Wakambonzwa here sekunge wakangoerekana warasikirwa nerumwe rutivi rwemuviri wako, kutaura kusina kunyatsojeka, kana kurasikirwa nekuona kwechinguva, asi zvese zvakadzoka pazvakajairika mukati memaminitsi mashoma? Kana ukasangana nechiitiko chakadai, vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti, "Ah... zvinofanira kunge zvaive kuneta." Asi ichi hachisi chinhu chaunofanira kutora sechisina basa. Ichi chinogona kuva chiratidzo chekunyevera, chiratidzo chine njodzi chestroke chakakomba chinogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwako. Nhasi, tichataura nezvechirwere ichi icho vanhu vazhinji vasingachifarire, asi chakakosha zvikuru. Ichocho TIA, kana kuti Transient Ischemic Attack.
Chii chaizvo chinonzi TIA?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, TIA (Transient Ischemic Attack) chirwere chenguva pfupi. Masero edu europi anoda okisijeni nezvinovaka muviri kuti ashande. Izvi zvinobva muropa. Kana tsinga yeropa inotakura ropa kuenda kuchikamu cheuropi ikavharika kwechinguva, chikamu ichocho hachigamuchire ropa. Tinodaidza izvi kuti `(Ischemia)`. Panguva ino, mabasa emuviri anodzorwa nechikamu ichocho cheuropi anomira kwechinguva. Zvisinei, muTIA, kuvharika kwetsinga iyi yeropa kunongoitika kwechinguva . Mukati memaminitsi mashoma kana maawa, kuvharika kunobviswa otomatiki, uye kuyerera kweropa kuenda kuuropi kunodzorerwa. Zviratidzo zvinoperawo.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti TIA yakafanana nesitiroko uye inoda kurapwa nekukurumidza. Nekuti kana zviratidzo zvatanga, hapana anogona kuziva kana iri TIA ichapora mumaminitsi mashoma, kana kuti sitiroko huru ichakanganisa hupenyu hwako. Saka usapedza miniti imwe chete.
Zita rekuti "Mini-Stroke" harisi iro here?
MaTIA anowanzonzi "mini-strokes," asi iro harisi zita rakarurama. "Mini" inoita kuti tifunge nezvechimwe chinhu chidiki uye chisina njodzi. Asi TIA inogona kukanganisa nzvimbo yakakura yeuropi. Zvakare, TIA inogona kutungamira kustroke huru mukati memaminitsi, maawa, kana mazuva.
Kune misiyano miviri mikuru pakati peTIA nestroke huru:
1. TIA inomira yoga. Asi sitiroko haimire uye inoda kurapwa.
2. Sezvo kukuvara kweuropi zvachose kuchiitika kana munhu arohwa nestroke, zvinogona kuonekwa zvakajeka paMRI scan. Zvisinei, sezvo kukuvara kweuropi zvachose kusingaitike muTIA, MRI scan mushure mekunge zviratidzo zvapera kazhinji hairatidzi musiyano.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveTIA?
Zviratidzo zveTIA zvakafanana zvikuru nezve sitiroko. Zviratidzo izvi zvinongoerekana zvaitika, pasina yambiro . Chimwe chezviratidzo izvi chinogona kuitika panguva imwe chete.
| Chiratidzo | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Kushaya simba/kuoma rutivi rumwe rwemuviri (Hemiplegia) | Kungoerekana wanzwa kusanzwa kana kurema kune rumwe rutivi rweruoko, gumbo, kana kumeso. Sekunge uchafenda. |
| Kuoma kutaura (Aphasia / Dysarthria) | Unovhiringidzika nemashoko, hauzive zvekutaura, kana kunzwa sekunge uri kundandama paunenge uchitaura. |
| Kudhonza divi rimwe rechiso | Pandinoedza kunyemwerera, rimwe divi remuromo wangu rinodonha pasi. Handikwanise kudzora tsandanyama dzechiso changu. |
| Matambudziko ekuona (Diplopia) | Unongoerekana warasikirwa nekuona muziso rimwe chete kana kuti ese ari maviri, kuona kwako kunenge kusina kujeka, kana kuti unoona zvinhu zviviri panguva imwe chete. |
| Kutadza kufamba zvakanaka uye kurasikirwa nepfungwa dzakadzikama (Ataxia) | Kamwe kamwe, ndinonzwa dzungu, handichakwanisi kufamba zvakanaka, uye ndichiita sendiri kuzununguka. |
| Kungoerekana wanzwa musoro wakanyanya | Musoro wakakomba kamwe kamwe, wausina kumbobvira wamboona muhupenyu hwako, pasina chikonzero chakajeka. |
| Kuvhiringidzika uye kuoma kunzwisisa | Zvinova zvakaoma kunzwisisa zviri kutaurwa nevamwe, uye unongoerekana wakanganwa zvinhu zvakaita sekuti uri kupi nenguva. |
Sei TIA iyi ichiitika?
