Tose tinoziva kuti moyo ndiwo nhengo inonyanya kukosha mumuviri wedu. Kungofanana neinjini yemotokari, kana moyo ukamira, zvese zvinopera. Saka, kuti mwoyo uyu urambe uchishanda, unodawo ropa rakanaka, kureva kuti, unofanirwa kuramba uchigamuchira okisijeni nezvinovaka muviri. Pakati petsinga dzeropa dzinoita basa iri rinokosha, pane imwe tsinga yeropa yakakosha zvikuru. Dzimwe nguva, kana izvi zvikavharika, kurwiswa kwemoyo kunoitika kwakanyanya zvekuti kunonziwo "Widowmaker". Nhasi tiri kutaura nezvetsinga yeropa inonyanya kukosha, iyo Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD).
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi LAD uyu?
Funga nezvemwoyo wedu seimba. Kune mapaipi maviri makuru anounza mvura mumba muno. Ndiwo tsinga huru dzemwoyo dzinopa ropa kumoyo wedu. Iri kuruboshwe rwetsinga mbiri idzi huru (Left Main Coronary Artery) rinopatsanurwa kuita matavi maviri makuru. Rimwe rematavi maviri iwayo, uye guru uye rakakosha, iLeft Anterior Descending (LAD) Artery .
Ngatitsanangure zvinoreva zita iri:
- Kuruboshwe: Izvi zvinoreva kuti iri kuruboshwe.
- Kumberi: Izvi zvinoreva kuti inopa ropa kumberi kwemoyo.
- Kudzika: Izvi zvinoreva kuti tsinga iyi yeropa inofamba kubva pamusoro pemoyo ichienda pasi.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, LAD ndiyo tsinga huru yeropa inomhanya kuruboshwe rwemoyo, pamberi payo . Inopa imba huru yemoyo inopomba, ventricle yekuruboshwe, ropa rakawanda rine okisijeni. Inopawo septum, rusvingo rwetsandanyama runoparadzanisa makamuri emwoyo.
Kana tsinga iyi yeLAD ikavharika zvachose, chikamu chikuru chemoyo chinongoerekana chavharika ropa. Kurwara kwemoyo kunokonzerwa nako kunogona kuva kwakanyanya. Ndosaka vanachiremba vachidana chirwere ichi kuti "Widowmaker Heart Attack."
Basa guru uye nzvimbo yeLAD
Tsinga yeLAD chikamu chetsinga yeropa yemuviri wedu. Iyi ndiyo tsinga huru yemoyo inopa ropa kumoyo wedu. Ingofungai, inenge 50% yeropa rose rinoenda kutsandanyama yemoyo rinouya netsinga imwe chete iyi yeropa. Unogona kufungidzira kuti izvi zvakakosha sei, handiti?
Iri mukati me epicardium, chikamu chekunze chemoyo chinodzivirira. Chinotangira pamusoro pemoyo kusvika pasi, muchikamu chakaita segomba riri pamadziro emoyo.
Matavi api anobuda kubva kuLAD?
Tsinga huru iyi inobuda mumatavi madiki anotakura ropa kuenda kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemoyo.
| Zita reBazi | Nzvimbo yekugovera ropa |
|---|---|
| Matavi ane dhayagoni | Inopa ropa kumberi nepazasi pe ventricle yekuruboshwe, pombi huru yemoyo. |
| Matavi eSeptember | Inopa ropa kuzvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvepamberi pemadziro emhasuru (septum) anoparadzanisa makamuri emwoyo. |
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinokanganisa LAD?
Dambudziko guru uye rinowanzo sangana netsinga yeropa yeLAD i atherosclerosis . Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, zvakaita sengura inoumba mukati mepombi yemvura yekare. Zvinhu zvine mafuta, zvakaita se cholesterol, zvinowanikwa muchikafu chatinodya, zvinoungana pamadziro etsinga dzeropa uye zvinokora nekufamba kwenguva. Tinozvidaidza kuti 'plaque'. Sezvo plaque iyi ichiungana, kufamba kweropa kunova kushoma.
