Pane mumwe munhu mumba mako anosvuta fodya here? Kana kuti unoshandisa maE-cigarettes matsva (vapes)? Pamwe wakaona mabhodhoro madiki emvura anouya nekuravira kwakasiyana. Sezvo zvinhu izvi zvakajairika mazuva ano, ndakafunga kuti nditaure nezvechimwe chezvinhu zvine njodzi kwazvo. Ndiyo nicotine chepfu. Izvi zvakakomba kupfuura zvaungafunga, kunyanya kana uine vana vadiki kumba.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi nicotine chepfu?
Kubatwa neNicotine chepfu chirwere chine chepfu chinoitika kana miviri yedu ikatora nicotine yakawandisa panguva imwe chete. Kare, nyaya dzakadai dzaisawanzotaurwa. Mumazuva iwayo, zvikonzero zvikuru zvehupfu hwenicotine kwaive nicotine yaishandiswa semushonga wekufadza muviri, kana mumwe munhu akadya fodya netsaona.
Asi ikozvino mamiriro acho akasiyana zvachose. Njodzi iyi yakawedzera zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvinhu zvitsva zvenicotine zvakatanga kutengeswa, kunyanya fodya dzemagetsi (e-cigarettes) uye nicotine yemvura inoshandiswa kwavari . Kuwanda kwenicotine municotine yemvura iyi kwakanyanya kupfuura kuri mufodya yenguva dzose. Ndosaka ine njodzi.
Ndezvipi zvinhu zvine nicotine?
Nicotine ikemikari ine chepfu inowanikwa muchisikigo chefodya. Ndiyo chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti tipindwe nefodya. Idzi ndidzo nzvimbo dzatinowanzoiwana:
- Fodya
- Mafodya
- Fodya dzemagetsi (E-cigarettes / vapes)
- Kutsenga fodya - kufanana nefodya inodyiwa nemashizha ebhetel
- Kunhuwa
- Fodya yepombi
- Kutsiva nikotini kunokubatsira kurega kusvuta - zvakaita senicotine gum, mapetch, uye ma lozenges.
Ndiani ari panjodzi huru?
Kuchetura muNicotine kunogona kuitika kune chero munhu wezera ripi zvaro, asi vana vadiki ndivo vari panjodzi huru nekuda kwehuremu hwavo hushoma uye saizi yavo diki.
Funga nezvazvo seizvi. Chii chingaitika kana ukapa piritsi rakagadzirirwa munhu mukuru kumwana mudiki? Zvakafanana. Kunyangwe dose ye nicotine inogona kutsungirira muviri wemunhu mukuru inogona kuuraya muviri wemwana mudiki. Saka kana uine vana vadiki kumba, unofanira kufunga kaviri nezveizvi.
Nicotine inopinda sei mumuviri?
Nikotini inogona kupinda mumiviri yedu nenzira nhatu huru.
- Kunyudzwa nepaganda: Kana nicotine yemvura ikapinda paganda kana kuti ikasangana neganda, inogona kupinda mumuviri nekukurumidza kuburikidza neganda.
- Kufema: Kufema utsi hwefodya kana e-cigarette kunotora nicotine zvakananga mumapapu.
- Kumedzwa kana nemuromo: Fodya inopinzwa mumuviri kuburikidza nemukati memuromo kana uchitsenga fodya, uye kuburikidza neura kana chimwe chinhu chakaita se e-cigarette chikamedzwa netsaona.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve chepfu yenicotine? Ungazviziva sei?
Zviratidzo zve chepfu yenicotine zvinogona kuitika muzvikamu zviviri: danho rekutanga nedanho rekupedzisira. Zvakakosha kuziva zviratidzo izvi, sezvo zvichigona kukubatsira kuti utore matanho nekukurumidza.
| Kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa | Zviratidzo zvinoratidza |
|---|---|
| Danho rekutanga (mukati memaminitsi gumi nemashanu - awa imwe) |
|
| Gare gare (mukati memaminitsi makumi matatu - maawa mana) |
Zviratidzo zvepakutanga zvinowanzoonekwa pakati pemaminitsi gumi nemashanu neawa imwe chete. Zviratidzo zvakakomba zvepadanho rekupedzisira zvinogona kuitika pakati pemaminitsi makumi matatu nemaawa mana.
Kazhinji, kana paine chepfu isina kunyanya kuipa, zviratidzo zvinogona kugara kweawa imwe kana maviri zvodzikira. Zvisinei,Kana paine chepfu yakanyanya, zviratidzo zvinogona kugara kwemaawa 18-24. Muzviitiko zvakanyanya, rufu runogona kuitika mukati meawa imwe chete.
Ndeipi njodzi chaiyo yefodya dzemagetsi?
Cigarettes dzemagetsi zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvakagadzirwa kuti zviite sefodya dzenguva dzose. Zvine bhatiri, hita, uye kamuri rine nicotine yemvura. Kana yapiswa, nicotine iyi inoshanduka kuita utsi hunofemwa nemushandisi.
Chinhu chine njodzi zvikuru pamusoro pezvigadzirwa izvi i nicotine yemvura. Sezvo zvichiuya mumabhodhoro madiki uye zvichiuya nekunhuhwirira kwakasiyana-siyana uye manakiro akadai sestrawberry, chokoreti, uye mint, vana vadiki vanowanzo kwezva nazvo.
