Kuchinja kuripo pakukura kwemwana wako here? Ngatitaurei nezve Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD)

Mwana wako mudiki ari kuzeza here kutamba nevamwe vana? Kana kuti wakambonzwa sekunge ari kunetseka kutaura manzwiro ake? Dzimwe nguva, saamai kana baba, paunoona zvinhu zvidiki zvakaita seizvi, zvakajairika kuti unzwe kutya uye kufungira. Ndizvo zvatichataura nezvazvo nhasi.

Chii chinonzi Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD)?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Pervasive Developmental Disorder , inowanzo pfupikiswa se "PDD", izwi raishandiswa kare kutsanangura kunonoka kwekukura kunokanganisa kugona kwemwana kushamwaridzana, kutaurirana, uye kutaurirana nevamwe.

Asi, zvakanaka kuziva. Vanachiremba vava kudana chirwere ichi kuti Autism Spectrum Disorder , kana kuti ASD muchidimbu. Zita racho rakachinjwa muna 2013. Sangano reAmerican Psychiatric Association (American Psychiatric Association) rakaunza zvirwere zvina zvakambosiyana pasi pechimwe chinyorwa mubhuku ravo rekuongorora chirwere, DSM-5. Zvirwere zvina ndeizvi:

• Chirwere cheAutistic
• Chirwere cheAsperger
• Dambudziko rekupararira kwevana
• Dambudziko rekukura rakapararira risina kutaurwa neimwe nzira (PDD-NOS)

Saka, unogona kuona kuti `(PDD)` yava chikamu chechikamu chakakura che`(ASD)`. Zvisinei, muchinyorwa chino chose, tichashandisa zvese `(PDD)` uye `(ASD)` kuti zvive nyore kwauri kunzwisisa.

Vana vane chirwere ichi vanogona kusangana nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso:

• Kunonoka kutanga kutaura, kana kuti kunetseka kutaura pfungwa.
• Kana paine shanduko diki mumaitiro avo ezuva nezuva, kungave kuri mumaitiro avo ezuva nezuva kana munzvimbo yavanogara, zvinogona kuvaomera kuti vajairane nazvo. Fungidzira, kana ukavaendesa kuchikoro nenzira yakasiyana neyavanowanzo famba nayo, vanogona kugumbuka.
• Kuoma kwekubatana nevamwe uye kunzwisisa manzwiro avo.

Chirwere ichi chePDD chakajairika zvakadii?

Kutaura zvazviri, PDD ndeimwe yezvirwere zvakajairika muchikamu cheASD. 47% chete yeavo vakaonekwa vaine ASD ndivo vanonzi vari muchikamu ichi.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvePDD?

Zviratidzo zvikuru zvevana vane PDD kushaya kutaurirana uye kushamwaridzana nevamwe . Vanogonawo kusangana nezvinotevera:

• Kuita chinhu chimwe chete kakawanda: Zvinhu zvakaita sekusimudza maoko ako, kuzunguza muviri wako, kana kutamba netoyi imwe chete nenzira imwe chete.
• Kuomerwa nekutaura pfungwa mumutauro:Vamwe vana vanonetseka nekunyora mazwi, vamwe vachitora nguva yakareba kuti vatange kutaura.
• Zvinogona kuoma kugadzirisa kuchinja kwemaitiro ezuva nezuva: Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, kunyangwe shanduko diki dzinogona kuvakanganisa zvikuru.
• Kudzivisa kutarisana mumaziso: Kutarisa kurutivi kana kusatarisana mumaziso paunenge uchitaura.
• Kuoma kwekutaura: Kunonoka kupindura kana mumwe munhu akabvunza mubvunzo, kana kunetseka kutanga kana kuenderera mberi nehurukuro.
• Kuomerwa nekudzora manzwiro emunhu: kukurumidza kutsamwa, kana kunzwa kusuruvara kana kunetseka.
• Kuchinja matauriro ezwi: Dzimwe nguva kutaura nenzwi rimwe chete ('izwi rakatsetseka'), kana kutaura nenzwi rakakwirira kwazvo.

Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti havasi vana vese vane PDD vakafanana. Vamwe vana vanogona kunge vaine zviratidzo zvisina kusimba, nepo vamwe vachinyanya kubatwa nazvo. Vanhu vazhinji vanowira pakati nepakati.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zvePDD?

