Wakambonzwa here kuti nhengo imwe chete, pamwe mbiri kana nhatu, dzemhuri yako dzakabatwa nekenza yemuura? Kana kuti unotya zvishoma nekuti une nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza? Kutaura zvazviri, mamwe marudzi ekenza anogona kupfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe. Nhasi tichataura nezverudzi rwakakosha rwekenza yemuura inopfuudzwa kuburikidza nemajini edu. Tinoidaidza kuti HNPCC.
Chii chinonzi HNPCC?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, HNPCC (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer) imhando yegomarara remuura rinokonzereswa nekuchinja kwakasiyana-siyana (kuchinja kwemajini) kunopfuudzwa nezvizvarwa. Iri igomarara rinoitika muura hwedu hukuru (muura).
Saka izvi zvakafanana here neLynch Syndrome?
Pamwe wakambonzwa Lynch Syndrome kakawanda kupfuura HNPCC. Izvi zviviri zvine hukama hwepedyo, asi hazvina kufanana chaizvo. Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi. Lynch Syndrome chirwere chemajini chiri mumiviri yedu. Idambudziko remajini rinowedzera njodzi yekubatwa nekenza.
HNPCC izita rinopiwa chirwere apo munhu ane Lynch Syndrome anova nekenza yemuura kana mamwe magomarara akafanana nawo (akadai segomarara remudumbu kana remudumbu), kunyanya vasati vasvitsa makore makumi mashanu. Gomarara reHNPCC rinowanzo buda kurudyi rwematumbu makuru.
Muchidimbu, Lynch Syndrome ndiyo inokonzera chirwere ichi nemajini. HNPCC chirwere chegomarara chinokonzerwa nechirwere ichi.
HNPCC yakajairika zvakadii? Ndezvipi zviratidzo?
HNPCC inoumba pakati pe2% ne4% yegomarara remudumbu rinoonekwa pasi rose. Kunyangwe chirwere ichi chichigona kuitika chero pazera ripi zvaro, chinowanzoonekwa muvanhu vari pasi pemakore makumi mashanu.
HNPCC ingasave nezviratidzo zvakananga pakutanga, asi sezvo kenza ichienderera mberi, zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuoneka.
| Chiratidzo | Zvakatsanangurwa zviri nyore |
|---|---|
| Kurwadziwa kwedumbu kana kuzvimba | Kugara uchirwadziwa mudumbu, kurwadziwa, kana kunzwa kuzvimba. |
| Kuda kudya | Kudzikira kwechido chekudya. |
| Ropa muchigaro chetsvina | Ropa riri mutsvina kana tsvina nhema pakuenda kuchimbuzi. |
| Kunzwa kuneta pasina chikonzero | Kunzwa kuneta zvekuti haugone kuita mabasa enguva dzose. |
| Kuderedza uremu pasina chikonzero | Kudzikira uremu kamwe kamwe pasina kudya zvishoma kana kurovedza muviri. |
Sei HNPCC ichikura? Inotapukira here?
Chikonzero chikuru cheizvi majini edu. Funga nezvemuviri wedu sechivako chakavakwa zvichienderana nehurongwa hukuru. Bhuku rine hurongwa ihwohwo iDNA yedu. Tinodana mirairo iri mumajini aya eDNA.
Vanhu vane Lynch Syndrome vane chikanganiso mumajini akati wandei (`MLH1`, `MSH2`, `MSH6`, `PMS2` uye `EPCAM`) anogadzirisa zvikanganiso muDNA. Kana majini aya asingashande nemazvo, zvikanganiso muDNA (`DNA replication errors`) zvinoitika kana masero edu akapatsanuka hazvigadziriswi. Nekufamba kwenguva, zvikanganiso izvi zvinoungana uye sero rakajairika rinowanzova sero rekenza.
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti HNPCC haisi chirwere chinotapuriranwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hachitapurirwi kubva kumunhu mumwe kuenda kune mumwe sedzihwa. Zvisinei, jini risina kunaka rinoikonzera rinogona kupfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana mubereki mumwe chete aine Lynch Syndrome, mwana ane mukana we50% wekugara nhaka jini iroro. Kana akagara nhaka jini iroro, mwana iyeye ane mukana wakakura wekubata HNPCC kana mamwe magomarara ane chekuita nayo mune ramangwana.
Chiremba anoona sei izvi?
Kana uine zviratidzo zvataurwa pamusoro apa, kunyanya kana mumwe munhu mumhuri mako akambova nekenza yemuura, unofanira kuona chiremba.
Chiremba achatanga akuongorora. Kana zvichifungidzirwa kuti kenza yemuura mukuru, bvunzo inowanzoitwa ndeye colonoscopy . Izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa chubhu yakatetepa nepaburi remudumbu uye kushandisa kamera kuongorora mukati meura hukuru.
Kuti chiremba asimbise kuongororwa kweHNPCC, achatsvagawo zvinotevera:
- Nhoroondo yekenza yemhuri:Uchabvunzwa kana paine munhu mumhuri yako yepedyo, vakaita saamai vako, baba vako, kana vanun'una vako, akambova nekenza yemuura kana imwe kenza ine chekuita neLynch Syndrome vasati vasvitsa makore makumi mashanu.
