Tose takambonzwa nezve "pneumonia," handiti? Vamwe vedu tingave takambonzwa. Tinowanzo funga nezve pneumonia sechirwere chimwe chete. Asi kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana ehutachiona anogona kukonzera pneumonia. Nhasi tichataura nezverudzi rwe pneumonia rwakakosha zvishoma, uye runogona kuva nengozi. Ichi chinonzi "Legionnaires' Disease." Ungave usina kunzwa nezvezita iri, asi zvakakosha kuziva nezvaro.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi Legionnaires' Disease?
Chirwere cheLegionnaires chirwere chinotapukira mumapapu ako, rudzi rwepneumonia. Chinokonzerwa nerudzi rwebhakitiriya rinonzi Legionella . Unowana chirwere ichi kana ukafema madonhwe madiki emvura ane bhakitiriya iri.
Chirwere ichi chinonyanya kukanganisa mapapu ako. Asi dzimwe nguva chinogonawo kukanganisa uropi hwako nedumbu (mudumbu). Kune chimwe chirwere chidiki chinokonzerwa nebhakitiriya reLegionella, rinonzi Pontiac fever . Hachina kuipa seizvi, chinouya sedzihwa robva raenda. Asi chirwere cheLegionnaires chinogona kutyisidzira hupenyu, saka tinofanira kungwarira nezvazvo.
Zvino ungave uchishamisika kuti, "Ndeipi musiyano uripo pakati pepneumonia yenguva dzose neLegionnaires' Disease?" Musiyano uri pahutachiona hunokonzera chirwere ichi. Legionnaires' Disease inoitika kana bhakitiriya inonzi Legionella ikapinda mumapapu. Kunyangwe varwere vazhinji vari muchipatara vaine fivha nekukosora, zvimwe zviratidzo zvakaita semanyoka nekuvhiringidzika zvinowanzoonekwawo muchirwere ichi.
Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere ichi?
Kutaura zvazviri, kunyangwe mabhakitiriya eLegionella aripo munharaunda, havasi vese vanoafema vachawana chirwere ichi. Kana masoja emuviri wedu akasimba, acharwisa mabhakitiriya aya uye achatidzivirira. Asi vamwe vanhu vari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere ichi kupfuura vamwe. Ngationei kuti ndivanaani.
| Chikamu chenjodzi | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Vanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi mashanu | Sezvatinokura, dziviriro yemuviri inoderera, zvichiita kuti tive nyore kubatwa nehutachiona. |
| Vanhu vanoputa kana kuti vakamboputa kare | Nekuti mapapu anokuvadzwa nekusvuta, haakwanise kurwisa hutachiona. |
| Vanhu vane masoja emuviri asina simba | Zvirwere zvakaita seHIV, chirwere cheshuga, kenza, chirwere cheitsvo kana chechiropa, kana mimwe mishonga (semuenzaniso, mishonga yekurwisa kenza, masteroid) zvinogona kuderedza kugona kwemuviri kurwisa zvirwere. |
| Vanhu vane zvirwere zvekufema zvisingaperi | Utachiona uhwu hunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya vanhu vane zvirwere zvemapapu zvakaita seCOPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) kana emphysema. |
| Vanhu vakambopinda muchipatara kana kuti vanogara mudzimba dzevakwegura | Izvi zvinodaro nekuti pane mukana wekuti utachiona uhwu hukure mumvura yezvivakwa zvikuru. |
| Vanhu vachangobva kuvhiyiwa | Muviri unogona kunge usina simba kwenguva pfupi, kunyanya kana kuvhiyiwa kwakaitwa pasi peanesthesia. |
| Vanogamuchira nhengo dzakaiswa | Mushure mekuisirwa nhengo, muviri unopihwa mishonga inodzvinyirira masoja emuviri kuti usarambe nhengo itsva. Saka, njodzi yekutapukirwa yakakura kwazvo. |
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi?
Zviratidzo zveLegionella zvinotanga kuoneka pakati pemazuva maviri kusvika gumi nemana mushure mekutapukirwa nebhakitiriya iri. Kunyangwe izvi zvakafanana nezve pneumonia, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana.
- Fivha yakanyanya:Fivha inogona kukwira kupfuura 40 degrees Celsius (104 Fahrenheit).
- Kukosora: Kunogona kutanga nekukosora kwakaoma. Dzimwe nguva, ropa shoma rinogona kubuda nephlegm (hemoptysis).
- Kuoma kufema: Unganzwa kushaya mweya kunyangwe uchiedza zvishoma (dyspnea).
- Kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama: Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya kunogona kuitika mumuviri.
- Musoro: Musoro wemusoro wakanyanya ungaitika.
Pamusoro pezvo, kune zvimwe zviratidzo zvakasiyana zvechirwere ichi.
