Mazuva ano, tiri kunyanya kunetseka nezvezvinhu zvatinodya nekunwa uye nharaunda, handiti? Unofanira kunge wakafunga nezvekuti zvingave zvakanaka sei kukwanisa kurima miriwo mitsva isina chepfu nemichero kumba. Asi dambudziko rine vanhu vazhinji nderekuti, "Hatina nzvimbo." Saka kana uine dambudziko rakafanana, nhasi tichataura nezvenzira yakanaka yekurima miriwo gore rese, kunyangwe mumba, pasina ivhu, tichishandisa nzvimbo shoma.
Chii chinonzi hydroponics?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, hydroponics inzira yekurima zvirimwa pasina kushandisa ivhu, uchishandisa mvura ine zvinovaka muviri zvakanyungudutswa chete. Ehe, wanzwa izvozvo zvakanaka, hapana kana donhwe revhu rinodiwa.
Fungidzira, nenzira iyi, tinowedzera zvinovaka muviri zvinowanzobva muvhu kuti zvikure chirimwa zvakananga mumvura. Tinoti izvi zvinovaka muviri. Panzvimbo pechiedza chezuva, mababu akagadzirwa zvakananga, anonzi `(LED)` mwenje, anoshandiswa kupa chiedza chinodiwa kuzvirimwa. Nokudaro, kurima uku kunogona kuitwa mumba, pabharukoni, kana chero kupi zvako kune nzvimbo. Izvi zvinonziwo Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA)`.
Nzira iyi inowanzoshandiswa kurima miriwo, miriwo, lettuce, uye zvirimwa zvegreenhouse zvakaita semhiripiri, magaka, nematomatisi. Nzira iyi inochengetedza nzvimbo uye inoshandisa mvura shoma pane kurima kwakajairika.
Sisitimu iyi inoshanda sei?
Kune sainzi iri nyore iri shure kwehydroponics. Pane zvinhu zvakakosha zvakawanda zvinoita kuti hydroponics system ibudirire.
1. Mhinduro Yezvinovaka Muviri: Iyi ndiyo moyo weiyi sisitimu. Iyi imhinduro inogadzirwa nekusanganisa huwandu hwakasiyana hwezvinovaka muviri zvikuru zvakaita sephosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, uye magnesium, izvo zvakakosha pakukura kwezvirimwa, uye micronutrients dzakadai sesimbi ne zinc. Izvi zvinowedzerwa mutangi remvura uye zvinopa chikafu kuzvirimwa.
2. Okisijeni: Kufanana nesu, midzi yemiti inoda okisijeni kuti ikwanise kufema. Midzi inogona kuora kana yakanyudzwa mumvura. Kuti udzivise izvi, shandisa pombi diki yemhepo nedombo remhepo kuti upe okisijeni mutangi remvura. Zvakafanana nehurongwa hwemabubbles aungaona mutangi rehove.
3. Kudzora pH: Kuyera kweacidity/alkaline yemvura kunonzi kukosha kwe`(pH)`. Kuti zvirimwa zvitore zvinovaka muviri zvakanaka, kukosha uku kwe`(pH)` kunofanira kuchengetwa padanho rakanaka pakati pe5.8 ne6.2. Kune ma `(pH)` metres madiki ekutarisa izvi. Unogona kushandisa zvinhu zvakaita secitric acid kudzikisa kukosha kwe`(pH)`, uye zvinhu zvakaita sebaking soda kuti zviwedzere.
4. Mwenje:Kana uri kushandisa nzira iyi panze, unogona kushandisa chiedza chezuva. Zvisinei, kana uri kuishandisa mumba, zvechokwadi uchada mabharubhu e fluorescent kana LED kuti ape chiedza chinodiwa kuzvirimwa. Mwenje unodiwa unosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirimwa, saka unogona kusarudza mabarubhu akakodzera iwo.
Ndedzipi mhando huru dzema hydroponics systems?
Kune nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa hydroponics. Unogona kusarudza imwe yeidzi zvichienderana nerudzi nehukuru hwechirimwa chauri kurima. Tafura iri pazasi inoratidza dzimwe nzira dziri nyore dzakanyatsokodzera kurimwa kumba.