- Kuongororwa kweMajini: Kuongororwa kweropa kwakakosha kunokurudzirwa kuti uone kana uine shanduko dzemajini dzinokonzera HNPCC.
- Kubvisa zvimwe zvirwere: Kufanana neHNPCC, kune imwe kenza yemudumbu inogarwa nhaka inonzi FAP (Familial Adenomatous Polyposis) . Nekuti pane musiyano pakati pezviviri izvi, bvunzo dzichaitwawo kusimbisa kuti une HNPCC kwete FAP.
Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peHNPCC neFAP?
Kunyangwe zvese zviri zvirwere zvegomarara remuura, majini anozvikonzera akasiyana. Musiyano mukuru ndewehuwandu hwemapolyps anokura muura.
| Hunhu | Chirwere cheLynch (HNPCC) | FAP |
|---|---|---|
| Saizi yemapolyps | Michero mishoma kana kuti hapana zvachose (kazhinji isingasviki gumi) inoberekwa. | Mazana, pamwe zviuru, zvenzungu zvinoumbwa. |
| Kuva kenza | Zvipembenene zvishoma zvinogona kukurumidza kuva kenza. | Kana zvikasarapwa, pane mukana wekuti rimwe remabundu aya rive kenza. |
Ndeapi marapirwo eHNPCC?
Kurapa kukuru kweHNPCC kuvhiyiwa (colectomy) . Izvi zvinosanganisira kubviswa chikamu kana ura hwese huri pagomarara. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana.
- Kubviswa kwechikamu chedumbu (partial colectomy): Kubviswa kwechikamu chedumbu chiri mudumbu chete pane kenza.
- Kubviswa kweura hwese: Kubviswa kweura hwese hukuru.
- Kubviswa kweura hukuru nerectum: Kubviswa kweura hukuru nerectum.
Kana kenza yapararira (yapararira) kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira mamwe marapirwo kunze kwekuvhiyiwa.
- Kurapa nemakemikari: Mushonga unoparadza masero ekenza.
- Kurapa nekudzivirira kenza: Kukurudzira masoja emuviri wedu kurwisa masero ekenza.
Kazhinji, kurapwa nemuviri kunogona kubatsira zvakanyanya pakurapa kenza yeHNPCC.
Ramangwana remunhu ane HNPCC nderei?
Lynch Syndrome chirwere chemajini chisingarapiki. Chirwere ichi chinogara kwenguva refu. Zvisinei, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kurapa kenza yeHNPCC uye kudzivirira kenza yemuura mune ramangwana.
Munhu ane HNPCC ari panjodzi yekubatwa nemamwe marudzi ekenza pamusoro pekenza yemuura. Ndosaka chiremba wako achikuudza kuti uongororwe nguva nenguva.
- Kenza yechibereko
- Kenza yemudumbu
- Kenza yemudumbu
- Kenza yeitsvo, uropi, chiropa neganda
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuonekwa nekukurumidza . Kana ukaongororwa nenguva, chero chegomarara iri rinogona kuonekwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa zvinobudirira.
Paavhareji, vanhu vanosvika 60% vanoonekwa vaine HNPCC vanorarama kwemakore mashanu. Uye pakati pe70% ne88% yevanhu vane kenza yemudumbu nekuda kweLynch Syndrome vanorarama kwemakore anopfuura gumi. Nhamba idzi dzinoratidza kukosha kwekuonekwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa.
Chii chingaitwe kudzivirira uye kudzora njodzi iyi?
Hapana nzira yekudzivirira kushanduka kwemajini kunokonzera izvi. Chinhu chatinogara nhaka. Zvisinei, pane zvakawanda zvaunogona kuita kudzivirira kenza kana kuiona nekukurumidza.
- Ziva nhoroondo yemhuri yako: Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako aine Lynch Syndrome kana HNPCC, taura nachiremba wako nezvazvo uye bvunza kana uchidawo kuongororwa majini.
- Tanga kuongororwa nekukurumidza: Kana ukaonekwa uine Lynch Syndrome, chiremba wako anokukurudzira kuti utange kuongororwa kenza yemuura (colonoscopy) wava nemakore ekuma20.
- Mararamiro ane hutano: Zvinhu izvi zvinobatsira zvikuru mukuderedza njodzi yekubatwa negomarara:
- Dzivisa kusvuta zvachose.
- Deredza kunwa doro.
- Idya chikafu chine hutano chakapfuma mumiriwo nemichero.
- Rovedza muviri nguva dzose.
- Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka hwemuviri.
- Ziva zviratidzo: Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvitsva, usazviregeredza wobva waona chiremba nekukasika.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- HNPCC chirwere chegomarara remuura chinoberekwa nhaka chinokonzerwa nechirwere chemajini chinonzi Lynch Syndrome.
- Kana mumwe kana vanhu vakawanda vemumhuri yako vakabatwa nekenza yemuura usati wasvitsa makore makumi mashanu, taura nachiremba kuti vaone kana iwe uri panjodziwo.
- Chirwere ichi hachitapurirani, asi pane mukana we50% wekuti vana vagare nhaka jini rinokonzera njodzi.
- Nekuongororwa panguva yakakodzera, kenza inogona kuonekwa ichiri nhanho yekutanga uye hupenyu hunogona kuponeswa.
- HNPCC inogona kurapwa zvinobudirira nekuvhiyiwa uye nedzimwe nzira dzekurapa.
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