Mwana wenyu mudiki ane dambudziko iri remwoyo here? (Patent Ductus Arteriosus - PDA) Ngatidzidzei nezvazvo!

Wakambonzwa sekuti mwana wako ari kunetseka kufema mushure mekuzvarwa here? Kana kuti wakaona here kuti ari kudikitira uye ari kufemera paanenge achiyamwisa? Dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa nedambudziko diki riri mumoyo mevana vadiki. Chimwe chezvirwere zvatichataura nezvazvo nhasi chinonzi `Patent Ductus Arteriosus` kana `(PDA)`. Usazvidya moyo, ngatitaurei nezvazvo zviri nyore.

Chii chinonzi `Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)`?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, `PDA` chirwere chemwoyo chinogona kuitika muvana vacheche vachangoberekwa. Izvi zvinoitika kana tsinga yeropa inonzi `ductus arteriosus`, iyo inofanirwa kuvharika mwana aberekwa, isingavharike zvakanaka. Funga nezvazvo seburi diki rakasiyiwa mupombi yemvura.

Chii chinoitika ne "Ductus Arteriosus"?

Kuti tinzwisise izvi, tinofanira kudzokera shure zvishoma panguva iyo mwana ari mudumbu raamai. Kana mwana ari mudumbu, mapapu ake haashande zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mwana anowana okisijeni yaanoda kubva kuna amai kuburikidza nerukuvhute. Saka, panguva iyi, ropa zhinji rinoda kubva pamoyo wemwana kuenda kumapapu rinodarika mapapu. Tsinga yeropa yakakosha inobatsira izvi inonzi `ductus arteriosus`. Izvi, kutaura chokwadi, zvakaita sebhiriji diki riri pakati petsinga huru yemoyo (`aorta`) netsinga huru inoenda kumapapu (`pulmonary artery`). Kana mwana azvarwa uye atanga kufema ega, iyi `ductus arteriosus` haichadiwi, saka inowanzovhara yega mukati memazuva mashoma.

Chii chinoitika kuvana vane `PDA`?

Zvino, zvinoitika mumwana ane `PDA` ndezvekuti `ductus arteriosus` haivharike zvachose, zvichisiya buri diki. Nekuda kweizvi, ropa rakawanda rinoyerera kubva mutsinga huru yemoyo (`aorta`) kuenda kutsinga dzinoenda kumapapu (`tsinga dzemapapu`). Zvichienderana nehukuru hweburi iri, moyo nemapapu emwana zvinofanirwa kushanda nesimba kupomba ropa. Kutaura chokwadi, zvinofanirwa kuita basa rakawanda.

Ndiani anonyanya kukanganiswa nemamiriro ezvinhu aya e "PDA"?

Dambudziko iri rekuti 'PDA' rinowanzoonekwa muvana vacheche vasati vasvika nguva, zvichireva avo vanozvarwa mwedzi mumwe chete usati wasvika. Zvakaonekwawo kuti rinowanzoonekwa muvasikana kupfuura vakomana.

`PDA` yakajairika zvakadii?

Kutaura zvazviri, PDA ndeimwe yezvirwere zvemwoyo zvinowanzoonekwa muvana vachangoberekwa. Inonyanya kuitika muvana vacheche vasati vasvika nguva yavo. Njodzi yacho inosiyana zvichienderana nevhiki inozvarwa mwana.

Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi:

• Vanenge 10% yevana vanozvarwa pakati pemavhiki makumi matatu nemanomwe.
• Vanenge 80% yevana vanozvarwa pakati pemavhiki makumi maviri nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri nemasere.
• Vanenge 90% yevana vanozvarwa vasati vasvika mavhiki makumi maviri nemana epamuviri vanogona kuva nechirwere ichi, chinozivikanwa se'PDA'.

Usavhunduke nenhamba idzi. Izvi zvinongoratidza njodzi yacho. Izvi hazvizove zvakakomba kune wese munhu.

PDA inokanganisa sei mwana wako?

Kana uine PDA iri pakati nepakati kana yakakura, mwana wako anogona kufema nekukurumidza uye zvakaoma kupfuura zvakajairwa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti muviri uri kuedza kubata neropa rinopfuura richienda kumapapu. Kana chirwere ichi chikasarapwa kwenguva yakareba, chinogona kukonzera kukwira kweropa mumapapu (Pulmonary Hypertension) uye kukuvara kwetsinga dzeropa. Ndosaka zvichikosha kuziva izvi.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zve `PDA`?

