Tinowanzo shamisika patinoona shanduko dzisingatarisirwi mumaitiro nematauriro evamwe vadikanwi vedu, handiti? Nhasi tichataura nezvechirwere chingave chiri kukonzera shanduko dzakadaro. Kunyangwe iyi iri nyaya yakaoma, ngatiedzei kuinzwisisa zviri nyore.

Chii chinonzi chirwere chaPick? Chakasiyana sei nechirwere chaNiemann-Pick?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chirwere chaPick chirwere chinokanganisa uropi, chichiuraya masero zvishoma nezvishoma. Imhando yechirwere chepfungwa chinonzi frontotemporal dementia (FTD) . Chinowanzoonekwa muvanhu vari pasi pemakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu. Kare, chirwere chepfungwa chepamberi chaizivikanwawo sechirwere chaPick. Asi ikozvino, vanachiremba vanoshandisa zita iri chete kana paine zvinodiwa zvakatarwa.

Zvino ungave uchifunga kuti, "Oh... chirwere chaPick chakafanana here nechirwere chaNiemann-Pick?" Kwete, zvirwere zviviri zvakasiyana zvachose. Kunyangwe chikamu chezita rekuti "Pick" chakafanana, zvirwere zviviri izvi hazvina hukama.

• Chirwere chaPick: Chinotumidzwa zita raArnold Pick, chiremba wepfungwa wekuCzech uyo akatanga kuziva chirwere ichi muna 1892. Imhando ye frontotemporal dementia (FTD), zvichireva kuti chinongokanganisa uropi hwako chete.
• Chirwere cheNiemann-Pick: Chinonzi zita revanachiremba vaviri vekuGermany, Albert Niemann naLudwig Pick, chirwere ichi chinoratidzwa nekuungana kwemalipid mumuviri uye kusagadzikana munzira yaanodzorwa nayo. Kana mafuta akaungana, anogona kukanganisa nhengo dzakawanda, kusanganisira uropi, chiropa, chirebvu, mumongo wemapfupa, nemapapu.

Unonzwisisa musiyano wacho here? Chimwe chinhu chinogumira kuuropi, uye chimwe chinhu chinokanganisa nhengo dzakasiyana dzemuviri.

Ndiani anowana chirwere ichi? Chinowanikwa kakawanda sei?

Chirwere chaPick chinowanzoonekwa mudiki pane zvimwe zvirwere zvakaita sedementia. Chinowanzoonekwa muvanhu vane makore ari pakati pe50 ne60. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva chinogona kuonekwa muvanhu vane makore ari pakati pe20 ne80.

Pane humbowo hunoratidza kuti chirwere ichi chinogona kuitika mumhuri. Vaongorori vakaona kuchinja kwemajini kutatu kwakabatana nacho. Zvisinei, kazhinji, chirwere ichi chinongoitika nguva nenguva. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mumwe munhu anogona kuchibata asina nhoroondo yemhuri.

Zvakaoma kutaura kuti chirwere ichi chakajairika zvakadii. Nyanzvi dzinofungidzira kuti pane vanhu vari pakati pe15 ne22 vanobatwa nacho pavanhu 100,000. Zvisinei, pane kusava nechokwadi nezvekururama kwenhamba idzi, nekuti chirwere ichi chakaoma zvikuru kuchiongorora muhupenyu, uye dzimwe nguva kunyangwe mushure mekufa, zvinonetsa kuchiongorora. Saka nhamba chaiyo yevarwere inogona kunge yakakwira.

Chirwere chePick chinokanganisa sei muviri?

Chirwere chaPick chirwere chinokonzeresa kupererwa kwesimba retsinga, rudzi rwechirwere chepfungwa chinonzi frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, masero etsinga (neurons) muuropi anomira kushanda zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvikamu zveuropi zvinokanganiswa zvinotanga kuderera (atrophy). Zvadaro, unorasikirwa nehunyanzvi hwaishandiswa kudzora zvikamu izvozvo. Kunyangwe zvichifanana nechirwere cheAlzheimer, chirwere chaPick chinowanzotanga uri mudiki, uye pane misiyano yakati wandei yakakosha.

Nekuti chirwere chaPick chinongokanganisa zvikamu zveuropi chete, zviratidzo zvikuru kuchinja kwemaitiro kana hunyanzvi hwemutauro . Kazhinji, vanhu vane chirwere chaPick havakwanise kuziva kuti vane dambudziko kana chirwere. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti uropi hwavo hahukwanisi kugadzirisa ruzivo nezvechirwere chavo. Izvi zvinonzi "kushaya njere."