TIA nestroke zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakafanana. Chikonzero chikuru kuvharika kwechinguva kwetsinga yeropa inoendesa ropa kuuropi. Pane nzira dzakawanda dzinogona kuitika izvi:
- Thrombosis: Kana cholesterol nezvimwe zvinhu zvikaungana mumadziro etsinga dzeropa muuropi (izvi zvinonzi atherosclerosis), mavhandi eropa anogona kuumbwa nekuvharira tsinga dzeropa.
- Chivharo cheropa chakaumbwa kune imwe nzvimbo chinofamba chichienda kuuropi (Thromboembolism): Fungidzira kuvharo kweropa kunoumbwa mutsinga huru yeropa iri mumoyo kana mumutsipa ("carotid artery``), kunotyoka, kufamba neropa, uye kunonamira mutsinga diki yeropa iri muuropi. Njodzi iyi yakanyanya kune vanhu vane chirwere chinonzi ``Atrial fibrillation``, chinova kurova kwemoyo kusina kurongeka.
- Kurohwa neLacunar: Dambudziko iri rinogonawo kukonzerwa nekuvharika kwetsinga dzeropa diki dziri mukati meuropi.
- TIA Isina Kutsanangurwa (Cryptogenic TIA): Dzimwe nguva, pasinei nekuongororwa kwakakura, hapana chikonzero chaicho chinogona kuwanikwa cheTIA.
Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa neTIA?
Vamwe vanhu vane mukana mukuru wekuva neTIA kupfuura vamwe. Izvi zvinonzi zvinhu zvine njodzi. Zvimwe zvacho tinogona kuzvidzora.
| Chinhu chine njodzi | Zvinokanganisa sei |
|---|---|
| Kukwira kweropa (BP) | Ichi ndicho chinhu chikuru uye chine njodzi huru. Kukwira kweropa kunokuvadza mitsipa yeropa uye kunowedzera njodzi yekuti ivharike. |
| Chirwere cheshuga (Rudzi rwechipiri rwechirwere cheshuga)` | Kana huwandu hweshuga muropa hukawedzera, mitsipa yeropa inokuvara, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekugwamba kweropa. |
| Kusvuta | Kusvuta kunokora ropa, kunokuvadza madziro etsinga dzeropa, uye kunowedzera BP. |
| Cholesterol yakakwira `(Hyperlipidemia)` | Cholesterol yakaipa (LDL) muropa inogona kuchengetwa pamadziro etsinga dzeropa, ichidzipwa zvishoma nezvishoma uye ichidzivhara. |
| Chirwere chemwoyo (kunyanya `Atrial fibrillation`) | Kurova kwemoyo zvisina kurongeka kunogona kukonzera kuti ropa riungane mukati memoyo uye riende kuuropi. |
| Kufuta (kuwedzera kwehuremu hwemuviri) | Kuwedzera huremu kwakabatana zvakananga neBP, chirwere cheshuga, uye cholesterol. |
| Kukwegura | Njodzi yacho inowedzera sezvo tsinga dzeropa dzichiramba dzichichinja-chinja nekukura. |
TIA ine njodzi yakadii?
Chikonzero chikuru chinoita kuti TIA ive emergency ndechekuti inotangira sitiroko huru. Kana TIA ikaitika, muviri wako unokutumira yambiro huru, ichiti, "Pane dambudziko nekuyerera kweropa kuenda kuuropi, ita chimwe chinhu nekukurumidza nezvazvo, kana kuti zvinogona kuva njodzi huru."
Yeukai kuti vanhu vanosvika 20% vane TIA vachabatwa nestroke huru mukati memazuva makumi mapfumbamwe anotevera. Hafu yavo vachabatwa nayo mukati memazuva maviri ekutanga! Izvi zvinoreva kuti maawa makumi mana nemasere anotevera eTIA akakosha zvikuru.
Chiremba anoongorora sei TIA?
Kana ukaenda kuchipatara uine zviratidzo zveTIA, vanachiremba vanotanga vaedza kuona kana iri TIA, sitiroko huru, kana chimwe chirwere. Vachashandisa bvunzo idzi:
1. Kukubvunza nezveruzivo: Kukubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako, kuti zvagara kwenguva yakareba sei zviripo, uye kuti ndedzipi dzimwe zvirwere zvaunazvo kuti uzive mamiriro ako ezvinhu.
