Wakambova neronda kana kuti bota pamuviri wako risati rapora kwemazuva akawanda here? Dzimwe nguva tinofunga kuti, "Aa, ingori bota diki." Asi mamwe maronda nehutachiona hazvipori kunyangwe nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nguva dzose. Muzviitiko izvozvo, chikonzero chingave "superbug" ine njodzi zvishoma pane bhakitiriya yakajairika uye isingabatwi nemishonga nyore nyore. Nhasi tichataura nezveimwe bhakitiriya yakadaro yakatikonzera kunetseka kukuru munyika yezvekurapa. Ndiyo MRSA.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi MRSA?
Zita rekuti MRSA rinogona kunzwika serakaoma zvishoma. Zita raro rakazara ndiMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus . Ngatizvichengetedzei zviri nyore.
- Staphylococcus aureus: Urwu rudzi rwebhakitiriya rwakajairika rwunogara paganda redu, mumhino dzedu, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Tinoti "Staph" bacteria muchidimbu. Kazhinji, kana bhakitiriya iyi ikapinda mumuviri wedu, inogona kupinda neparonda diki kana kuchekwa uye kukonzera ganda diki kana tupukanana. Zvisinei, izvi zvinogona kurapwa zviri nyore nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inowanzo pihwa.
- Inodzivirira Methicillin: Heino dambudziko. `Methicillin` mushonga unoshandiswa zvakanyanya uri wemhuri ye`Penicillin`. "Inodzivirira" zvinoreva 'inodzivirira.' Kureva kuti, rudzi urwu rwebhakitiriya reStaph rinonzi MRSA rwakagadzira kugona kwekudzivirira mishonga yakawanda inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kusanganisira `Methicillin.`
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, MRSA rudzi rwebhakitiriya reStaph rine simba re "kurwisa nekukunda" mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Zvakafanana nekurwisa muvengi nekuvaka nhumbi dzekuzvidzivirira kubva kuzvombo zvake. Izvi zvinoita kuti zviome kurapa hutachiona hweMRSA, sezvo paine mishonga mishoma inoshanda pakurwisa hutachiona.
MRSA inhengo yakakosha yemhuri yeStaph bacteria iyo yakava nesimba guru rekusagona kurwisa mabhakitiriya.
Kune mhando mbiri huru dzehutachiona hweMRSA:
Utachiona hweMRSA hwakakamurwa kuita mhando mbiri huru zvichienderana nekuti hunogona kutapuriranwa sei kwatiri. Izvi zvakakosha kuti tizvinzwisise.
1. MRSA Inowanikwa Muhutano (HA-MRSA): Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, rudzi urwu runopararira munzvimbo dzehutano dzakadai sezvipatara, makiriniki, uye nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa vakwegura. Vanhu vakagara muchipatara kwenguva yakareba, vakavhiyiwa, kana kuti vakapinzwa mutsinga mumuviri wavo vari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nerudzi urwu. Nekuti mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inowanzo shandiswa muzvipatara, mabhakitiriya ikoko anogona kukura asingagoni kuirwisa.
2.MRSA Yakawanikwa Munharaunda (CA-MRSA): Iyi ndiyo mhando yatinofanira kunyanya kunetseka nayo. Haiparadzirwe kubva kuchipatara, asi kubva munharaunda yedu. Inogona kupararira munzvimbo dzakazara vanhu dzakadai sezvikoro, nzvimbo dzemitambo (majimu, nzvimbo dzekutamba), nzvimbo dzemauto, zvikoro zvebhodhingi. Kunyangwe munhu ane hutano hwakanaka anogona kuibata.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvehutachiona hweMRSA?
Zviratidzo zvehutachiona hweMRSA zvinoenderana nekuti hwakabatwa nepi mumuviri. Dzimwe nguva izvi zvingaita sehutachiona hwakajairika, asi zvinogona kukurumidza kuipa.
| Nzvimbo yehutachiona | Zviratidzo zvaunogona kuona |
|---|---|
| Zvirwere zveganda nenyama yakapfava | Iyi ndiyo mhando inonyanya kuzivikanwa. Dzimwe nguva inotanga sebundu dzvuku, rakazvimba, rinorwadza , sekunge kurumwa nedandemutande . Rinokura zvishoma nezvishoma roita dumbu rakazara nemapundu. Ganda rakatenderedza rinogona kutsvuka ronzwa kupisa kana rikabatwa. |
| Utachiona hwemapapu (pneumonia) | Kukosora kwakanyanya, kunetseka kufema, kurwadziwa pachipfuva, fivha yakanyanya, uye kuneta. |
| Kupararira kwehutachiona muropa (Bacteremia) | Ichi chirwere chakakomba zvikuru. Mabhakitiriya paanopinda muropa, zviratidzo zvakaita sefivha yakanyanya, dzihwa, kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza, uye BP yakaderera zvinogona kuitika. |
| Utachiona hwemapfupa nemajoini (Osteomyelitis) | Mapfupa kana mapfundo ane chirwere ichi acharwadziwa zvakanyanya, kuzvimba, uye kutsvuka, zvichiita kuti zviome kufambisa nzvimbo ine chirwere ichi. |
| Utachiona hwemwoyo (Endocarditis) | Utachiona hwemukati memwoyo hunokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya. Hunogona kukonzera fivha, kushaya simba, kufema zvakaoma, uye kurira kwemoyo kusingawanzoitiki (kunyunyuta). |
MRSA inotapuriranwa sei?
