Mhando yekenza yemapapu yakakomba: Unoziva here nezvekenza yemapapu yemasero madiki?

Wakambonzwa nezve "Small Cell Lung Cancer" here? Izvi zvingava zvitsva kwauri. Imhando yegomarara isingawanzoitiki, inokura zvishoma nezvishoma inokura mumapapu. Inowanzobatanidzwa nekushandiswa kwefodya, kunyanya kuvanhu vanoputa fodya. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti inogona kukanganisa chero munhu. Kana ikabatwa nekukurumidza, vanachiremba vanogona kurapa vamwe vanhu uye kubatsira vamwe kurarama kwenguva yakareba. Nzira yakanakisa yekudzivisa ndeyekurega kuputa zvachose.

Chii chinonzi Kenza yeMapapu yeMasero Madiki?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki imhando yekenza yemapapu inokura nekukurumidza . Kunyangwe ichigona kuitika kune chero munhu, inonyanya kuitika kune vanhu vakamboshandisa fodya kwenguva yakareba, kunyanya kune vanhu vakamboputa fodya . Kana chirwere ichi chikaonekwa nekukurumidza, vanachiremba vanogona kurapa vamwe vanhu. Kune vamwe, chinogona kutobatsira kurarama nechirwere ichi kwenguva yakati rebei. Nzira chete yekuzvidzivirira kubva kukenza iyi ndeyekurega kuputa .

Dambudziko iri rakajairika zvakadii?

Pavanhu vose, vanhu vanosvika 57 pavanhu 100,000 muUnited States vanobatwa nekenza yemapapu. Pavanhu vakaonekwa kuti vane chirwere ichi , vanenge 15% ndivo vane kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki . Iyi yakaderera pane inonzi "kenza yemapapu isiri diki."

Kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki (SCLC) inokanganisa sei muviri wako?

Kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki inotanga kana masero ane hutano mumapapu ako achichinja, kana kuchinja, kuita masero ekenza. Masero aya anobva apatsanuka uye awanda zvisingadzoreki . Pakupedzisira, masero ekenza aya anoumba bundu mumapapu ako.

Masero egomarara anogona kubuda mumabundu aya ofamba mumuviri wako wese kuburikidza neropa rako kana lymph (mvura inoenda kuma lymph nodes ako).

Kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki inowanzopararira ku:

• Kuma lymph nodes.
• Kumapfupa.
• Kuuropi.
• Chiropa.
• Matumbu eAdrenal. Matumbu aya ari pedyo neitsvo dzako.

Kana masero apararira, anogona kugadzira bundu idzva mumasero ako emudumbu nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Kenza yemapapu diki inogonawo kukonzera mvura kuungana mumapapu ako kana munzvimbo dzakatenderedza mapapu ako. Izvi zvinogona kusunda mweya kubva mumapapu ako zvoita kuti mapapu ako asashande zvakanaka. Izvi zvinonzi pleural effusion .

Kune mhando mbiri dzekenza yemapapu yemasero madiki (SCLC):

• Kansa yemapapu yemasero madiki: Iyi ndiyo mhando yekenza yemapapu yemasero madiki yakajairika.
• Kansa yemasero madiki yakasanganiswa:Izvi zvinongoratidza 2% kusvika 5% yekenza dzese dzemasero madiki. Rudzi urwu rwekenza yemapapu musanganiswa wemhando dzekenza "dzisiri dzemasero madiki" uye "dzisiri dzemasero madiki".

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekenza yemapapu yemasero madiki (SCLC)?

Kenza yemapapu isina kupararira mumasero madiki isingawanzo ratidza zviratidzo . Kana zviratidzo zvikaitika, zvinogona kusanganisira:

• Kurwadziwa pachipfuva kana kusagadzikana.
• Kukosora kusingaperi kunoramba kuripo kana kuti kunova kwakanyanya.
• Kukosora ropa (Hemoptysis).
• Kutadza kufema zvakanaka.
• Kuzvimba kwechiso.
• Kuneta.
• Kushoshoma kwezwi.
• Chikafu hachina kunaka.
• Tsinga dzemutsipa dzakazvimba.
• Kudzikira kwehuremu pasina chikonzero.
• Kufemera.

Zviratidzo izvi zvinowanzofanana nezvimwe zvirwere zvisina kunyanya kuoma. Kuva nechimwe chezviratidzo izvi hazvirevi kuti une kenza yemapapu mumasero madiki. Zvisinei, kana uri munhu aimboputa fodya kana kuti aimboputa fodya, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika kana ukaona chimwe chezviratidzo izvi. Iye achakwanisa kuongorora mamiriro ako ezvinhu uye kukukurudzira matanho anotevera.

Ndezvipi zvinokonzera kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki (SCLC)?