Kutaura chokwadi, vaongorori havasati vawana chikonzero chimwe chete chePDD. Asi vanotenda kuti inokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvikuru ndeizvi:

• Majini: Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinotenda kuti majini ane basa guru mukukura kwePDD. Asi vachiri kuedza kuona kuti sei chaizvo. Vanhu vazhinji vane PDD vane shanduko dzakati mumajini avo, dzinonzi gene mutations . Kutaura zvazviri, masayendisiti akaona majini anopfuura zana pama chromosome akasiyana akabatana neASD neimwe nzira. Asi zvakaoma zvikuru. Havasi vese vane PDD vane shanduko dzakafanana mumajini avo ese. Uyewo, mamwe ekuchinja uku anogona kuwanikwa muvanhu vasina PDD. Vaongorori vazhinji ikozvino vanobvumirana kuti mamwe majini anogona kukonzera zviratidzo kana kudzora kuti zviratidzo izvozvo zvakakomba sei. Zvirinani, kuchinja uku kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yekubatwa nePDD.

• Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Duku: Ngatitii une fungidziro yemajini yekuti uwane PDD. Saka, kusangana nezvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa duku kunogona kuwedzera njodzi iyi. Semuenzaniso, kana uine shanduko yemajini, uine hutachiona, kana kuti uine chepfu, une mukana mukuru wekuwana PDD.

• Biology: Vaongorori vachiri kutsvaga zvinhu zvehupenyu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yekubatwa nePDD. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mamiriro ezvinhu anokanganisa mashandiro emuviri wako, masoja emuviri, kana zvimwe zvikamu zveuropi.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi yePDD?

Chinhu chinowedzera mukana wekuti munhu awane chirwere. Nyanzvi dzakaona zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzera chirwere ichi:

• Kuva nemukoma kana hanzvadzi ine PDD kana imwe mhando yeASD.
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvemajini, zvakaita sechirwere cheX chisina kusimba kana kuti Down syndrome .
• Zera revabereki panguva yekuzvarwa kwemwana rinodarika makore makumi matatu nemashanu (kunyanya zera raamai - `zera repamusoro raamai`).
• Kuzvarwa uine huremu hushoma kwazvo.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwePDD?

Kunyange zvazvo munhu wese ane PDD aine matambudziko ake akasiyana, kuoma kwezviratidzo kunogona kusiyana zvikuru. Vamwe vana vane PDD vanogona kutaurirana zvakanaka, vamwe vangasataura kana shoko. Chiremba wako anogona kukubatsira kuona kuti mwana wako anoda rubatsiro rwerudzii. Kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kunogona kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo zvemwana wako.

Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei chirwere chePDD?

Hapana bvunzo chaiyo yekurabhoritari kana bvunzo dzechiremba dzinogona kuona PDD. Asi vanachiremba vanoongorora maitiro emunhu uye vanotarisa nhoroondo yekukura kwake.

Sangano reAmerican Academy of Pediatrics rinokurudzira kuti vana vese vaongororwe ASD vari pakati pemwedzi 18 ne24 yekuberekwa. Vanachiremba vazhinji vanoita izvi panguva yekuongororwa kwavo kwekukura uye hutano. Munguva iyi, chiremba wako anotaura nekutamba nemwana wako. Vachakubvunzawo mibvunzo yekuti mwana wako anozvibata sei, anotaura sei, uye anofamba sei kumba.

Kunyange zvazvo kuongororwa uku kuchiwanzoitwa muhudiki, vanachiremba vanogona kuongorora PDD neASD muvana vakuru, vechidiki, nevakuru. Kana muchifunga kuti imi kana mwana wenyu mungave nePDD kana chimwe chirwere chakafanana nacho, taurai nachiremba wenyu. Iye anogona kukuyedzai kana kukutumirai kuna nyanzvi yeASD.

PDD inorapwa sei?

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa PDD. Nzira huru ndeidzi:

• Mishonga inotsigira
• Mishonga
• Mishonga yekuwedzera

Nzira dzekurapa dzinogona kusiyana kubva pamunhu nemunhu. Zvinoshanda kune mumwe munhu zvingasashanda kune mumwe. Zvinodiwa nemunhu wese zvakasiyana. Chiremba wako achagadzira hurongwa hwekurapa hwakagadzirirwa iwe kana mwana wako kuti uwane rubatsiro rwaanoda zvakanyanya.