Nekufamba kwenguva, plaque iyi inogona kuputika, yoita ropa rakagwamba rinogona kuvharira tsinga yeropa zvachose . Kana kuvharika uku kukaitika muLAD, nzvimbo yakakura yemoyo inoshaikwa okisijeni uye tsandanyama dzemwoyo dzinotanga kufa. Ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti kurwara kwemoyo. Kurwara kwemoyo kunokonzerwa nekuvharika muLAD kunogona kuva kwakakomba zvikuru.
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti, pasinei nezita rekuti "Widowmaker," izvi hazvisi zvevarume chete. Chirwere ichi chakakomba chemwoyo chinogona kukanganisa varume nevakadzi zvakaenzana.
Pamusoro pezvo, vamwe vanhu vanozvarwa vaine tsinga yeLAD yakamanikana kana kuti pfupi. Dambudziko iri rinonzi hypoplastic left anterior descending artery. Kunyangwe iri chirwere chisingawanzoitiki, chinogona kuwedzera njodzi ye:
- Kurova kwemoyo kusina kurongeka (Arrhythmia)
- Kumira kurova kwemoyo
- Kusakwana kweropa rinosvika mutsandanyama yemwoyo (Myocardial ischemia)
- Kufa kamwe kamwe kwemwoyo
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekuvharika kweLAD?
Kuvharika kana kutetepa kwetsinga yeLAD kunogona kukonzera kurwadziwa pachipfuva (angina). Asi zvakakosha kuti tese tizive zviratidzo zvinomuka kana tsinga yacho yavharika zvachose, inova chirwere chemwoyo.
Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva akasangana nechimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera, chione sedambudziko rehutano. Fonera 1990 Ambulance Service nekukurumidza kana kuenda kuchipatara Emergency Department (ETU) nekukasika.
| Chiratidzo | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Kurwadziwa pachipfuva kana kusagadzikana (Angina) | Kurwadziwa kunonzwa kwakasimba, kuchiita sekuremerwa kuri kuiswa pakati pechipfuva. |
| Marwadzo anopenya kuruoko rweruboshwe, pafudzi, pamutsipa, kana pashaya | Marwadzo echipfuva anogona kupararira munzvimbo idzi. |
| Kudikitira zvakanyanya kamwe kamwe | Kudikitira pasina chikonzero, sekunge muviri watonhora. |
| Kuoma kufema | Kunzwa kudzipwa, kunetseka kufema. |
| Kunzwa dzungu kana kupera simba | Dambudziko iri rinogona kuitika nekuda kwekuderera kweBP. |
| Kuwedzera kwekurova kwemoyo (kurova kwemoyo) | Kunzwa sekuti moyo wako uri kurova nekukurumidza. |
| Kusvotwa nekurutsa | Chiratidzo ichi chinowanzoonekwa pakati pevakadzi nevanorwara nechirwere cheshuga. |
| Kuneta zvakanyanya uye kushaya simba | Kuneta zvakanyanya pasina chikonzero. |
Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei hutano hweLAD?
Zvichienderana nezviratidzo zvako, chiremba wako angangoda kuongorora mamiriro etsinga dzemwoyo wako. Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuyedza izvi.
| Bvunzo | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore... |
|---|---|
| Kugadziriswa kweCatheterization yeMwoyo (Angiogram) | Chubhu yakatetepa inopfuudzwa nemutsinga yeropa iri paruoko kana pagumbo, dhayi yakakosha inopinzwa, uye X-ray inotorwa kuti ione kana tsinga yeropa yakavharwa. |
| Coronary CT Angiogram (CCTA) | Kuongororwa kweCT kwakakosha kunotora mifananidzo yetsinga dzeropa dzemwoyo ine mativi matatu (3D). |
| Ultrasound yeMutsinga (IVUS) | Muchina mudiki wekuongorora ropa unopinzwa mutsinga yeropa uye mukati memadziro etsinga munoongororwa. |
| Chikamu Chekuyerera Kwechikamu (FFR) | Kumanikidzwa kuri mukati metsinga yeropa kunoyerwa kuti kuonekwe kuti ropa rakawanda sei riri kuvharika nekuda kwekuvharika kwaro. |
Ndeapi marapirwo ekudzivirira kweLAD?