Kunyangwe munhu wese achigona kubatwa nekenza yemapapu, vanhu vanoputa fodya, vakamboputa fodya kare, kana kuti vanosvuta fodya yevamwe vanhu vari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nekenza yemapapu yemasero madiki. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi zvinosanganisira:

• Kusangana nemwaranzi, kungave kubva pakurapwa kenza kana kuskena mifananidzo.
• Kusangana negasi reRadon. Radon igasi risina ruvara, rine mwaranzi rinogona kupinda mudzimba nedzimwe zvivakwa.
• Kusangana ne asbestos, arsenic, nickel, tar, kana makemikari ane chepfu kubasa.
• Mumwe munhu mumhuri ane kenza yemapapu.
• Kubatwa nehutachiona hweHIV (human immunodeficiency virus).

Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki (SCLC)?

Kana paine kenza yemapapu inofungidzirwa, chinhu chekutanga chekuita kutora X-ray yechipfuva . Kana ikaonekwa nzvimbo dzinofungidzirwa mumapapu, chiremba acharaira imwe kana kupfuura yebvunzo dzinotevera:

• Kuongororwa kwemifananidzo: Kuongororwa kweComputed Tomography (CT) uye kuongororwa kwePositron Emission Tomography (PET) kunogona kuona bundu remapapu. Kuongororwa kweCT ndiyo nzira huru yekuongorora kenza yemapapu. Kuongororwa uku kunogonawo kuongorora kupararira kwekenza.
• Kuongororwa kwemuviri: Sampuro yenyama inotorwa kubva mumapapu uchishandisa tsono. Vanachiremba vezvirwere vari murabhoritari vanoongorora sampuro iyi kuti vaone masero ekenza.
• Bronchoscopy: Kuvhiyiwa kwebronchi:Vachishandisa mudziyo unonzi bronchoscope, chiremba wako achatsvaga bundu riri munzira dzekufema dzemapapu ako. Panguva imwe chete, vanogonawo kutora sampuli dzenyama kuti vaongororwe.

Ndezvipi zvikamu zvekenza yemapapu yemasero madiki (SCLC)?

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa nzira ine zvikamu zviviri kuti vaone kuti kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki yapararira kusvika papi. Ruzivo urwu runobatsirawo pakuona kurapwa. Matanho maviri ekenza yemapapu yemasero madiki ndeaya:

• Danho diki: Izvi zvinoreva kuti kenza iri mune rimwe remapapu ako, uye inogona kunge yakapararira kunzvimbo iri pakati pemapapu ako kana kuma lymph nodes ari pamusoro pe collarbone yako. Munhu mumwe chete pavanhu vatatu vane kenza yemapapu diki ane chirwere ichi padanho diki iri pavanoonekwa.
• Danho guru: Padanho iri, kenza yapararira kune rimwe mapapu ako, kusvika kuma lymph nodes ari kunze kwemapapu, uye inogona kunge yapararirawo kumapfupa, uropi, nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.

Ndeipi mishonga yekurapa kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki (SCLC)?

Kurapwa kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira zera rako, hutano hwako, uye danho rekenza. Sarudzo dzekurapa dzinosanganisira:

• Kuvhiyiwa: Munhu mumwe chete pavanhu makumi maviri vane kenza yemapapu ine masero madiki ane kenza isina kupararira kupfuura mapapu. Kana zvakadaro, chiremba anogona kubvisa chikamu chemapapu ako kana mapapu ako ese. Vanhu vasingakwanise kuvhiyiwa vanogona kupiwa radiation therapy kana chemotherapy.
• Kurapa nemwaranzi: Izvi zvinoshandisa muchina kutungamira maX-ray ane simba zvakananga pabundu. Pamusoro pekuuraya masero ekenza, kurapwa uku kunogonawo kuderedza zviratidzo. Vanachiremba vanowanzo shandisa radiation therapy yekenza yemapapu ine masero madiki.
• Kurapa nemakemikari: Kana wakambovhiyiwa, chiremba wako anogona kusanganisa mishonga yechemotherapy nedzimwe nzira dzekurapa kuti uuraye masero ekenza asara. Kurapa nemakemikari kunowanzo pihwa vanhu vane kenza yakakura. Kunyange zvazvo chemotherapy isingakwanise kurapa kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki zvachose, inogona kuderedza kenza, kuderedza zviratidzo, uye kubatsira vanhu kurarama kwenguva refu.
• Kurapa nekudzivirira muviri: Kurapa uku kunosimudzira masoja emuviri wako kuti arwise nekuparadza masero ekenza. "Immune checkpoint inhibitors" rudzi rwekurapa nekudzivirira muviri kunoshandiswa kurapa kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki. Vanachiremba vanogona kupa kurapwa uku pamwe chete nechemotherapy kuderedza bundu nekuderedza zviratidzo.