Vaongorori havasati vakwanisa kutaura kuti sei chirwere ichi chinonzi `PDA` chichiitika. Zvisinei, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanikwa.

• Kukanganiswa kwemajini: Zvimwe zvirwere zvemajini kana nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere chemwoyo zvinogonawo kukanganisa.
• Rubella panguva yekuzvitakura: Kana amai vakabatwa nerubella panguva yekuzvitakura, mwana anenge ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere chePDA.
• Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Dambudziko iri rekufema rinogona kuitika kuvana vacheche vasingawani mushonga we surfactant wakakwana vasati vaberekwa. Vana vakadaro vane mukana mukuru wekuva nePDA.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvePDA?

Zviratidzo zvePDA zvinosiyana zvichienderana nehukuru hwePDA. PDA diki ingasakonzera zviratidzo, kunze kwekunge paine kurira kwemoyo, uko chiremba anogona kunzwa ne stethoscope.

Zvisinei, PDA yakakura zvishoma inogona kuratidza zviratidzo zvakaita se:

• Kufema nekukurumidza.
• Kutadza kufema zvakanaka (dyspnea).
• Kudikitira panguva yekuyamwisa kana kudyisa mwana.
• Kukurumidza kuneta, kuneta.
• Matambudziko ekudya nekunwa, kudzikira kwemukaka.
• Kusawedzera uremu kana kukura.
• Kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza kana kurova kwemoyo.

Kana mwana wako aine zviratidzo izvi, zvakanaka kuti uone chiremba wevana nekukurumidza.

Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei PDA?

Kana uchienda nemwana wako kunoongororwa nguva dzose kana kuti paunomuendesa kuchipatara, chiremba anogona kunzwa kurira kwemoyo kwataurwa pamusoro apa (`PDA heart murmur`) pavanenge vachiongorora mwana wako. Kana chiremba akafungidzira izvi, achakutumira kuna chiremba wemwoyo wevana.

Ndedzipi bvunzo dzinoitwa kuti paonekwe `PDA`?

Chiremba wemwoyo wevana anogona kuita bvunzo dzinoverengeka kuti asimbise kuongororwa kwePDA:

• X-ray yechipfuva.
• Kuongororwa kwemoyo ne ultrasound (echocardiogram). Izvi zvinogona kuongorora zvinhu zvakaita sekushanda kwemoyo nehukuru hwe ductus arteriosus.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG). Izvi zvinoedza mashandiro emagetsi emwoyo.

Vakuru vanogona kuva nePDA here?

Ehe, dzimwe nguva PDA inowanikwawo muvanhu vakuru. Kana PDA diki ikasiyiwa isina kurapwa muhudiki, inogona kusaonekwa kusvika yakura. Zviratidzo muvanhu vakuru zvinosanganisira:

• Kugunun'una kwemoyo.
• Kurova kwemoyo.
• Kukwira kweropa mumapapu.

Zvinhu zvakadaro zvinogona kuitika.

PDA inorapwa sei?

Chiremba achasarudza hurongwa hwekurapa zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita sezera remwana wako, huremu hwake, uye hutano hwake.

• Kumirira nekungwarira: Dzimwe nguva chiremba anogona kutarisa mwana zvakanyanya, achitarisa uye achiongorora kuti aone kana PDA ichavhara yega. PDA diki ingasada kurapwa zvachose.
• Kurapa nemishonga: Mishonga isingashandisi masteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) inogona kupihwa kubatsira kuvhara PDA, kunyanya kune vacheche vanozvarwa nguva isati yakwana. Iyi inobatsira kuti duct ivhare uye ivhare. Zvisinei, mishonga iyi haiwanzopihwa kuvana vakuru kana vakuru.
• Mamwe marapirwo:
• Kuisa Catheter muMwoyo: Izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa chubhu yakatetepa, inochinjika (catheter) nepaburi uye kuipinza nepatsinga yeropa kuenda kumoyo. Zvadaro, mudziyo mudiki (plug kana coil) unopfuudzwa nepachubhu kuenda kuPDA wovharwa. Izvi zvinomisa kuyerera kweropa rakawanda. Maitiro aya haawanzoitwa kuvana vacheche vasati vasvika nguva, asi anogona kuitwa kuvana vakura nevana.
• Kuvhiyiwa kwePDA (Patent Ductus Arteriosus surgery): Mukuita izvi, vanachiremba vanochekwa diki padivi pechipfuva vovhara PDA nemasutures kana chidimbu chidiki chesimbi.