MRSA chirwere chinotapukira. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chinogona kupararira kubva kumunhu mumwe kuenda kune mumwe. Vamwe vanhu vane mabhakitiriya eMRSA mumiviri yavo (semuenzaniso, mumhino dzavo) asi havaratidzi zviratidzo. Tinovati "vanotakura utachiona." Kunyangwe vasina zviratidzo, vanogona kuparadzira mabhakitiriya kune vamwe.
Heano mamwe enzira huru dzinoshandiswa kupararira kweMRSA:
- Kubata munhu zvakananga: Nekubata ronda kana ganda remunhu ane hutachiona.
- Kubata nzvimbo dzakasvibiswa: Mabhakitiriya eMRSA anogona kugara panzvimbo dzakadai semagumbeze emusuwo, matafura, nemachira emubhedha kwemavhiki. Unogona kutapukirwa kana ukabata nzvimbo yakadaro wozobata mhino yako kana muromo wako neruoko rumwe chete.
- Kugovana zvinhu zvako: Kugovana zvinhu zvakaita sematauro, reza, mbatya, uye midziyo yemitambo nemunhu ane hutachiona kunogona kuparadzira hutachiona zviri nyore. Fungidzira timu yerugby ichigovana matauro, uye kana mumwe munhu aine hutachiona, pane mukana mukuru wekuti vamwe vachabatwawo nehutachiona.
- Midziyo yekurapa ine utachiona: Utachiona hunogona kuitika kuburikidza nemidziyo isina kucheneswa zvakanaka kana michina yakaiswa (semuenzaniso, central venous line, breathing tube) muzvipatara.
Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa neMRSA?
Kunyangwe munhu wese achigona kubatwa neMRSA, vamwe vanhu vari panjodzi huru.
| Boka renjodzi | Chikonzero |
|---|---|
| Vanhu vari kurapwa muchipatara | Vanhu vanga vari muchipatara kwenguva yakareba, avo vakavhiyiwa, uye avo vane michina yakaita semachubhu akaiswa mumiviri yavo ndivo vari panjodzi huru. |
| Vanhu vane dziviriro yemuviri isina simba | Vanhu vane zvirwere zvakaita sechirwere cheshuga, chirwere cheitsvo, HIV, kana kenza vanogona kutapukirwa nyore nyore nekuda kwekusasimba kwemasoja emuviri. |
| Vanhu vanogara vari mumapoka | Njodzi yacho yakakura munzvimbo dzakadai semabharaki emasoja, dzimba dzekurara, nemajeri nekuti vanhu vanogara pedyo nepedyo uye pane mukana wakakura wekugovana zvinhu zvavo. |
| Vanhu vanoita mitambo yekubatana | Mumitambo yakaita serugby newrestling, njodzi yekutapukirwa yakakura nekuda kwekubatana kweganda, kukweshana, uye kugovana zvishandiso. |
| Vanhu vanobaya mishonga isingabvumirwe | Pane njodzi huru yekutapukirwa neropa nekuda kwekushandisa kakawanda kana kugovana tsono imwe chete. |
Vanachiremba vanoongorora uye vanorapa sei hutachiona hweMRSA?
Kana uchifungidzira kuti une hutachiona hweMRSA, chiremba achatora sampuro kubva panzvimbo ine hutachiona oitumira kurabhoritari kuti iongororwe. Izvi zvinogona kuva sampuro yemapundu kubva paronda, sampuro yeropa, sampuro yeweti, kana sampuro yephlegm.
Rabhoritari ichakura mabhakitiriya ari mumuenzaniso uyu uye ichaongorora "Tsika." Zvadaro, vachaona kuti maantibiotics api anoshanda pabhakitiriya iroro uye api asingashande (Antibiotic Susceptibility Test). Mushure mebvunzo iyi ndipo panobva pasimbiswa kuti iMRSA uye mushonga wakakodzera unosarudzwa.
Nzira dzekurapa
Kurapwa kweMRSA kunoenderana nerudzi uye kuoma kwehutachiona.