| Zita reSisitimu | Mashandiro Azvo |
|---|---|
| Kuyerera uye Kuyerera / Kukura kweMvura Yakadzika (DWC) | Iyi ndiyo nzira iri nyore uye inonyanya kufarirwa inoshandiswa mukurima. Midzi yemiti inonyudzwa mutangi rakazadzwa nemushonga unovaka muviri. Pombi yemhepo inoshandiswa kupa oxygen kumidzi. |
| Maitiro Emafirimu Ezvekudya Zvinovaka Muviri (NFT) | Pano, zvirimwa zvinoiswa mutireyi kana chubhu yakatetepa zvishoma. Mushonga unovaka muviri unogara uchiyerera mutireyi iyi sepurasitiki yakatetepa uchishandisa pombi. Midzi inogamuchira zvinovaka muviri neokisijeni yavanoda kuburikidza nayo. |
| Sisitimu yeWick | Iyi inzira iri nyore zvakare, yakakodzera kurimwa kumba. Midzi yemuti inobvumirwa kunwisa zvinovaka muviri kubva mutangi rine mushonga wekudya kuburikidza nechidzitiro chakaita sedonje (wick). Izvi hazvidi mota kana mapombi. |
Ndezvipi zvakanakira zve hydroponics?
Zvakanakira zvenzira iyi zvakawanda zvechokwadi.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, mukana mukuru ndewekuti unogona kushandisa mvura shoma kusvika ku90% pane kurima zvechinyakare uye wowana goho rakakura.
- Nzvimbo yasara:Kurima uku kunogona kuitwa pabharukoni refurati, pedyo nehwindo rekicheni, kana kunyange munzvimbo diki.
- Zvipembenene nezvirwere zvishoma: Sezvo pasina ivhu, kune zvirwere, makonye, nezvipembenene zvishoma zvinotakurwa nevhu. Nokudaro, hapana chikonzero chekushandisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene kana sora. Izvi zvinoreva kuti unowana chikafu chakachena, chisina chepfu.
- Goho repamusoro: Sezvo zvinovaka muviri, chiedza, uye okisijeni zvinodiwa nezvirimwa zvichidzorwa uye zvichipiwa padanho rakanaka, zvirimwa zvinokura nesimba uye nekukurumidza. Goho racho rakawandawo.
- Kurimwa kwegore rose: Sezvo ichirimwa mumba munzvimbo inodzorwa, mamiriro ekunze (mvura, zuva) haachikanganisi chero nzira. Unogona kurima chero chaunoda chero nguva yegore.
- Inochengetedza nharaunda: Iyi inzira isingakuvadzi nharaunda nekuti inoshandisa mvura shoma uye haishandisi mishonga yekurima.
Ungatanga sei purazi re hydroponics kumba?
Hazvina kuoma kana kudhura sezvaungafunga. Izvi ndizvo zvinhu zvakakosha zvaunoda kuti utange kushandisa hydroponic system kumba.
- Sisitimu yekurima: Unogona kutenga kit diki yehydroponics muchitoro. Kana, kunyange yakachipa, unogona kugadzira imwe kumba. Chero mudziyo unogona kuchengeta mvura (semuenzaniso, bhaketi hombe, dhishi repurasitiki) unogona kushandiswa setangi remvura. Unogona kugadzira bhaketi iri nekuboora maburi muvharo kuti ubatisise zvirimwa. Hari diki dzine mesh dzinoshandiswa kuitira kuti midzi yezvirimwa isvike mumvura.
- Mwenje: Kana uri mumba, bharubhu re LED kana re fluorescent rinodiwa.
- Kufefetera: Izvi zvinoda pombi diki yemhepo nedombo remhepo raunoisa mutangi rehove. Izvi zvava kuwanikwa muzvitoro zvakawanda.
Zvese izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekuchinja kudiki zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirimwa chaunoda kurima.
Hapana matambudziko madiki.
Dambudziko guru nehurongwa uhwu nderemutengo wekutanga. Zvinodhura zvishoma kutenga zvinhu zvakaita semwenje, mapombi, nematangi. Asi kune hurongwa hudiki hwekushandisa mumba, mutengo wacho hausi wakanyanya. Zvakare, zvinhu zvakaita semvura ine `(pH)`, huwandu hwezvinovaka muviri, nezvimwewo zvinoda kutarisirwa nekungwarira. Asi kana wangodzidza zvinhu izvozvo nemazvo, kushanda nesimba hakuparadzwi kana zvichienzaniswa nemabhenefiti enguva refu.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Hydroponics inzira inoshanda zvikuru uye isingakuvadzi nharaunda yekurima zvirimwa pasina ivhu, uchishandisa mvura yakasanganiswa nezvinovaka muviri.
- Kuburikidza nenzira iyi, goho guru rinogona kuwanikwa nepanenge paine nzvimbo shoma uye mvura shoma .
- Iyi inzira yakanaka yekurima miriwo nemichero mitsva uye yakachena kumba, pasina chepfu kana mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene.
- Kukwanisa kurima chero nguva yegore, kunyangwe uri mumba, mukana mukuru.
- Kugadzira sisitimu diki yehydroponics yekushandisa kumba hakuna kuoma kana kudhura sezvaungafunga.
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