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere chePick?

Chirwere chaPick chinoitika mumhando mbiri huru: chimwe chinonzi behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) , uye chimwe chinonzi primary progressive aphasia (PPA), iyo inokanganisa zvikamu zveuropi zvine chekuita nemutauro.

Kukanganisika kwepfungwa kwepamberi penguva yemberi (bvFTD)

Zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi chebvFTD zvinogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka makuru matanhatu:

• Kurasikirwa nekuzvidzora: "Kuzvidzora" chikamu cheuropi chinotiudza kuti "usaita izvi." Kana zvikamu izvi zvakuvadzwa, hatigoni kuzvidzivisa kutaura kana kuita zvinhu zvisina kukodzera.
• Kushaikwa kwe "sefa" yezviri kutaurwa: Kutaura zviri mupfungwa dzako, dzimwe nguva nenzira inorwadzisa vamwe, haina hunhu, kana kuti haina kukodzera. Semuenzaniso, kungoerekana watuka mumwe munhu pamusangano wemhuri.
• Kusaremekedza vamwe: Vangasaremekedza zvakavanzika zvevamwe, vangavabata vasingade, vangaedza kuita zvinhu zvisina kunaka pabonde, uye vangangoerekana vatsamwa kana kushatirwa.
• Zviito nemaitiro asina hanya: Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kushandisa mari zvisina hanya, uye pamwe kutoba muzvitoro.

• Kusava nehanya: Izvi zvingaita sekuora mwoyo, asi zvakasiyana zvishoma.
• Kurasikirwa nehanya nechimwe chinhu: Kurasikirwa nehanya nezvinhu zvawaimbofarira (zvinhu zvinokufadza, kupedza nguva neshamwari).
• Kurega kushamwaridzana nevamwe: Kudzivisa kuva neshamwari nemhuri.
• Kudzikira kwekuzvitarisira: Kurasikirwa nechido chekugeza, kuchinja mbatya, uye kugara wakarongeka.

• Kurasikirwa netsitsi:Izvi zvinonziwo "kupfupisa manzwiro." Zvinova zvakaoma kunzwisisa manzwiro evamwe. Havaratidze rutsigiro mukusuwa kana mufaro wevamwe sezvavaiita kare.

• Maitiro ekumanikidzwa: Vanhu vane chirwere ichi vanoratidza maitiro akasiyana zvakanyanya neavamwe.
• Kufamba-famba kunodzokororwa: Kufamba-famba kadiki kakawanda, sekuombera maoko, kutsika-tsika tsoka, uye kufamba-famba uchidzokera shure.
• Maitiro akaomarara kana etsika: kuona mafirimu akafanana kakawanda, kuverenga mabhuku akafanana, kuunganidza zvinhu zvakafanana. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuunganidza zvinhu.
• Kudzokorora: Kudzokorora manzwi akafanana, mazwi, uye mitsara kakawanda.

• Kuchinja kwekudya kana maitiro ekutaura zvakanangana nemuromo: Vanhu vane chirwere ichi vanogona kusangana nechirwere chinonzi "hyperorality," icho chiri kufarira zvinhu zvine chekuita nemuromo zvisingawanzoitiki.
• Kuchinja kwemaitiro ekudya: Vanhu vanowanzo nyanya kudya zvekudya zvavanofarira, kunyanya zvekudya zvinotapira, zvihwitsi, nedoro. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kufuta.
• Maitiro ekutaura nekumanikidzwa: Kusvuta fodya nekumanikidzwa, kudya zvakanyanya, nezvimwewo. Zvakare, kuongorora nemuromo. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvakajairika kuti vana vadiki vaite pavanenge vachiongorora nyika, hazviwanzoitiki kuti vakuru vazviite.
• Pica: Uku kudya zvinhu zvisingadyiwi, zvisingadyiwi (mari, tsvina, matombo).

• Kurasikirwa nebasa rekutungamira asi mamwe hunyanzvi huripo: "Basa rekutungamira" rinoreva kugona kuronga zuva, kugadzirisa matambudziko, uye kuita zvinhu. Kunyangwe hunyanzvi uhu huchikanganiswa nevanhu vane chirwere ichi, humwe hunyanzvi, hwakadai sekurangarira nekutarisa, hahunyanyi kukanganiswa pakutanga. Ichi chinhu chakakosha chinosiyanisa dementia yepamberi penguva kubva kuchirwere cheAlzheimer.

