Mwana wako mudiki anoita seakasiyana nepakutanga here? Anowanzo farira kuva ega, ane shamwari shoma, uye dzimwe nguva maitiro ake akaoma kunzwisisa... Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikukonzera kunetseka kukuru. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri chikamu chenguva dzose chekuyaruka, kana kuti pangave nechimwe chikonzero chiripo. Ndizvo zvinoreva autism, kana kuti Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) . Sevabereki, zvakajairika kuti tinzwe kutya uye kunetseka kana mwana ane chirwere ichi apinda mukuyaruka. Ngatitaurei nezvazvo nenzira iri nyore uye tiwane mhinduro dzemibvunzo yauri kufunga nezvayo.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve autism mumwana mudiki?
Kuyaruka inguva iyo manzwiro nemaitiro evana zvinochinja zvakanyanya. Saka dzimwe nguva zvinogona kuoma kusiyanisa pakati pemaitiro evechidiki nemaitiro anokonzerwa neautism. Hakuna chinhu chakadai sebvunzo yekukurumidza (bvunzo yeautism yevechidiki). Zvisinei, kune zvimwe zvinhu nematambudziko anoonekwa zvikuru anosangana nemwana ane autism paanopinda mukuyaruka.
| Dambudziko / Chinhu | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore... |
|---|---|
| Matambudziko ane chekuita nekuyaruka | Musikana angangoda kutsanangurwa zvakajeka kuti kumwedzi chii, kuti kunonzwa sei, uye kuti ndezvipi zvinhu zvehutsanana zvekushandisa panguva iyoyo. Vakomana nevasikana vanofanirwa kudzidziswa zvakajeka nezvenzvimbo dzakakodzera nedzisina kukodzera dzekutaura nezvebonde uye shanduko dzemuviri. |
| Pfari/ Kubatwa nepfari | Vana vane autism vari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nepfari kupfuura vanhuwo zvavo. Nekuda kwekuchinja kwemahormone vachiri vadiki, vamwe vana vanogona kutanga kubata pfari kekutanga munguva iyi. Kana mwana atove nepfari, mamiriro acho anogona kuipa. |
| Matambudziko nebasa rechikoro | Kunyangwe mwana anonyatsogona kudzidza anogona kuona zvichimuomera kunzwisisa pfungwa dzepfungwa, kufunga zvakadzama, uye kunyora rondedzero mumagiredhi epamusoro. Anogona kuona zvichimuomera kugadzirisa shanduko iyi yedzidzo. |
| Kurasikirwa neshamwari/kushungurudzwa | Maitiro anodzokorora, zvinhu zvinoitwa nevanhu vasingazivikanwe, uye maitiro evanhu asingakodzeri zera ravo zvinoita kuti vanyanye kushungurudzwa nevamwe vavo. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti varasikirwe neshamwari dzavo uye vave kusurukirwa. |
| Matambudziko epfungwa | Kuchinja kwevechidiki uye kumanikidzwa kwevanhu kunoita kuti zviomere vana vane autism kudzora manzwiro avo. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kumamiriro ezvinhu akadai sekuora mwoyo kana kuzvidya mwoyo. Kutaura zvazviri, vana vanosvika 39% vane autism vakaonekwa vaine chirwere chekuzvidya mwoyo. |
Pane musiyano here pakati pevasikana nevakomana?
Ehe, iyi ipfungwa inokosha zvikuru. Vasikana vane autism vanogona kuzvibata zvakasiyana nevakomana. Tsvagiridzo yakawana kuti vasikana vanoedza kuvanza hunhu hwavo hwe autism voita sevana vakajairwa (sekuita). Izvi zvinonzi 'camouflaging' kana 'masking' .
Fungidzira, vanoedza kutaura, kunyemwerera, uye kuita sevamwe vanhu munharaunda. Kunyange zvazvo vachiratidzika kunge vanoshamwaridzana nevamwe kunze, vanonetseka zvikuru uye vanonetseka mukati.
Kana mwanasikana wako achiratidzika kunge ane autism, asi chiremba akati "anonyanya kushamwaridzana nevamwe," zvakakosha kuti uwane mumwe munhu anomubvunza. Kunonoka kuongororwa kunowedzera mukana wemwanasikana wako wekuva nematambudziko makuru ehutano hwepfungwa.
Sei zviratidzo zve autism zvemwana wangu zvichiita sezviri kuwedzera pazera iri?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, imhaka yekushushikana.. Tinoona zviratidzo zve autism zvakanyanya kuoma pazera diki nekuda kwekuchinja kutsva kwavanofanira kusangana nako panguva iyoyo. Funga nezvekuchinja kuri kuita miviri yavo, kuwedzera kwebasa kuchikoro, kumanikidzwa nevezera ravo, kufunga nezveramangwana... Kana zvese izvi zvikaitika panguva imwe chete, zvinogona kuoma kuti mwana ane autism atsungirire. Imhaka yekushushikana ikoko ndiko kunoita kuti zviratidzo zvavo zvionekwe zviri pachena.