Mishonga inotsigira

Kurapa kukuru kwePDD kunotsigira. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kurapa nekutaura: Kunobatsira kukudziridza kugona kutaurirana nekunzwisisa mazwi.
• Kurapa kwemabasa: Kunobatsira kusimbisa kubatana kwemuviri uye kudzidza mabasa ezuva nezuva, akadai sekugeza, kupfeka, uye kukwesha mazino.
• Kurapa muviri: Kunobatsira kukudziridza hunyanzvi hwekufamba kwemuviri, kudzidza maekisesaizi, uye kuwedzera simba.
• Kuongororwa kwemaitiro (ABA): Iyi inzira yekurapa maitiro inoedza kuwedzera maitiro akanaka uye kuderedza maitiro akaipa.

Mishonga

Hakuna mishonga inogona kurapa PDD zvakananga. Zvisinei, vanhu vazhinji vane PDD vanewo zvimwe zvirwere, zvakaita sekushaya pfungwa/kusashanda zvakanyanya (ADHD) , kuzvidya mwoyo , uye kuora mwoyo . Muzviitiko zvakadaro, mishonga inogona kubatsira kuvandudza hupenyu hwavo hwese.

Mishonga yekuwedzera

Mishonga yekuwedzera kushandiswa kwenzira dzisiri dzechivanhu pamwe chete nekurapa kwechivanhu. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira zvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita se:

• Kurapa neunyanzvi
• Kurapa nemimhanzi
• Kukwiza muviri
• Kuboorwa neAcupuncture
• Yoga
• Kufungisisa

Chiremba wako anogona kukubatsira kuwana mishonga yekuwedzera inogona kuvandudza hutano hwako hwese uye kugara zvakanaka.

PDD inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Kwete. Hapana chaunogona kuita kudzivirira PDD kana chero chimwe chirwere chinowira muchikamu cheASD. Kungoti iwe kana mwana wako vane izvi hazvirevi kuti wakaita chimwe chinhu chakaipa. Kune zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinoita kuti vanhu vabatwe nePDD, hapana chimwe chazvo chiri pasi pesimba rako. Zvakare, hapana humbowo hwesainzi hunoratidza kuti kubaiwa majekiseni evana kunokonzera PDD kana ASD.

Nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa chirwere chePDD ndeyekuongorora chirwere ichi nekukurumidza uye kutanga kurapwa nekukurumidza . Asi hazvisati zvanyanya kunonoka kutanga kurapwa, sezvo kurapwa kuchigona kubatsira chero pazera ripi zvaro.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba wangu rini?

Kana muchifunga kuti mwana wenyu ane PDD kana chimwe chirwere chakafanana, taurai nachiremba wenyu nezvekuongororwa kwekukura kwemwana wenyu. Iye achakuudzai kana kuongororwa kwemwana wenyu kuri kwakajairika uye kana muchida kuona nyanzvi kuti iongororwe zvakare.

Kana uri munhu mukuru uye uchifunga kuti ungave uine chirwere chinonzi PDD kana ASD, bvunza chiremba wemhuri yako kana chiremba wehutano hwepakutanga kuti akubatsire. Nekuwedzera kweruzivo rweASD, kune zviwanikwa zvakawanda nerutsigiro zviripo nhasi kupfuura zvaivepo makore mashoma apfuura. Hazvina kumbononoka kuwana rutsigiro rwaunoda.

Ingava iwe kana mwana wako, kuongororwa kuti une dambudziko rekukura kunogona kutyisa—sekupinda munyika itsva. Kana kuti zvinogona kuzorodza kuti pakupedzisira uwane mhinduro yemubvunzo wawanga uchinetseka nawo kwenguva yakareba. Zvisinei, chiremba wako aripo kuti akubatsire. Nyanzvi dzinoziva zvakawanda nezveASD nhasi kupfuura zvavaiita kunyange makore gumi kana maviri apfuura.

Muchidimbu, zvinhu zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Vanhu vane ASD vanoona nyika zvakasiyana zvishoma - asi izvozvo hazvina kuipa. Kugadzira chimiro, kana kurongeka, muhupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva inzira yakanaka yekuzviriritira. Inzira yakanakawo yekuratidza mwana wako kuti unomuda sezvaari chaizvo.

Usazvidya mwoyo. Hausi wega. Kana uchifungidzira kuti une PDD kana ASD, iva nechokwadi chekutsvaga mazano echiremba. Kubatsira nekukurumidza kunogona kubatsira zvikuru mukuvandudza ramangwana remwana wako. Yeuka, mwana wese anokosha, uye tinogona kubatsira mwana wese kusvika padanho rake rakazara.

Dambudziko reKukura Rakapararira, PDD, Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD, Kukura kweVana, Kukura kweUropi, Unyanzvi hweKugarisana, Matambudziko eKutaurirana, Kupesvedzera kwemajini, Kurapa kweMaitiro