Zvese nezveKuongororwa Kwemajini Pamberi Pekuzvarwa mumashoko akareruka

Uri amai vari kutarisira mwana here? Saka chishuwo chako chikuru ndechekubereka mwana ane hutano. Pamwe unotoziva nezvekuongororwa kweropa uye kuskena kunoitwa panguva yekuzvitakura kuti uve nechokwadi chehutano hwako nehwemwana wako. Asi wakambonzwa here nezvemhando yebvunzo inogona kuona pachine nguva kana mwana wako asati aberekwa aine chirwere chemajini kana kuti akaremara pakuzvarwa? Nhasi tiri kutaura nezvenyaya iyi inokosha iyo vanhu vazhinji vane mibvunzo nezvayo, iyo Prenatal Genetic Testing.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi genetic test iyi?

Kuti tinzwisise izvi, ngatitangei tatarisa kuti majini nemakromosomu chii. Funga nezvemuviri wedu sechivako chikuru. Majini ndiwo gwaro rakakwana, kana kuti seti yemirairo, yekuvaka chivako ichocho. Makromosomu akafanana nemabhuku makuru anochengeta majini aya muhurongwa. Kana mwana akura, hafu ye "mabhuku" aya inogara nhaka kubva kuna amai vake uye imwe hafu kubva kuna baba vake.

Saka, dzimwe nguva panogona kunge paine zvikanganiso, zvikanganiso, kana kusiyana kwemirairo iyi, kana mu "mabhuku" aya. Ndipo panogona kunge paine mwana ane chirwere chemajini kana chirema chekuzvarwa nacho. Saka, Prenatal Genetic Testing inzira yekuedza mwana asati aberekwa, panguva yekuzvitakura, kuti uone kana mwana aine dambudziko rakadaro.

Kune mhando mbiri huru dzebvunzo: ngatinzwisisei musiyano

Kuongororwa kwemajini uku kunogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri makuru. Zvakakosha zvikuru kunzwisisa musiyano chaiwo uripo pakati pezviviri izvi.

1. Kuongororwa: Iyi iongororo dzinoyera njodzi.

2. Kuongororwa kwechirwere: Izvi zvinosimbisa mamiriro echirwere.

Funga nezvazvo sekufanotaura mamiriro ekunze. Bvunzo yekuongorora inoti, "Pane mukana we70% wekuti mvura ichanaya nhasi." Inongoti pane mukana mukuru wekuti mvura ichanaya, kwete kuti ichanaya zvechokwadi. Bvunzo yekuongorora chirwere yakaita sekusimbisa nechivimbo kuti "mvura iri kunaya izvozvi."

Musiyano uyu unogona kunzwisiswa zvakajeka kubva patafura iri pazasi.

Ndedzipi bvunzo dzekuongorora dzinonyanya kushandiswa?

Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuongororwa kweropa. Chiremba wako achakurudzira dzakakunakira.

1. Kuongororwa kwemajini evabereki (Kuongororwa kwevatakuri)

Iyi bvunzo inokosha zvikuru. Izvi hazviitirwi mwana, asi amai nababa. Kune zvimwe zvirwere zvemajini, uye kunyangwe tine jini rinokonzera chirwere ichocho mumuviri wedu, hatiratidzi zviratidzo zvechirwere ichocho. Tinonzi 'mutakuri' . Fungidzira kuti uri mutakuri wechirwere chakati, uye murume wako ariwo mutakuri wechirwere chimwe chete, kunyangwe imi mose musina zviratidzo, pane njodzi ye25% yekuti mwana achazvarwa nechirwere ichocho. Thalassemia, chirwere chinowanzoonekwa muSri Lanka, muenzaniso wakanaka weizvi.

• Izvi zvinoitwa nekuongorora ropa kuri nyore.
• Kazhinji, amai ndivo vanotanga vaongororwa. Kana amai vakawanikwa vaine chirwere ichi, baba ndivo vanoongororwawo.
• Bvunzo iyi inofanira kuitwa kamwe chete muhupenyu .

2. Kuongororwa kwekutsvaga kusarongeka kwema chromosome emwana

Sero rega rega mumuviri wedu rine ma chromosomes makumi maviri nematatu, zvichiita kuti pave ne46. Dzimwe nguva, kana mwana abatwa nepamuviri, huwandu hwema chromosomes aya hunogona kuchinja. Semuenzaniso, kana paine matatu ema chromosome 21 panzvimbo pemaviri, zvinogona kukonzera Down syndrome.Kune bvunzo dzinoverengeka dzinoitwa kuti paonekwe njodzi yemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.

• Kuongorora DNA yemwana asati aberekwa (NIPT) pasina masero: Iri izwi rechiSinhala rinoreva 'Kuongororwa Kwemwana Asina Kupinda Muropa'. Iri itekinoroji yepamusoro-soro. Paunenge uine pamuviri, pane zvidimbu zveDNA zvemwana wako zvishoma zvinoyangarara muropa rako. Kuongororwa uku kunoshandisa sampuro yeropa yakatorwa kubva kwauri kuparadzanisa zvidimbu zveDNA yemwana wako uye kutarisa njodzi yekusarongeka kwema chromosome kwakajairika senge Down syndrome. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa mushure memavhiki gumi ekuzvitakura .
• Kuongorora ropa remwana: Iyi bvunzo inoitirwawo paropa raamai. Zvisinei, izvi hazvitarise DNA yemwana, asi pahuwandu hwemamwe mapuroteni ari muropa raamai. Zvichibva pahuwandu hwemapuroteni aya, njodzi yekuti mwana ave nechirwere chemajini inoverengwa. Quad Screen muenzaniso werudzi urwu rwebvunzo. Izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa pamavhiki chaiwo panguva yekuzvitakura.