Ko kana kuvhiyiwa kusingagoneki uye mamwe marapirwo asingabudirire?

Pane nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzingakurudzirwa nachiremba wako, uye iwe unogona zvakare kufunga nezvazvo:

• Kuchinja kubva pakuedza kurapa kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki kuenda kumishonga inoderedza zviratidzo . Semuenzaniso, kana nzira dzekufema dzakavharika, chiremba wako anogona kushandisa bronchoscope kuvhura.
• Funga nezvekutora chikamu mukuyedzwa kwekiriniki . Semuenzaniso, miedzo yekiriniki yazvino yakaratidza kuti kusanganisa chemotherapy ne immunotherapy kwakabatsira vanhu vane kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki kuti vararame kwenguva yakareba. Vanhu vanosvika 15% vakagamuchira mishonga yakabatana vachiri vapenyu makore matatu mushure mekupedza kurapwa.
• Kufunga nezvekuchengetedzwa kwevarwere vane kenza : Kutarisirwa uku kunotarisa pakubatsira kudzora zviratidzo, zvinosanganisira kurwadziwa, uye migumisiro yekurapwa nekenza.

Chii chinonzi fungidziro yekenza yemapapu yemasero madiki (SCLC)?

Kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki chirwere chakakomba zvikuru . Kana pasina kurapwa, vanhu vazhinji vane kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki vanofa mukati memwedzi mishoma yekuonekwa kwavo. Kunyangwe vanachiremba vachigona kurapa kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki, chirwere ichi chinogona kudzoka zvakare. Ongororo yakaitwa muna 2020 yakaratidza kuti vanhu vanopfuura 50% vakarapwa kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki vakadzokazve nechirwere ichi. Sekureva kwedata ra2020, vanhu vanosvika 7% chete vane kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki vachiri vapenyu makore mashanu mushure mekuonekwa kwavo.

Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kufambira mberi kwekenza yemapapu mumasero madiki:

• Danho regomarara : Kana gomarara risina kupararira kupfuura parakatangira, vanachiremba vane mukana wakakura wekubudirira mukurapa gomarara iri.
• Nzira dzekurapa : Munhu mumwe chete pavanhu makumi maviri vane kenza yemapapu ine masero madiki anogona kuvhiyiwa kuti bundu ribviswe. Kune avo vasingakwanise kuvhiyiwa, vanogona kupiwa chemotherapy neradiation therapy.
• Kudzoka : Kana kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki ikadzoka, vanachiremba vane nzira shoma dzekurapa.

Hapana mubvunzo kuti fungidziro yekenza yemapapu emasero madiki haina kunaka zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti fungidziro yekenza ingangodaro, kwete chokwadi . Kana uine kenza yemapapu emasero madiki uye uchida kuziva fungidziro yako, bvunza chiremba wako kuti akutsanangurire zvaunogona kutarisira.

Chiyero chekupona ndechei?

Huwandu hwevanhu vanopona hunofungidzirwa zvichibva pane zvakaitika kumapoka akasiyana . Vanhu vanosvika 70% vane kenza yemapapu mumasero madiki vanoonekwa mushure mekunge kenza yapararira (kenza yemapapu mumasero madiki). Nzira dzekurapa vanhu ava dzakaganhurirwa. Zvichienderana nedata ra2020:

• Kazhinji, vanhu vanosvika 7% vane kenza yemapapu mumasero madiki vachiri vapenyu makore mashanu mushure mekuonekwa kuti vane chirwere ichi.
• Vanhu vanosvika 27% vane kenza yemapapu isina nhanho yakakura vachiri vapenyu makore mashanu mushure mekuonekwa kuti vane chirwere ichi. Munhu ane kenza yemapapu isina nhanho yakawanda ane kenza mumapapu rimwe chete uye muma lymph nodes ari pedyo.
• Vanhu vanosvika 16% vane kenza yakapararira munyama nenhengo dziri pedyo dziri kunze kwemapapu vachiri vapenyu makore mashanu mushure mekuonekwa vaine chirwere ichi.

Yeuka — sekufanotaura, mwero wekurarama ifungidziro yakavakirwa pazviitiko zvemapoka akasiyana . Zvakaitika kune vamwe zvingasashande pamamiriro ako ezvinhu.

Ungaderedza sei njodzi yekubatwa nechirwere ichi?

Kudzivisa fodya ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira kenza yemapapu diki . Kana uchiri kushandisa fodya, edza kurega nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Hazvina mhosva kuti une makore mangani kana kuti wasvuta kwenguva yakareba sei, mapapu ako achatanga kupora kana warega . Kupa mapapu ako mukana wekupora kunoderedza njodzi yako yekuva nekenza yemapapu diki. Kana ukashandisa fodya uye uchida kurega, taura nachiremba wako nezvekurapa nekurega kusvuta.