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti autism haisi chirwere chinongoerekana chaitika pazera diki. Zviratidzo zvacho zvinofanira kunge zvaivepo mumwana kubvira achiri mudiki. Dzimwe nguva, zviratidzo zvacho zvingasanyatsooneka muhudiki uye zvinogona kubuda nematambudziko ekukura.
Kana mwana wako akatanga kuratidza zviratidzo izvi (kuva ega, kuita zvimwe chete) achiri mudiki , zvinogona kunge zvisiri autism. Saka kana uine kusava nechokwadi, taura nachiremba wako.
Nzira yekutarisira mwana mudiki ane autism?
Chinhu chekutanga chekurangarira ndechekuti autism haisi mhando yehunhu. Kunyangwe mwana wako aine hunhu hwe autism, achiri munhu ane zvaanoda, zvaasingade, zvaanoda, uye manzwiro ake.
Ngatikubatsirei kuti muve vanhu vanoshamwaridzana nevamwe, asi musavamanikidza.
Vana vazhinji vadiki vane autism havadi kushanda nevamwe. Zvisinei, unogona kuvakurudzira kuti vashamwaridzane nevamwe kuburikidza nemabasa avanofarira . Semuenzaniso, mwana anoda kudhirowa anogona kuiswa muboka reunyanzvi, kana mwana anoridza chiridzwa anogona kuiswa mubhendi.
Kunyangwe uchida kuti mwana wako ave neshamwari dzakawanda, usamumanikidza. Angafara zvikuru kana aine shamwari imwe chete yepamwoyo. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekugadzira nzvimbo iyo hushamwari hunogona kukura.
Dzidzisa zvakajeka hunyanzvi hunodiwa muhupenyu
Vana vadiki vanodzidza zvakawanda nekutarisa vezera ravo kwete kudzidziswa zvakananga. Asi mwana wako ane autism anofanira kudzidziswa hunyanzvi uhwu hwehupenyu zvakajeka, nhanho nenhanho.
- Hutsanana uye hutano hwemunhu: Ungangoda kuzviyeuchidza kugeza zuva nezuva, kushandisa deodorant, uye kuveura ndebvu. Uyewo, kurudzira kurara zvakanaka, kudya zvine hutano , uye kurovedza muviri.
- Kudzora Manzwiro: Ziva manzwiro akadai semufaro, kusuruvara, uye hasha, nzwisisa kana mumwe munhu akasuruvara, uye dzidzira kuzvinyaradza kana uchinetseka.
- Unyanzvi hwekuchengetedza: Vadzidzise zvinhu zvakaita sekuyambuka mugwagwa, kukumbira rubatsiro kana zvichidikanwa, uye kusaenda nevanhu vausingazive.
- Unyanzvi hwekugarisana nevamwe :Dzidzisa zvinhu zviri nyore zvine hunhu zvakaita sekutanga hurukuro nemumwe munhu, kubvunza kuti "Makadini?", kukwazisa, kutenda, uye kuvhura gonhi remumwe munhu.
- Kutarisira mari: Dzidzira zvinhu zvakaita sekuti ungatenga sei chikafu muchitoro wochibhadhara, ungagadzira sei bhajeti riri nyore, uye kuti ungashandisa sei kadhi rechikwereti.
Mwana mudiki ane autism ane simba nezvinetso zvakasiyana pakunzwisisa nyika. Kana mwana wako achinetseka nehunyanzvi hwekushamwaridzana nevamwe, kugadzirisa manzwiro ake, uye kugadzirisa shanduko mumabasa ake ezuva nezuva, anogona kubatsirwa zvikuru nekuongororwa kwe autism.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Zviratidzo zveAutism zvinoita sezviri kuwedzera muvechidiki, kwete nekuda kwekutanga kwechirwere ichi, asi nekuda kwekushushikana kunoitika pazera iroro.
- Vasikana vanogona kuviga chimiro chavo. Kana muine kusava nechokwadi, musazeza kutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kuna chiremba.
- Pane kumanikidza mwana wako kuti ave neshamwari, gadzira nzvimbo yaanogona kushamwaridzana nayo kuburikidza nezvinhu zvaanofarira.
- Dzidzisai hunyanzvi hwehupenyu hwakadai sekuchena, kudzora manzwiro, kuchengetedzeka, uye kushandisa mari zvakajeka uye zvakananga.
- Mwana wako mukuru kupfuura autism. Remekedza hunhu hwake uye mupe rutsigiro rwaanoda.
- Kana muine kusava nechokwadi, mibvunzo, kana zvinokunetsai, zvakakosha zvikuru kutaura nachiremba wevana kana chiremba wepfungwa dzevana.
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