Kana paine kuvharika kwakanyanya mutsinga yeLAD, vanachiremba vanoirapa kuti ivhurwezve. Nzira inonyanya kushandiswa ndeye angioplasty uye kuisa stent .
Chinoitika mune izvi ndechekuti, kungofanana neangiogram, chubhu yakatetepa inopfuudzwa nemutsinga yeropa kuenda kunzvimbo yakavharika. Nekuputira bharumu diki riri kumagumo kwechubhu, plaque yakavharika inodzvanywa pamadziro etsinga, zvichiita kuti ropa riwedzere kuyerera zvakare. Izvi zvinonzi ``Angioplasty```.
Zvadaro, kuti nzvimbo yakakurisa isanyanya kutetepa zvakare, chubhu diki yesimbi (stent) yakagadzirwa semesh inoiswa panzvimbo iyoyo. Iyi "stent" inochengetedza tsinga yeropa yakavhurika. Zvichienderana nekuti kurapwa uku kunoitwa nekukurumidza sei kana paine chirwere chemwoyo, kukuvara kwemoyo kunogona kuderedzwa.
Ndingachengetedza sei moyo wangu uine hutano?
"Kudzivirira kuri nani pane kurapa," vanodaro. Saka, pane zvakawanda zvatinogona kuita tese kuchengetedza mwoyo yedu netsinga dzeropa tisati tasangana nechirwere chakakomba chakadai.
- Tora kudya kwakanaka pamoyo: Deredza kudya kwako mafuta akawanda (cholesterol) nemafuta (zvikafu zvakakangwa, zvekudya zvinokurumidza, nenyama ine mafuta). Isa michero, miriwo, nyemba, hove diki, nenzungu mukudya kwako.
- Maekisesaizi nguva dzose: Ita mamwe maekisesaizi, akadai sekufamba netsoka, kumhanya, kana kuchovha bhasikoro, kwemaminitsi makumi matatu pazuva, mazuva mashanu pasvondo. Izvi zvichakubatsira kudzora huremu hwako, cholesterol, uye BP.
- Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka: Kuchengeta huremu hwakanaka zvichienderana nekureba kwako kunobatsira zvikuru pamoyo wako.
- Rega kusvuta zvachose: Kana uchisvuta, tsvaga rubatsiro rwekurega nhasi. Ndicho chinhu chakanakisisa chaunogona kuitira moyo wako.
- Deredza kunwa doro: Zvakanaka kurega kunwa doro zvachose.
- Dzivisa chirwere cheshuga neBP: Kana uine chirwere cheshuga kana BP, tora mishonga yako sezvawakarairwa nachiremba wako. Deredza munyu waunodya.
- Deredza kushushikana: Chengetedza hutano hwepfungwa kuburikidza nezvinhu zvakaita seyoga nekufungisisa.
Kuchinja mararamiro aya kuchakubatsira kuchengetedza muviri wako wese wakasimba, kwete chete tsinga yako yeropa. Kana uine zvinokunetsa nezveutano hwemwoyo wako, usazeza kutaura nachiremba wemhuri yako.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Tsinga yeropa yeLeft Anterior Descendeng (LAD) ndiyo tsinga huru uye inonyanya kukosha inopa ropa kumwoyo yedu.
- Kuvharika uku kunogona kukonzera chirwere chemwoyo ("Widowmaker") chinogona kuva chakanyanya kuipa uye chinoisa upenyu panjodzi.
- Usambofa wakafuratira zviratidzo zvakaita sekurwadziwa pachipfuva, kunetseka kufema, kana kudikitira zvakanyanya. Idambudziko rehutano. Enda kuchipatara kuEmergency Department (ETU) nekukasika.
- Unogona kuchengetedza moyo wako nekudya chikafu chine hutano, kurovedza muviri nguva dzose, kusasvuta fodya, uye kudzora chirwere cheshuga/BP.
- Kana uine zvinokunetsa nezveutano hwemwoyo wako kana zvinhu zvinokupinza munjodzi, usambozeza kutaura nachiremba wako.
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