Zvakadini nekuongororwa kwegomarara remapapu?

Kusiyana nedzimwe mhando dzekenza yemapapu, hapana bvunzo chaiyo yekuongororwa kwekenza yemapapu yemasero madiki.

Chii chimwe chingaitwe kuderedza njodzi iyi?

Matanho aya anogonawo kubatsira:

• Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka hunokunakira.
• Idya chikafu chinovaka muviri.
• Rovedza muviri nguva dzose.
• Tarisa kana gasi re radon riri mumba mako. Kana zvichidikanwa, isa sisitimu yekubvisa radon mumba mako.
• Zvidzivirire kubva kumakemikari anokonzera kenza (Arsenic, Asbestos, Nickel) kubasa.

Kana ndine kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki (SCLC), ndinozvitarisira sei?

Kuvhiyiwa nedzimwe nzira dzekurapa kenza zvinogona kunetsa muviri. Unganzwa kuneta zvakanyanya mushure mekurapwa. Heano mamwe maitiro aunogona kuita kuti urambe wakasimba panguva yekurapwa:

• Idya chikafu chine hutano: Zviratidzo zvegomarara uye marapirwo egomarara zvinogona kukanganisa chishuwo chako chekudya. Kana uchinetseka nekudya, bvunza nezvekushanda nachiremba wezvekudya. Vanogona kukupa mazano ekukubatsira kuwana chikafu chaunoda.
• Ita maekisesaizi: Gomarara chirwere chinoshungurudza. Maekisesaizi akareruka anogona kubatsira kuderedza kushushikana.
• Tsvaga rutsigiro:Kenza yemapapu ine masero madiki chirwere chisingawanzoitiki uye chisingarapiki. Kuva pakati peboka diki revanhu vane chirwere kunogona kukusurukirwa. Taura nachiremba wako nezvemapoka ekutsigira anogona kukubatanidza nevanhu vanonzwisisa zvauri kusangana nazvo.
• Funga nezverutsigiro rwehutano hwepfungwa: Unganzwa sekuti unofanira kusataura nezvedambudziko rako regomarara, kuitira kuti usagumbura vadikanwi vako. Kana zvakadaro, funga nezvekushanda nachiremba wehutano hwepfungwa.

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba?

Kana uine kenza yemapapu mumasero madiki, ungafunga nezvekubvunza chiremba wako nezve:

• Sei ndakawana kenza yemapapu mumasero madiki?
• Kenza yemapapu iri padanho ripi?
• Izvi zvinorevei pakufanotaura kwangu nezveramangwana?
• Ndeipi nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa munhu ane chirwere changu?
• Ndezvipi njodzi nemigumisiro yekurapwa?
• Ndinofanira kutora chikamu mukuyedzwa kwekiriniki here?
• Ndedzipi nzira dzekutevera dzandinofanira kutarisirwa mushure mekurapwa?
• Ko kenza ichadzoka here?
• Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvekenza yemapapu inodzokororwa nemasero madiki?
• Ndingarega sei kusvuta?

Chii chinosiyanisa "Kenza yeMapapu Isina Masero Madiki" ne "Kenza yeMapapu Idiki"?

Kune misiyano yakati wandei:

• Kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki inowanzotanga mumhando imwe yesero munzvimbo imwe chete yemapapu ako. Kenza isiri diki inogona kutanga mumhando nhatu dzakasiyana dzemasero uye muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvemuviri wako. Semuenzaniso, mhando inonzi adenocarcinoma inokanganisa magland ari munhengo dzako dzemuviri. Mukenza yemapapu isiri diki, adenocarcinoma inotanga muzvikamu zvekunze zvemapapu.
• Kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki inopararira nekukurumidza kupfuura kenza yemapapu isiri diki.
• Kana akatariswa nemaikorosikopu, masero madiki ekenza yemapapu emasero madiki madiki pane masero e "kenza yemapapu isiri diki yemasero".

Pakupedzisira, shoko rinokosha

Nekuda kwekuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kutsva, vanhu vakawanda vane kenza yemapapu mumasero madiki vava kurarama kwenguva yakareba . Vanachiremba vane mishonga inogona kubatsira varwere kurarama kwenguva yakareba, kuva nehupenyu hwakanaka, uye mune dzimwe nguva, kutorapa chirwere ichi.

Kusvuta fodya ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekenza yemapapu mumasero madiki. Kana uchisvuta, edza kurega. Kunyangwe kana watova nekenza yemapapu, hazvisati zvanyanya kunonoka kurega kusvuta . Kumbira chiremba wako kuti akubatsire kuwana chirongwa chekurega kusvuta.

` Kenza yemapapu, kenza yemapapu yemasero madiki, kusvuta, zviratidzo zvekenza, kurapwa kwekenza, hutano hwemapapu, njodzi yekenza