Purofesa Inobudirira Yekutanga (PPA)

PPA inogonawo kukonzerwa nechirwere chaPick. Izvi zvinokonzera kurasikirwa zvishoma nezvishoma kwehunyanzvi hwemutauro, sekugona kutaura nekunzwisisa zviri kutaurwa nevamwe. Kunyangwe paine mhando nhatu huru dzePPA, mhando mbiri huru dzinogona kusanganiswa nechirwere chaPick ndeidzi:

• Nonfluent variant PPA (nfvPPA): Murudzi urwu, zvakaoma kufananidza mazwi nekushandisa girama chaiyo. Kunyange zvazvo mazwi rimwe chete nemitsara iri nyore zvichigona kunzwisiswa, mitsara yakaoma inonetsa kunzwisisa.
• Shanduro yePPA (svPPA):Rudzi urwu runonetseka kusarudza izwi rakakodzera kana kunzwisisa zvinoreva mazwi. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinotaurwa zvingasanzwisisika, uye zvakaoma kunzwisisa zviri kutaurwa nevamwe. Panogona kunge paine matambudziko pakuverenga nekunyora, asi vanogona kudzokorora zvinotaurwa nevamwe nenzira imwecheteyo.

Fungidzira, baba vako vanongoerekana vasiyana nemunhu wavaimbova, vanotuka munhu wese, vanoshandisa mari zvisina hanya, kana kuimba rwiyo rumwe chete zuva rese. Kana, paunotaura navo, mashoko avo anovhiringika, uye vanonzwa sekuti havanzwisisi zvauri kutaura. Iyi mienzaniso yezvinhu zvatanga tichitaura nezvazvo.

Chii chinokonzera chirwere ichi? Chinotapukira here?

Chirwere chaPick rudzi rwe frontotemporal dementia (FTD) ine chikonzero chaicho. Uropi hwedu nemasero etsinga zvine puroteni yakakosha inonzi tau . Mapuroteni aya anofanira kuva nechimiro chaicho, zvikasadaro haazoshande zvakanaka.

Kana mapuroteni etau asingashande zvakanaka, anobatana, uye anoungana mukati memaneuron, masero iwayo anokuvara uye anoparadzwa. Maneuron akakuvara anonzi "Pick cells." Anozvimba uye anoumbwa sebharumu. Mapoka emapuroteni etau anobatana mukati mema cells anonzi "Pick bodies." Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa pasi pe microscope. Chinokosha ndechekuti aya maPick cells nePick bodies haaonekwe mune chimwe chirwere.

Chikonzero nei mapuroteni aya etau asingashande zvakanaka chichiri chakavanzika. Kunyangwe vaongorori vakabatanidza mamwe majini ekuchinja kwezvinhu nekuda kweizvi, kazhinji chirwere ichi hachigamuchirwi senhaka.

Chirwere ichi hachitapurirani. Hachitapurirani kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe. Kunyangwe paine mukana wekuti chingapfuudzwa nezvizvarwa, hazviitiki kazhinji.

Chirwere chaPick chinoonekwa sei? Ndedzipi bvunzo dzinoitwa?

Vanachiremba vanogona kuongorora frontotemporal dementia (FTD) kuburikidza nekuongororwa kwemuviri uye kwetsinga, bvunzo dzekuongorora uye dzekufungidzira, uye mhedzisiro yacho inogona kuona kana iri FTD yehunhu kana kuti rudzi rwePPA.

Zvisinei, nzira chete yekuziva zvechokwadi kana chirwere chefrontotemporal dementia (FTD) chemunhu chinokonzerwa nechirwere chaPick ndechekutsvaga Pick bodies nePick cells muuropi hwavo. Izvi zvinongoonekwa chete nekuongorora sampuro yeuropi pasi pemaikorosikopu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chirwere chaPick chinogona kuongororwa chete kana munhu afa, pakuongororwa kwechitunha.

Miedzo yakaita seiyi inogona kuitwa kuti uongorore FTD:

• Kuongororwa kweropa: Izvi zvinotsvaga zviratidzo zvemakemikari zvinonzi "biomarkers" zvinogona kubatsira kuongorora zvimwe zvirwere.
• Kuongororwa kwemvura yemusana:Izvi zvinoitwa nekutora mvura kubva kumusana (spinal tap / lumbar puncture).
• Kuongororwa kweCT (Computerized tomography - CT scan)
• EEG (Electroencephalogram)
• Kuongororwa kwemajini
• Kuongororwa kweMRI (Magnetic resonance imaging - MRI)
• Kuongororwa kwePET (Positron emission tomography - PET scan)

Pane mushonga wechirwere chePick here? Chinogona kurapwa here?