- Manyoka: Manyoka pamwe chete nemabayo chiratidzo chikuru cheLegionnaires' Disease.
- Kurutsa uye kuda kurutsa: Kurutsa kunogona kuperekedzwa nedumbu rinogumbuka.
- Kuvhiringidzika: Zviratidzo zvine chekuita neuropi zvakaita sekuvhiringidzika, kusagadzikana, uye kutadza kurangarira kuti uri kupi kana kuti inguvai zvinogona kuitika.
Unogona kuona kuti ichi chiratidzo chakasiyana zvikuru uye chakakomba kupfuura chikosoro.
Chirwere ichi chinotapuriranwa sei? Chinhu chakakosha!
Ichi ndicho chinhu chakakosha chinofanira kuzivikanwa nemunhu wese. Chirwere cheLegionnaires hachisi chirwere chinogona kupararira kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe munhu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti haugone kuchibata nekuva pedyo nemunhu ane chirwere ichi, paanokosora kana kuhotsira. Chinopararira munzvimbo yakapoteredza.
Mabhakitiriya eLegionella anowanikwa mumadziva, madziva, nzizi, nevhu. Asi haatikuvadzi zvakanyanya kana ari munzvimbo idzodzo. Dambudziko rinotanga kana mabhakitiriya aya apinda mumvura dzakagadzirwa nevanhu uye otanga kukura nekukurumidza munzvimbo dzinodziya dziri ikoko.
Funga nezvemuchina wekutonhodza mweya (AC) muhotera huru, hofisi, kana chipatara. Michina iyi mikuru inoshandisa mvura kuitonhodza. Kupisa kuri mumatangi emvura iwayo inzvimbo yekuberekera mabhakitiriya aya. Madonhwe madiki emvura (mvura ine aerosolized) anoumbwa kubva mumvura iyoyo anogona kupararira muchivako chose kuburikidza nemuchina wekutonhodza mweya. Vanhu pavanofema mweya iwoyo, mabhakitiriya acho anoenda zvakananga kumapapu avo.
Uyewo, dzimwe nguva patinonwa mvura kana kusuka muromo wedu, kana tikangoerekana "tadurura" mvura, kureva kuti, kana ikapinda mumhepo, inogona kukonzera hutachiona kana paine mabhakitiriya mumvura iyoyo.
Utachiona uhwu hunowanikwa zvakanyanya mu:
- Matangi emvura inopisa: Utachiona uhwu hunokura zvakanaka mumvura inopisa.
- Misoro yeshawa nemapombi: Kunyanya kana uchishandisa shawa isina kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba.
- Magadzirirwo emhepo inotonhorera (AC) uye masisitimu emvura muzvivakwa zvikuru: mahotera, zvipatara, mahofisi.
- Zvinhu zvekushongedza mvura: Zvinhu zvemvura zvinowanikwa muzvitoro.
- Humidifiers: Zvishandiso zvinowedzera hunyoro mumhepo.
- Shanu:Zvinogonawo kukonzerwa, kashoma, nekufema guruva kubva muvhu panguva yekurima.
Nzira yekuziva sei chirwere ichi?
Kana uine zviratidzo zvataurwa pamusoro apa, chiremba wako achatanga akuongorora. Achakubvunzawo nezvenhoroondo yako yekufamba munguva pfupi yapfuura (semuenzaniso, wakagara muhotera here?), nhoroondo yebasa, uye chero zvimwe zvirwere zvaungave nazvo.
Kuongororwa kwakawanda kunoitwa kuti kusimbiswe chirwere ichi.
- Kuongororwa kweweti nemapute: Uku ndiko kuongororwa kunonyanya kuitwa. Muenzaniso weweti yako unogona kuongororwa kuti uone kana paine maantigen eLegionella. Muenzaniso wepute yako unogona kutorwa uye mabhakitiriya anogona kuunganidzwa.
- Kuongororwa kweropa: Kuongororwa kweropa kunotsvaga masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anorwisa mabhakitiriya ari muropa. Kuongororwa kweropa kunobatsirawo kuona mashandiro anoita nhengo dzemuviri (itsvo, chiropa).
- X-ray yechipfuva kana CT scan: Kuongororwa uku kunobatsira kuona kuti chirwere chepneumonia chiri sei mumapapu uye kuti chapararira kusvika papi.
- Bronchoscopy: Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakakomba, chubhu diki ine kamera diki inopfuudzwa nemumhino kana mumuromo ichipinda mumapapu, uko sampuro yemasero inotorwa yoongororwa.
- Thoracentesis: Kana paine mvura yakatenderedza mapapu (pleural effusion), tsono nhete inopinzwa muchipfuva uye mvura shoma inobviswa kuti kuyedzwe mabhakitiriya.
Inorapwa sei?
