Ngaba nawe ubona imibala ngendlela eyahlukileyo? Masifunde ngokungaboni imibala ngendlela elula!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba indlela obona ngayo imibala yahlukile kancinci kwindlela abanye abayibona ngayo? Okanye ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci unobunzima bokubona imibala? Mhlawumbi isizathu soku kukungaboni imibala, imeko apho umntwana engakwazi ukwahlula imibala ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuyinto ebonwa ngabantu abaninzi.

Yintoni i-Colour Blindness?

Ngamafutshane, ukungaboni imibala, okanye 'ukungabikho kombono wombala', kuxa ungakwazi ukubona imibala ngendlela abanye abayibona ngayo. Oku kwenzeka kuba iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-'cones' ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu azisebenzi kakuhle. Uyazi, ezi seli ze-cone zifana nee-antenna ezincinci ezithatha ukukhanya okungena elisweni zize zikuthumele engqondweni, nto leyo esivumela ukuba sibone imibala.

Uninzi lwabantu abangaboni mibala abayiboni yonke imibala. Kukho abantu abayibonayo, kodwa banqabile kakhulu. Uninzi lwabantu lunokubona uluhlu lwemibala, kodwa eminye imibala ibonakala yahlukile kweminye. Banokuba nobunzima bokwahlula imibala ethile okanye imibala ethile.

Kwabaninzi abantu, le meko yinto efunyanwa ngabazali babo. Ngokukodwa, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokungaboni kombala obomvu noluhlaza ludluliselwa kumama ukuya emntwaneni. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, le meko inokukhula kamva ebomini ngenxa yezinye izifo okanye ezinye izizathu.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unokuba nale meko, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwayo kwaye inzima kangakanani. Ngoko ke bonana nogqirha wamehlo okanye ugqirha wamehlo ukuze uthethe ngayo.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi kweliso? (Intshayelelo emfutshane ngeeseli zekhoni)

Ukuze siqonde iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokungaboni imibala, masiqale sifunde kancinci ngeeseli zekhowuni. Zicinge njengezixhobo zokubona imibala ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu. Zikwinxalenye yamehlo ethu ebizwa ngokuba yi-retina.

Ngokwesiqhelo, sonke sineentlobo ezintathu zeeseli zekhowuni emehlweni ethu:

• Iiseli zekhowuni ezibuthathaka obomvu (iikhowuni ze-L): Ezi zezo zibona ubude be-wavelengths (icala elibomvu lokukhanya).
• Iiseli zekhowuni ezibonakala kuluhlaza (iikhowuni ze-M): Ezi zibona ubude bexesha obuphakathi (icala eliluhlaza lokukhanya).
• Iiseli zekhowuni ezibonakala luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (iikhowuni ze-S): Ezi zibona ubude obufutshane be-wavelengths (icala eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lokukhanya).

Uninzi lwabantu luneentlobo ezintathu zeeseli zekhowuni, kwaye zisebenza kakuhle. Kodwa kumntu ongaboniyo imibala, enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi seli zekhowuni azisebenzi kakuhle. Kulapho indlela esibona ngayo imibala itshintsha khona.

Ngoku makhe sijonge iindidi eziphambili zombono wombala ngokusekelwe kwinani leeseli zekhowuni ezikhoyo kunye nendlela ezisebenza ngayo:

Ukuba ubona yonke imibala ngokuchanekileyo (`Trichromacy`)

Oku kuthetha ukuba unazo zonke iintlobo ezintathu zeeseli zekhowuni emehlweni akho, kwaye zisebenza kakuhle. Ungayibona yonke imibala kwi-spectrum yokukhanya ebonakalayo ngokuqhelekileyo.Oku kukubona imibala ngokupheleleyo.

Umahluko omncinci kweminye imibala (`i-Anomalous trichromacy`)

Apha, uneentlobo ezintathu zeeseli zekhowuni, kodwa uhlobo olunye alunazo iimpawu ezifana nezinye. Oko kuthetha ukuba alunakukwazi ukubona imibala oluhambelana nayo. Ngoko ke awukwazi ukubona imibala ngokuqhelekileyo. Umntu onengxaki encinci angayibona imibala ekhanyayo. Ukuba imbi kancinci, nemibala ekhanyayo nemnyama ingabonakala ngokwahlukileyo. Ezi ntlobo zeemeko zibizwa ngokuba zii-anomalies, oko kuthetha ukuba zibonakala kancinci.