Zvinosuwisa kuti hapana mushonga, mushonga, kana dziviriro yechirwere chaPick. Vanachiremba vanogona kunyora mishonga inobatsira kudzora zviratidzo zvakaita sekuora mwoyo, kusava nehanya, uye hunhu hwehasha. Zvisinei, sezvo kurapwa uku kuchisiyana kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu, chiremba wako ndiye munhu akakodzera kutaura naye.

Njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere ichi inogona kuderedzwa here?

Chirwere chePick chinoitika nenzira dzisingatarisirwi uye dzisingazivikanwe. Saka, pari zvino hapana nzira yekudzivirira kana kuderedza njodzi yekuchibata.

Munhu ane chirwere ichi angatarisira remangwana rerudzii?

Mumhando dzese dzeFTD, kusanganisira Pick's Disease, uropi hunoderera zvishoma nezvishoma. Sezvahunoita, zvikamu zveuropi zvinokanganiswa zvinorasikirwa nekugona kwadzo kushanda. MuPick's Disease, izvi zvinowanzo kanganisa zvikamu zveuropi zvinodzora maitiro kana zvikamu zveuropi zvinobatanidza kutaura uye kugona kunzwisisa zviri kutaurwa nevamwe.

Unogonawo kurasikirwa neruzivo nezvechirwere chako. Kureva kuti, unogona kurasikirwa nekunzwisisa zviratidzo uye zviri kuitika kwauri nekuda kwechirwere ichi.

Vanhu vane frontotemporal dementia (FTD) vanorasikirwa zvishoma nezvishoma nekugona kwavo kurarama vega. Sezvo chirwere ichi chichienderera mberi, vangada kutarisirwa kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana kubva kune vadikanwi vavo kana nyanzvi dzakadzidziswa. Izvi zvingatoda kutarisirwa kwenguva refu.

Vanhu vane FTD vanogona kusangana nematambudziko ekumedza (dysphagia) , izvo zvinogona kuita kuti zviomere kudya, kunwa, uye kutaura. Izvi zvinowedzera njodzi yekubatwa nezvirwere zvakaita sepneumonia kana kutadza kufema.

Mhando dzese dzeFTD, kusanganisira chirwere chaPick, zvirwere zvinogara kwenguva refu. Chirwere ichi chakanyanya, chichiparadza zvikamu zvikuru zveuropi zvishoma nezvishoma. Matambudziko anogona kuva akakomba uye anotouraya. Nekuti tarisiro yekurarama inosiyana kubva kumunhu kusvika kumunhu, zvakaoma kutaura kuti chirwere ichi chichakubata sei uye kuti chichagara kwenguva yakareba sei. Chiremba wako (kana chiremba ari kurapa mudiwa wako) anogona kukuudza zvakawanda nezveizvi.

Ungashandisa sei chido chako kana usingakwanise kuzvisarudzira wega?

Kana ukaonekwa uine frontotemporal dementia (FTD) pakutanga kwayo, zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako, mhuri yako kana vadikanwi vako, nevaya vaunovimba navo vanogona kukuitira sarudzo dzakakosha nekukurumidza. Hurukuro iyi ingave yakaoma, asi kutaura nezvezvinhu izvi nekukurumidza pane kunonoka kuchabatsira vadikanwi vako kuziva zvaunoda kana usingakwanise kutaura nezvenyaya dzako kana kuita sarudzo.

Pamusoro pehurukuro iyoyo, zvakakoshawo kunyora zvido zvako nezvisarudzo zvako. Kana usingakwanise kuzvitarisira, kana kuti usingakwanise kuita sarudzo nezvekutarisira kwako kana kugara zvakanaka, funga nezvekugadzirira magwaro emutemo. Unogona kuwana rubatsiro kubva kugweta kuti ugadzirire magwaro aya, asi unogonawo kugadzirira mamwe acho iwe pachako (zvichienderana nemutemo uri munharaunda yako, angangoda mvumo yegweta kana mumwe mukuru wehurumende).

Unoita sei kana mumwe munhu ari pedyo newe akaratidza zviratidzo izvi?