Funga nezvemaitiro aya sekugadzirisa gomba riri mupombi yemvura. Unogona kuribatanidza nepuragi diki, kana kuti unocheka gomba racho wogadzira idzva.

Kutenderera kweropa kuchadzoka pakare riini mushure mekurapwa?

Mushure mekunge PDA yavharwa, kungave kuburikidza nekuisa catheter mumoyo kana kuvhiyiwa, kuyerera kweropa kunodzoka pakare pakarepo, chero bedzi pasina zvimwe zvikanganiso zvemoyo.

PDA inogona kukonzera mamwe matambudziko here?

Kana PDA yavharwa, ropa rinoyerera zvakanaka, saka matambudziko makuru anova mashoma. Zvisinei, vacheche vakavharwa nePDA yavo ne cardiac catheterization vanofanira kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kwemwedzi inenge mitanhatu kudzivirira hutachiona hwemwoyo (endocarditis). Chiremba wako achakutsanangurira izvi zvakadzama. Vakuru vanofanirawo kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nenzira imwecheteyo mushure mekunge PDA yavharwa uye vanoramba vachiongororwa nachiremba wemwoyo nguva nenguva.

Ndinogona here kudzivirira mwana wangu kuti asaite PDA?

Hapana chaunogona kuita kudzivirira kukura kwePDA. Kazhinji zvine chekuita nekukura kwemwana.

Pane here zvimwe zvirwere zvinowedzera njodzi yekuti mwana wangu aite PDA?

Ehe, sezvambotaurwa, kana ukabatwa neGerman measles (`Rubella`) panguva yekuzvitakura, mwana ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa ne'PDA'. Saka, kana uine pamuviri uye wakasangana nemumwe munhu ane German measles, zvakakosha kuudza chiremba nekukasika.

Chii chandinofanira kutarisira kana mwana wangu aine PDA?

Mashoko akanaka ndeekuti mushure mekurapwa, vacheche vazhinji vane PDA vanoenderera mberi nekurarama hupenyu hune hutano uye hune simba. Saka hapana chekunetseka nacho.

Ko PDA inogona kurapwa zvakakwana here?

Ehe. Kana PDA ikasavhara yoga, vanachiremba vanogona kuigadzirisa kana zvichidikanwa. Zvisinei, vacheche nevana vane PDA yepakati kana yakakura vari panjodzi yakakura yekuva nematambudziko emwoyo sevakuru kana vakasarapwa nekukurumidza. Saka, zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako nezvekuti mwana wako anoda here kurapwa nguva dzose.

Ndingatarisira sei mwana wangu ane PDA?

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kutevedzera mirairo yese yaunopihwa nachiremba wako. Endesa mwana wako kunoongororwa pamazuva akarongwa. Kana mwana wako akaonekwa nezviratidzo zvitsva, zvakaita sekunetseka kufema, kudzikira kwemukaka, kana kuita sekunge aneta kupfuura zvakajairika, zivisa chiremba wako nekukasika.

Ndinofanira kufonera chiremba rini?

Kana mwana wako aratidza zviratidzo zvitsva, fonera chiremba wako nekukasika. Kunyanya kana mwana wako achinetseka kufema, izvi zvinonetsa, saka muendese kuchipatara nekukasika.

Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Kunyange zvazvo `Patent Ductus Arteriosus` kana `(PDA)` iri chirwere chemwoyo chakaberekwa nacho, hapana chekunetseka nacho. Kune mishonga yakanaka yekurapa chirwere ichi.

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuongorora chirwere panguva yakakodzera uye kupa kurapwa kwakakodzera.

Taura nachiremba wako uye sarudza kuti ndeipi mishonga yakanakira mwana wako. Nekurapwa kwakakodzera, mwana wako anogona kurarama hupenyu hunofadza uye hune hutano sevamwe vana. Kutarisira kwaunoita mwana wako ndiko kusimba kwake kukuru!

` Patent Ductus Arteriosus, PDA, Chirwere chemwoyo chevacheche, Mwana Asati Asvika Nguva Yakwana, Kugunun'una kwemoyo, Kutambudzika kwekufema, Hutano hwevana