Ukungakwazi ukubona umbala omnye kwaphela (`Dichromacy`)

Okwenzekayo kukuba uzalwa ungenazo iintlobo ezintathu zeeseli zekhowuni. Ngoko ke uneentlobo ezimbini zeeseli zekhowuni (ezidla ngokuba ziikhowuni ezibomvu (L) okanye eziluhlaza (M), kunye neekhowuni ze-S ezinobuntununtunu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka). Ubona ihlabathi kuphela kwimibala enokubonwa zezo ntlobo zimbini zeeseli zekhowuni. Kunzima kakhulu ukwahlula imibala emnyama. Ezi ntlobo zeemeko zibizwa ngokuba yi-anopia, oko kuthetha ukuba awukwazi ukubona umbala othile kwaphela.

I-Monochromacy (ayiboni mibala konke konke)

Apha unohlobo olunye kuphela lweseli yekhowuni, okanye akukho nanye kwiiseli zekhowuni esebenza kakuhle. Ngoko ke amandla akho okubona imibala anqongophele kakhulu, kwaye usenokungaboni mibala konke konke, kwaye ihlabathi lingwevu nje.

Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokungaboni kombala obomvu noluhlaza

Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lokungaboni imibala. Luchaphazela indlela obona ngayo nawuphi na umbala oxutywe nobomvu okanye oluhlaza. Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili zale nto:

• I-Protanopia: Kule meko, ii-L cones zakho ezibomvu azikho. Ngoko awukwazi ukubona ukukhanya okubomvu. Uhlala ubona imibala njengemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye yegolide. Imibala eyahlukeneyo ebomvu inokubhidaniswa nomnyama. Umdaka omnyama unokubhidaniswa nemibala efana noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu, noorenji.
• I-Deuteranopia: Kulapho ii-M cones zakho eziluhlaza azikho khona. Ngoko awukwazi ukubona ukukhanya okuluhlaza. Ubona kakhulu ibhlowu negolide. Eminye imibala ebomvu inokubhidaniswa nemibala eluhlaza. Umthubi unokubhidaniswa nombala oluhlaza.
• I-Protanomaly: Uneentlobo ezintathu zeeseli zekhowuni, kodwa iikhowuni ze-L azinawo uvakalelo olufana nobomvu. Ubomvu bunokubonakala njengongwevu omnyama , kwaye yonke imibala equlethe ubomvu isenokubonakala ingakhanyi kangako.
• I-Deuteranomaly: Uneentlobo ezintathu zeeseli zekhowuni, kodwa ii-M cones azinawo uvakalelo oluphezulu koluluhlaza. Uhlala ubona imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emthubi, kunye nemibala eqaqambileyo engabonakali.

I-'Protanopia' kunye ne-'Deuteranopia' zimizekelo ye-'Dichromacy' ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili (ukungabikho kombala omnye kwaphela). I-'Protanomaly' kunye ne-'Deuteranomaly' zimizekelo ye-'Anomaly trichromacy' (umahluko omncinci kweminye imibala).

Usenokuva amagama athi "protan" kunye "deutan". La ngamagama amafutshane asetyenziselwa ukuchaza ukungakwazi ukwahlula imibala ebomvu-eluhlaza. Igama elithi "Deutan" libhekisa kuluhlaza (nokuba iiseli zakho ze-M cone ezinobuthathaka obuluhlaza zibuthathaka okanye azibuthathaka). Igama elithi "Protan" libhekisa kubomvu (nokuba iiseli zakho ze-L cone ezinobuthathaka obubomvu zibuthathaka okanye azibuthathaka).

Kutheni oku kwenzeka ngakumbi kumadoda?

Le ngxaki yombala obomvu noluhlaza ixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda. Isizathu sale nto kukuba i-gene yale nto ikwi-chromosome X. Njengoko usazi, amadoda ane-chromosome X enye, ngelixa amabhinqa ene-chromosome X ezimbini. Ngoko ke ukuba indoda ine-gene enesiphene kuloo chromosome X inye, iya kuba nale meko. Kodwa nokuba ibhinqa line-chromosome X enye, inokoyiswa yi-gene ephilileyo kwenye i-chromosome X.

Ubumfama bombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-tyheli

Ubumfama obuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-otyheli (obukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'tritan defects') abuxhaphakanga kangako njengobumfama obubomvu-oluhlaza. Kukwakho neentlobo ezimbini zale meko:

• I-Tritanopia: Awunazo ii-S cones eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngoko awukwazi ukubona ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ubona kakhulu obomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, opinki, kunye ne-lavender.
• I-Tritanomaly: Uneentlobo ezintathu zeeseli zekhowuni, kodwa ii-S cones azinawo uvakalelo oluphezulu kwi-blue. Uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lubonakala luluhlaza, kwaye umthubi usenokuba lufiphele kakhulu okanye ungabonakali kwaphela.