Vanhu vane FTD vanowanzoshaya ruzivo nezvezviratidzo zvavo kana mamiriro avo ezvinhu. Nekuti havaoni kuti vane dambudziko, havafungi kuti vanoda rubatsiro rwechiremba. Kusanzwisisa uku kunogona kushungurudza uye kutyisa munhu ane zviratidzo uye avo vari pedyo navo.

Kana mumwe munhu ari pedyo newe achiratidza zviratidzo zveFTD kana chimwe chirwere chakafanana, unogona kuedza kubatsira nenzira idzi:

• Bvunza kuti ungabatsira sei: Kunyangwe vanhu vane FTD vachiratidza zviratidzo, vangasaziva kuti izvi zviratidzo zvedambudziko guru reuropi. Nekuvateerera, nekupa rutsigiro rwako, vanogona kunzwa vakabatana nevanhu vavanovimba navo, uye vanogona kutowana kurudziro yavanoda kuti vaone chiremba.
• Vakurudzire kutsvaga rubatsiro: Kunyange hazvo chirwere che frontotemporal dementia (FTD) chiri chirwere chisina mushonga kana kurapwa, kune nzira dzekurapa nekugadzirisa zvimwe zvezviratidzo. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira zvikuru pakuvandudza hupenyu hwemunhu ane chirwere ichi. Kuona chiremba kunogona kubatsira munhu ane FTD kuti aonekwe. Kutarisirwa kwakakosha kunogona kupa zororo kubva kune zvimwe zvezviratidzo zvisingafadzi zvevanhu vane chirwere ichi nemhuri dzavo.
• Gara wakadzikama uye usatore zvinhu semunhu: Vanhu vane FTD havawanzo dzora zvavanotaura kana kuita. Izvi zvingaita sekuti vari kuedza nemaune kutsamwisa, kunyadzisa, kana kukuvadza vamwe, asi idambudziko rehutano.
• Usatya kukumbira rubatsiro: Kuchengeta munhu ane FTD kunogona kuoma zvikuru, kunyanya sezvo mamiriro acho achiramba achiwedzera kuipa nekufamba kwenguva. Usatya kukumbira rubatsiro kana zvekushandisa. Masangano mazhinji ehurumende neepachivande anopa nzira dzekutsigira, dzakadai sekuchengeta vanhu vakuru masikati, kuchengetedza vanhu vanozorora, uye kuchengetedza vakwegura vane hunyanzvi mudzimba.
• Kuchengetwa kwenguva refu kungave sarudzo yakanakisa: Kune vazhinji, kutarisira mudiwa ane FTD kunogona kunzwa sebasa renguva yakazara. Haasi munhu wese anogona kupa nguva yakawanda kudaro kana simba pakutarisira mudiwa wake. Saka, zvakakosha kufunga kana mudiwa wako achida kutarisirwa munzvimbo yekuchengetedza kwenguva refu ine nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza vakwegura vane hunyanzvi. Kunyange zvazvo ichi chingave chisarudzo chakaoma kuita, kutarisirwa kwakadaro kungave ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuona kuti vakachengeteka, vakasununguka, uye vane vatarisiri vane hunyanzvi uye vakadzidziswa.

Pakupedzisira, meseji yekudzokera nayo kumba

Chirwere chaPick chirwere chinonzi frontotemporal dementia (FTD), inova mhando yedementia inokuvadza uropi zvishoma nezvishoma pazera diki pane zvimwe zvirwere zveuropi zvine chekuita nekukwegura. FTD inokanganisawo zvikamu zveuropi zvinobatsira munhu kunzwisisa kukodzera uye kusakodzera kwemaitiro ake. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kushushikana, kusanzwisisana, uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwemunhu wese anobatanidzwa. Kunyange zvazvo zvimwe zviratidzo zvichigona kurapwa, hapana mushonga unogona kugadzirisa chirwere chacho, uye vanhu vane chirwere ichi vanowanzoda kutarisirwa nguva dzose, kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana.

Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu ari pedyo newe ari kuona zviratidzo izvi, chinhu chakanakisa chekuita kutsvaga mazano echiremba. Yeuka kuti hausi wega, uye kune nzvimbo dzekuwana rubatsiro.

Chirwere chaPick , Frontotemporal Dementia, Dementia, Chirwere cheUropi, Kuora kweNeuro, Mapuroteni eTau, Kuchinja Kwemaitiro