3. Kuongororwa kwekutarisa kana paine zvisizvo mumuviri wemwana

Kazhinji izvi zvinoitwa ne ultrasound scan.

• Nuchal Translucency (NT) Scan: Iyi iongororo yakakosha inoitwa pakati pemavhiki gumi nerimwe kusvika gumi nemana ekuzvitakura. Inoyera ukobvu hwemvura iri pasi peganda riri kumashure kwemutsipa wemwana. Kana ukobvu uhwu hwakakwira kupfuura hwakajairika, hunogona kunge huri chiratidzo chekusarongeka kwema chromosome, senge Down syndrome, kana dambudziko remoyo wemwana.
• Kuongororwa kweAFP (Kuongororwa kweSerum yeMaternal): Uku kuongororwa kweropa kunoitwa pakati pemavhiki gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri nemaviri. Kana huwandu hweprotein inonzi AFP hwakakwira muropa raamai, zvinogona kuratidza dambudziko remusana wemwana (neural tube defects) kana dumbu.
• Kuongororwa kwemwana asati aberekwa (Anomaly Scan): Uku kuongororwa kunozivikanwa navanaamai vazhinji. Mukuongorora uku kukuru, kunoitwa pakati pemavhiki gumi nemasere kusvika makumi maviri , chiremba anoongorora nhengo dzese dzemwana, kubva kumusoro kusvika kutsoka, kusanganisira uropi, moyo, itsvo, musana, maoko, uye kumeso.

Miedzo yekuongorora chirwere ichi inosimbisa chirwere chacho

Kana mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kwechirwere ichi isina kujairika, kana kuti kana uine mukana mukuru wekuva nemwana ane chirwere chemajini (semuenzaniso, kuva nemakore anopfuura 35, nhoroondo yemhuri), chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuti uongorore chirwere chacho kuti usimbise chirwere chacho.

Miedzo iyi yakarurama zvikuru nekuti inotora sampuli yemasero emwana. Zvisinei, haisi nyore seyekuongorora. Inoonekwa seyedzo 'dzinopindira',Pane mukana mudiki kwazvo (0.1% - 0.5%) wekubuda pamuviri.

Kune mhando mbiri huru dzekuongorora chirwere:

1. Amniocentesis: Izvi zvinowanzoitwa pakati pemavhiki gumi nematanhatu kusvika makumi maviri epamuviri . Mubvunzo uyu, chiremba, achitungamirirwa neskena, anoisa tsono yakatetepa zvikuru nepadumbu rako muchibereko chako uye anobvisa huwandu hushoma hwemvura yeamniotic yakakomberedza mwana. Mvura iyi ine masero emwana.

2. Kuongororwa kweChorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Izvi zvinowanzoitwa nguva isati yasvika, pakati pemavhiki gumi nerimwe kusvika gumi nematatu ekuzvitakura . Pano, tsono inopinzwa nepadumbu kana muchibereko uye chidimbu chidiki chenyama chinotorwa kubva muplacenta. Masero ari muplacenta akafanana nemajini emasero emwana.

Nekutumira mienzaniso iyi kurabhoritari kuti iongororwe, zvinogona kuonekwa nechokwadi kana mwana wacho aine chero kusagadzikana kwema chromosome.

Zvinodiwa here kuti bvunzo idzi dziitwe? Ndiani anonyanya kukosha kwavari?

Kwete, hazvimanikidzwi kuita bvunzo idzi. Ichi chisarudzo chako pachako iwe nemhuri yako. Usati waita sarudzo iyoyo, unofanira kufunga nezvezvaunotenda, tsika dzako, uye zvirongwa zvako zveramangwana.

Vamwe vabereki vanoda kuziva nezvechirwere mwana wavo asati aberekwa. Nenzira iyi, vanowana nguva yekuronga pachine nguva, kudzidza nezvacho, uye kugadzirira mupfungwa dzavo rubatsiro rwakakosha uye kurapwa kwaachazoda mwana.

Uyewo, dzimwe nguva mhedzisiro yacho inogona kuodza mwoyo zvikuru, uye vamwe vabereki vanomanikidzwa kuita zvisarudzo zvakaoma, zvakaita sekuti vanofanira kuramba vaine pamuviri here kana kuti kwete.

Kazhinji, bvunzo idzi dzinonyanya kutariswa mumamiriro ezvinhu anotevera:

• Kana mhinduro yeongororo yakaitwa kare yaive 'nengozi huru'.
• Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako kana yemurume wako aine chirwere chemajini.
• Kana amai vapfuura makore makumi matatu nemashanu (nekuti njodzi yekubatwa nezvimwe zvirwere zvemajini inowedzera nekukura).
• Kana wakambobvisa pamuviri kare kana kuti wakambozvara mwana akafa.

Mibvunzo inokosha yekubvunza chiremba wako

Usati wasarudza nezvenyaya iyi, bvunza chiremba wako mibvunzo yese yauri kufunga nezvayo woitsanangura. Usaisa chero chinhu mupfungwa dzako.

• "Zvichienderana nezera rangu uye nhoroondo yehutano hwangu, ndedzipi bvunzo dzekuongorora dzakandinakira?"
• "Kana mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kwemuviri isina kunaka, toita sei zvinotevera?"
• "Ndedzipi njodzi dziripo kumwana kana kwandiri kana ndikaongororwa chirwere?"
• "Mukana wekuti pave nezviratidzo zvenhema muongororo idzi ndeupi?"
• "Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti uwane mhedzisiro?"
• "Kuongororwa kwakafanana neNIPT kunogonawo here kuona kuti mwana ndewemurume here kana kuti kwete?" (Hongu, bvunzo yeNIPT pamwe neAnomaly scan zvinogonawo kuona kuti mwana ndewemurume here.)