E4 + V5 + M6 = 15). Izvi zvinoreva kuti murwere anoziva zvizere, anotaura zvakanaka, uye anoziva zvakamupoteredza.
- Chibodzwa chidiki kwazvo i3. (E1 + V1 + M1 = 3). Izvi zvinoreva kuti murwere ari mukoma, asingachanzwisisi.
Kazhinji, GCS score ye8 kana pasi inoonekwa se coma. Kana score yakaderera, chirwere chacho chinova chakakomba zvikuru.
Mukukuvara kwemusoro, kuoma kwekukuvara kunorongwa zvichienderana neGCS score.
- Mapoinzi 13-15: Kukuvara kudiki kweuropi - sekunge kubatwa nemusoro.
- Chibodzwa 9-12: TBI iri pakati nepakati.
- Chibodzwa 3-8: TBI yakanyanya.
Chii chandinofanira kuziva nezve GCS score yemwana wangu?
Kana mumwe wemumhuri kana shamwari yako ari muchipatara uye vanachiremba vari kutaura nezveGCS scores, usavhunduka uye yeuka zvinhu izvi.
- Izvi hazvisi zvibodzwa chete. Kunyangwe GCS score ichipa pfungwa isina kujeka yemamiriro emurwere, kune ruzivo rwakawanda rwuripo. Saka, pane kungoteerera zviratidzo, taura nachiremba wako kuti uwane mufananidzo wakazara wemamiriro emurwere.
- GCS haigone kushandiswa nguva dzose. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mamakisi eGCS haagone kuyerwa nemazvo. Semuenzaniso, kana mumwe munhu akabatana nemuchina wekufema kuti umubatsire kufema, mhinduro dzekutaura hadzigone kuyerwa. Uyewo, kana maziso akakuvara, mhinduro dzemaziso hadzigone kuonekwa.
- GCS haisiyo yega nzira inoshandiswa kufanotaura mamiriro emurwere. Kunyangwe vanachiremba vachishandisa mamakisi eGCS kufanotaura mamiriro emurwere, havazvitarise vega. Vanofungawo nezvemimwe miedzo, yakaita seCT scans, uye hutano hwese hwemurwere.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chikero cheGlasgow Coma Scale (GCS) inzira inotenderwa pasi rose yekuyera pfungwa dzemunhu.
- Izvi zvinoedza maitiro kuburikidza nemaziso, kutaura, uye kufamba kwemuviri.
- Zvibodzwa zvacho zvinotangira pa3 (deep coma) kusvika pa15 (full intelligence). Zvibodzwa zve8 kana pasi zvinoonekwa sezvisina kunaka.
- Nekutarisa nguva dzose GCS score, vanachiremba vanogona kunzwisisa kana mamiriro emurwere ari kuvandudzika kana kuti ari kuipa.
- Kana ukawana ruzivo nezve GCS score yemunhu waunoda, usangozvidya mwoyo nezvenhamba yacho chete. Gara uchitaura nachiremba wako uye unzwisise mamiriro acho ese zvakajeka.
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