Mashoko akanaka ndeekuti chirwere cheLegionnaires chinorapika zvachose nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya , asi zvakakosha kutanga kurapwa nekukurumidza.
Varwere vanowanzo rapwa nekuiswa muchipatara.
- Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya: Pakutanga, inopihwa semishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya mutsinga dzemuviri. Kana wangonzwa zviri nani, unochinjwa kushandisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inonwiwa. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inonyanya kushandiswa ndeyeAzithromycin, Levofloxacin, uye Doxycycline .
- Kupa okisijeni: Kana uchinetseka kufema, okisijeni yekuwedzera inopihwa kuburikidza nechubhu yemhino kana mask.
- Kufema Kwemuchina: Kana chirwere chacho chakanyanya kuipa uye mapapu asingakwanise kushanda ega, murwere anopinzwa muIntensive Care Unit (ICU) uye anobatanidzirwa nemuchina kuti umubatsire kufema.
Chii chinoitika mushure mekupora?
Kunyangwe mushure mekunge madzoka kumba kubva kuchipatara, zvakakosha kuti mutore mishonga yese inorwisa mabhakitiriya yamakanyorerwa nachiremba wenyu kwenguva yese. Izvi zvichabatsira kuti hutachiona hupere zvachose.
Zvakare, zvinotora nguva kuti muviri upore kubva kuhutachiona hwakadaro. Kwemwedzi yakati wandei, unogona kusangana nezvinotevera:
- Kuneta
- Kurwadziwa kwemuviri
- Matambudziko ekuenzanisa pakufamba
- Kuomerwa zvishoma kutaura
Kana zviratidzo izvi zvikaramba zviripo, taura nachiremba wako nezvazvo.
Matambudziko angangoitika echirwere ichi
Kana chirwere chikasarapwa nenguva kana kuti chikanyanya kuipa, matambudziko akawanda anogona kukonzera njodzi kuhupenyu.
- Kutadza kufema: Mapapu haakwanise kupa ropa huwandu hunodiwa hweokisijeni. Panyaya iyi, kufefetera kwemuviri kunova kwakakosha.
- Kukuvara kweitsvo zvakanyanya (AKI): Itsvo hadzikwanise kusefa tsvina kubva muropa. Izvi zvinoda mushonga kana dialysis.
- Encephalopathy: Zviratidzo zvakaita sekuvhiringidzika nematambudziko ekuenzanisa zvinogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya.
- Kuvhunduka Kweropa: Utachiona hwapararira muropa rose, zvichiita kuti BP iderere zvine njodzi, uye nhengo dzemuviri dzisashande zvakanaka.
- Rhabdomyolysis: Tsandanyama dzinokuvadzwa, uye mapuroteni adzo anogona kuungana muropa uye kukuvadza itsvo.
Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kutyisa kunzwa. Asi yeuka, kana chirwere chikaonekwa nekukurumidza uye chikarapwa nemazvo, vanhu vazhinji vanopora zvizere. Kana chikasarapwa, njodzi yekufa inogona kusvika pa30% - 80%. Asi nekurapwa nemazvo, njodzi iyi inogona kuderedzwa kusvika pa5% - 10%.
Unofanira kuona chiremba riini? Unofanira kuenda kuETU riini?
Kana uine zviratidzo zveLegionnaires' Disease, kunyanya fivha yakanyanya, kukosora, uye manyoka, enda kuna chiremba wako nekukasika.
Uyewo, kana wagara muhotera kana muhotera nguva pfupi yadarika uye paine nhau dzekuti chirwere cheLegionnaires chiri kupararira ikoko, kuchenjera kutaura nachiremba kuti akupe mazano, kunyangwe usina zviratidzo.
Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvikuru zvinotevera, enda kuchipatara chiri pedyo neEmergency Department (ETU) nekukurumidza.
- Fivha yakanyanya
- Kuoma kukuru kwekufema
- Kukosora ropa
- Kuvhiringidzika, kuvhiringidzika mupfungwa, kana kuoma kutaura
- Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya pachipfuva
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chirwere cheLegionnaires chirwere chepneumonia chakanyanya kukonzerwa nebhakitiriya reLegionella. Chinopararira nekufema madonhwe ane bhakitiriya.
- Izvi hazvitapurirani kubva kumunhu mumwe kuenda kune mumwe.
- Vanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi mashanu, vanoputa fodya, uye avo vane masoja emuviri asina simba (vakadai sevarwere vane chirwere cheshuga nevarwere vekenza) vari panjodzi huru.
- Fivha yakanyanya, kukosora, kuoma kufema, manyoka, uye kuvhiringidzika zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa.
- Ichi chirwere chinogona kurapwa zvachose nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, saka zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukurumidza.
- Kana uine zviratidzo zvakakomba zvakaita sekuoma kufema, fivha yakanyanya, kana kuvhiringidzika, enda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara nekukasika.
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