2. Kuongororwa kwemuviri netsinga: Simba remuviri wako, kuenzana, kutaura, uye kuona zvinoedzwa kuti zvionekwe kuti ndechipi chikamu cheuropi chiri kukanganiswa.
3. Kuskena:
- Kuskena kweCT (Computed Tomography):Izvi zvinogona kutora mufananidzo wehuropi mumaminitsi mashoma. Zvinonyanya kuongorora kana paine kubuda ropa muuropi.
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Scan: Izvi zvinogona kupa mufananidzo wakajeka wenyama yeuropi. MRI scan yakakosha zvikuru kuti ionekwe zvakanaka pakati peTIA nestroke ine kukuvara kusingaperi.
Pamusoro peizvi, bvunzo dzemwoyo dzakadai se ``(ECG)``, ``(Echocardiogram)``, uye bvunzo dzeropa zvinogona kuitwawo kuti paonekwe chikonzero chacho.
MaTIA anorapwa sei?
Nekuti TIA ndeyenguva pfupi, hapana mushonga chaiwo wekuirapa panguva iyoyo. Zvisinei, chinangwa chikuru chekurapa ndechekudzivirira sitiroko huru mune ramangwana. Izvi zvinoreva kurapa dambudziko guru rakakonzera TIA.
Mishonga
- Mishonga Inorwisa Kubuda Kweropa: Mishonga yakaita seaspirin inopiwa kuderedza njodzi yekugwamba kweropa. Mimwe mishonga yakaita seclopidogrel inogonawo kupihwa.
- Mishonga yeBP: Kana BP yako yakakwira, uchapihwa mishonga yekuidzora.
- Mishonga inoderedza cholesterol (Statins): Mishonga yakaita seAtorvastatin kana Rosuvastatin inoderedza huwandu hwecholesterol yakaipa muropa.
- Mishonga Inorwisa Kubuda Kweropa: Kana uine chirwere chakadai seatrial fibrillation, unogona kupihwa mishonga yakasimba yakaita seWarfarin neApixaban kudzivirira kuumbwa kweropa.
Mamwe marapirwo
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kana tsinga huru yeropa iri mumutsipa ('carotid artery') yave diki kwazvo, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa kuidzorera pakare.
- Maitiro eEndovascular: Catheter diki inopfuudzwa nemutsinga yeropa uye kuvharika kwayo kunowedzerwa nekushandisa mudziyo wakaita sebharumu (angioplasty) kana kuti mudziyo wakaita sestent unoiswa kuti tsinga irambe yakavhurika.
- Kuvhiyiwa: Dzimwe nguva kuvhiyiwa kunonzi carotid endarterectomy kunoitwa kubvisa cholesterol yakachengetwa mutsinga yeropa uye kuchenesa tsinga.
Chii chaunofanira kuita kana uine TIA?
Chinhu chakakosha chaunofanira kuyeuka kubva munyaya ino ndechekuti: Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva akasangana nezviratidzo zvekufa mitezo zvataurwa pamusoro apa, usanonoka kweminiti imwe chete.
Usamirira kusvika wanzwa sekuti, "Oh... izvi zvichapora munguva pfupi." Kunyangwe zviratidzo zvikapera mumaminitsi mashoma, usazviregeredza. Fonera amburenzi nekukasika kana kuenda kuEmergency Department (ETU) yechipatara chiri pedyo.
Yeuka, nguva masero europi. Miniti yega yega inopfuura inogona kukonzera kukuvara kwakawanda.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- TIA chirwere chenguva pfupi chinouraya nhengo dzemuviri, asi chinhu chine njodzi zvikuru chinotangira sitiroko yakakomba.
- Zviratidzo zveTIA (kuoma kwemuviri, kuoma kutaura, kurereka kwechiso) zvakafanana chaizvo nezviya zvestroke. Musiyano chete ndewekuti zvinopera mukati memaminitsi mashoma kana maawa.
- Usambofa wakafuratira kunyangarika kwezviratidzo. Enda kuchipatara kuEmergency Department (ETU) nekukasika.
- Chinangwa chikuru chekurapa TIA ndechekudzivirira sitiroko huru mune ramangwana. Kuti uite izvi, tevera mirairo yachiremba wako nemishonga nemazvo.
- Kudzora BP yakakwira, chirwere cheshuga, uye cholesterol, kurega kusvuta, uye kurarama hupenyu hune hutano kunogona kuderedza njodzi yeTIA uye sitiroko.
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