Sekureva kweAmerican Academy of Pediatrics, chipunu chimwe chete chenicotine yemvura yakakwana kuuraya mwana anorema 12 kg. Kunyangwe mvura yacho ikasvika paganda, inogona kuva chepfu mukati memaminitsi mashoma. Saka kana iwe kana mumwe munhu mumba mako muchishandisa zvigadzirwa izvi, ndapota zvichengetedzei zvakavharirwa uye kure nevana nezvipfuyo.
Chii chaunofanira kuita nekukasika kana mumwe munhu akabatwa nechepfu?
Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru. Kana mwana wako akanwa, akamedza, kana kuisa nicotine yemvura paganda rake netsaona, usavhunduka wotevedzera matanho aya.
1. Dzikama: Kana uchitya, hauzokwanisi kuita sarudzo dzakakodzera .
2. Chenesa muromo: Bvisa zvinhu zvasara mumuromo memwana. Kana ganda rikasangana, sukurudza nzvimbo yacho zvakanaka nemvura inoyerera.
3. Usaita kuti munhu arutse: Usamanikidza munwe wako kuti urutse chero chikonzero chipi zvacho. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti mamiriro acho ezvinhu awedzere kuipa.
4. Enda kuchipatara nekukasika: Enda nemunhu wacho kuchipatara chiri pedyo neEmergency Department (ETU) nekukurumidza sezvinobvira.
5. Fonera Poison Center: Paunenge uri parwendo kana kushanyira chipatara, unogona kufonera National Poison Information Center kuColombo National Hospital kuti uwane mazano. Izvi zvichabatsirawo vanachiremba zvikuru.
6. Tora mushonga uyu: Kana zvichibvira, tora bhodhoro renicotine rakamedzwa kana kubatwa nemwana wako uende naro kuchipatara. Ruzivo rwuripo ruchabatsira zvikuru chiremba pakurapa mwana.
Ndeipi nzira yekurapa iyi inowanikwa muchipatara?
Muchipatara, vanachiremba vanoongorora mamiriro emurwere votanga kurapwa kunodiwa. Aya ndiwo mamwe emishonga inowanzo piwa.
- Activated Charcoal: Chinwiwa chakakosha chinoderedza kunyudzwa kwechepfu dzakapinda mudumbu.
- Kudzora pfari: Kana pfari dzikaitika, mishonga yakaita se "Benzodiazepines" inopihwa kudzora pfari idzi.
- Mvura inopinzwa mutsinga (IV Fluids): Kana BP yaderera, zvinhu zvakaita sesaline zvinopihwa.
- Pakurova kwemoyo: Kana kurova kwemoyo kukadzikira zvakanyanya, mishonga yakaita se`(Atropine)` inopihwa kuti idzorere pakare.
- Kana paine matambudziko ekufema: Kana kufema kukamira, uchabatanidzwa nemuchina we "Ventilator" kuti upe mweya wekufema wekugadzira.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti unokurumidza sei kusvika kuchipatara. Kana ukakwanisa kuponesa hupenyu mukati memaawa mana ekutanga mushure mekuchetura, une mukana wekuti upore zvakakwana.
Njodzi iyi ingadziviswa sei?
Kudzivirira ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuita. Nekutevera matanho aya ari nyore, unogona kuzvidzivirira iwe nemhuri yako.
- Chengeta kure nevana: Chengeta zvigadzirwa zvese zvefodya, kunyanya mabhodhoro enicotine emvura, kure nevana. Kabati rakakiyiwa zvakanaka ndiro rakanakisisa.
- Chengeta mupakeji yekutanga: Gara uchichengeta izvi mubhodhoro rekutanga rawakatenga. Usazviendesa kune mamwe mabhodhoro.
- Rasa zvakachengeteka: Kana uchiisa mabhodhoro akamboshandiswa, makatriji, nezvimwewo mumarara, zvivhare zvakanaka wozviputira mubhegi kuitira kuti vana vasazozviwana zvakare.
- Mhinduro Yakanakisisa: Siya: Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira njodzi iyi zvachose ndeyekurega kushandisa zvinhu zvine nicotine zvachose. Kana uchida rubatsiro nazvo, taura nachiremba wemhuri yako. Iye anogona kukubatsira.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kuchetura muNicotine, kunyanya kubva municotine yemvura inoshandiswa mufodya dzemagetsi, kwava njodzi yakajairika uye yakakomba.
- Izvi zvine njodzi zvikuru kuvana vadiki, sezvo kunyangwe nicotine shoma inogona kuuraya miviri yavo midiki.
- Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvakaita sekurutsa, kudikitira zvakanyanya, dzungu, kana kuoma kufema, zvinogona kunge zviri chepfu yenicotine.
- Kana zvakadaro, musavhunduka, uye kurumidzai kuenda nemurwere kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara chiri pedyo.
- Kana ukashandisa zvigadzirwa zvakadaro, gara uchizvichengeta panzvimbo yakachengeteka kure nevana. Kusangwarira kwako kunogona kuisa hupenyu hwemwana panjodzi.
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