- Pazvirwere zveganda: Kazhinji, kana paine dumbu rine urwa, rinochekwa uye urwa hunobviswa (Incision and Drainage). Dzimwe nguva izvi chete zvinogona kudzora hutachiona. Pamusoro pezvo, ungangoda kushandisa mapiritsi emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kana mafuta ekuzora akanyorerwa nachiremba wako.
- Kana utachiona hwacho hwapararira kusvika muropa, mumapapu, kana mune dzimwe nhengo dzemukati, ungangoda kuendeswa kuchipatara wopihwa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inopinzwa mutsinga (IV) . Iyi mishonga yakasimba kwazvo. Dzimwe nguva mhando dzinopfuura imwe chete dzemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya dzingangoda kupihwa panguva imwe chete.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, usarega kutora mushonga wemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya wawakanyorerwa nachiremba wako chero chikonzero chipi zvacho.Kana ukarega kutora mushonga uyu nekuti wava kunzwa zviri nani, mabhakitiriya akaipisisa asara anogona kukura zvakare ova asingachadi mushonga wacho.
Chii chatinofanira kuita kuti tirambe takachengeteka kubva kuMRSA?
Kunyange hazvo MRSA iri chirwere chine njodzi, tinogona kuita zvakawanda kuti tizvidzivirire kubva kwachiri nekuchengetedza hutsanana hwakanaka.
- Geza maoko ako nguva dzose: Ichi ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Geza maoko ako nesipo nemvura zvakanaka kwemasekondi makumi maviri . Iva nechokwadi chekugeza maoko ako mushure mekubuda, usati wadya, uye mushure mekushandisa chimbuzi. Shandisa mushonga wekuchenesa maoko une doro kana mvura isipo.
- Chengeta maronda akavharwa: Gara uchichengeta mavanga kana mavanga ari pamuviri wako akachena uye vhara nebhandeji rakachena. Gara uchigeza maoko ako mushure mekubata ronda.
- Usagovane zvinhu zvako: Usagovane zvinhu zvakaita sematauro, mareza, mbatya, nesipo nevamwe. Chenjerera izvi zvikuru pajimu nemudzimba dzekurara.
- Nzvimbo dzakachena: Chenesa nzvimbo dzinobatwa nguva nenguva, dzakadai semagumbeze emusuwo, maswichi emwenje, nharembozha, nemidziyo yemitambo, uchishandisa mushonga wekuuraya utachiona.
- Kugeza mushure mekurovedza muviri: Shaya nekukurumidza mushure mekurovedza muviri kugym kana kutamba mitambo.
Nguva yekuona chiremba? Nguva yekuenda kuETU?
Haasi maronda ese eganda ari MRSA, asi pane zvimwe zviratidzo zvatinofanira kunyanya kunetseka nazvo.
Kana uine ronda kana bota risingapore, kunyanya kana uine chirwere chinoderedza masoja emuviri wako, sechirwere cheshuga, usazviregeredza. Iva nechokwadi chekuona chiremba wako.
Enda kuDhipatimendi reEmergency (ETU) nekukasika kana uine zviratidzo zvinotevera:
- Fivha yakanyanya: Kana fivha yakakwira kupfuura 40°C (103°F).
- Ronda racho rakakomba: Kana ronda racho richikonzera kurwadziwa kwakanyanya, rine hwema hwakaipa, kana kuti richiburitsa mvura yegirini, yeyero, kana brown.
- Kutadza kufema zvakanaka uye kurwadziwa pachipfuva.
- Kudonha kamwe kamwe kweBP: Kana uchinzwa kupera simba, dzungu, kana kupera simba.
- Kuvhiringidzika: Kana uchinzwa dzungu.
Izvi zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zvekuti hutachiona hwapararira mumuviri wese uye huri kufambira mberi kusvika pakuva nenjodzi inonzi sepsis . Saka, hazvina kunaka kunonoka panguva yakaita seiyi.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- MRSA chirwere chakakomba chebhakitiriya chisingadi mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Zvisinei, chinogona kurapwa nekurapwa kwakakodzera .
- Nzira yakanakisisa yekuzvidzivirira kubva pane izvi ndeyekuchengetedza hutsanana . Ita tsika yekugeza maoko ako nesipo nguva dzose.
- Gara wakachengeta mavanga nemavanga ari mumuviri wako akachena uye akafukidzwa .
- Usagovane zvinhu zvako zvakaita sematauro nemareza nevamwe .
- Kana uine bundu dzvuku, rinorwadza, risingapore kana kuzvimba paganda rako, usazviregeredza wobva waona chiremba nekukasika .
- Pedzisa mushonga wese wemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya wawakanyorerwa nachiremba wako. Usamira pakati.
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