Oku kungakwazi ukubona imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-mthubi kuchaphazela amadoda nabafazi ngokulinganayo.

Iimeko ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu

Oku malunga neentlobo ezimbini ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu, oko kukuthi, ezingabonakaliyo, zokungaboni imibala.

Kuphela ziiseli zekhowuni eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezisebenzayo (`ikhowuni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka i-monochromacy`)

Olu lolona hlobo lunqabileyo. Apha, awunazo ii-L cones ezibomvu okanye ii-M cones eziluhlaza ezisebenza kakuhle. Une-S cones eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuphela. Ngoko ke kunzima kakhulu ukwahlula imibala, kwaye uhlala ubona imibala engwevu kuphela. Kunye noku, ezinye iingxaki zamehlo ezifana ne-photophobia, i-nystagmus, kunye nokubona okukufutshane nazo zinokwenzeka.

Imeko yokungaboni mibala (`Achromatopsia` okanye `Rod monochromacy`)

I-Achromatopsia ithetha ukuba zonke okanye uninzi lweeseli zakho zekhoni azikho, okanye azisebenzi kakuhle. Ubona yonke into njengemibala engwevu. Oku kunokubangela nezinye iingxaki zokubona ezinokuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bakho.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko? Ixhaphake kangakanani?

Ukungaboni kombala okubangelwa kukuzalwa kudla ngokuchaphazela amadoda. Oku kungenxa yokuba kuzuzwa kwipateni yemfuza (ebizwa ngokuba yi-'X-linked recessive'). Le meko izuzwa njengelifa ixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda.

Kwakhona, le meko inokuvela kamva ngenxa yezifo ezithile, amayeza, okanye izinto ezingqongileyo. Inokwenzeka nakubani na.

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba oku kuqheleke kangakanani.

Kubantu abasuka eMntla Yurophu, ubumpumputhe obubomvu-buluhlaza buchaphazela malunga nendoda enye kwi-12 kunye nebhinqa elinye kwi-200. La manani ayahluka ngokweentlanga. Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu baseYurophu.

Ngokuphathelele ezinye iintlobo ezingaqhelekanga:

• Ukungabikho kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomthubi kuchaphazela umntu omnye kwabayi-10,000.
• Imeko yokungaboni mibala (`Achromatopsia`) ichaphazela umntu omnye kwabangama-30,000.
• I-blue cone monochromacy ichaphazela umntu omnye kuphela kwi-100,000.

Lilonke, malunga nezigidi ezingama-300 zabantu kwihlabathi liphela banohlobo oluthile lokungaboni imibala (idla ngokuba bomvu-luhlaza).

Ziziphi izizathu zokungakwazi ukubona imibala?

Ukungaboni imibala kusenokufunyanwa okanye kufunyanwe kamva ebomini. Izizathu zazo zombini zahlukile.

Izizathu zokuzalwa (impembelelo yemfuza)

Utshintsho kwizakhi zofuzo zakho yimbangela yokuba uzalwe unesifo sokungaboni imibala.

Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokungaboni kombala obomvu noluhlaza lufunyanwa nge-chromosome X (`i-X-linked recessive inheritance`). Olu hlobo lwesimo esizuzwe njengelifa ludla ngokuchaphazela abafana kwaye aluqhelekanga kumantombazana. Nantsi indlela elula yokuchaza indlela ukungaboni kombala obomvu noluhlaza okuzuzwe ngayo njengelifa:

Kumntwana oyinkwenkwe:

• Ukuba umama unale meko, nomntwana uza kuyizuza njengelifa.
• Ukuba umama unesifo (oko kuthetha ukuba yi-chromosome enye kuphela ye-X kamama enesi siphene semfuza, kwaye enye isempilweni, ngoko umama akanazo iimpawu), umntwana unethuba elingama-50% lokufumana esi sifo njengelifa.
• Ukuba ngutata kuphela onesi simo, umntwana oyinkwenkwe akayi kusifumana njengelifa. Kuba utata unika abantwana abangamakhwenkwe i-chromosome Y, aze umntwana oyintombazana anike i-chromosome X.

Kwintombazana:

• Ukuba bobabini umama notata banale meko, nomntwana uya kuyizuza njengelifa.
• Ukuba utata unale meko, kodwa umama akanayo (umama akangomthwali), umntwana uya kuba ngumthwali.
• Ukuba utata unale meko kwaye umama naye unesi sifo, umntwana unethuba elingama-50% lokufumana esi sifo okanye ithuba elingama-50% lokuba sisi sifo.

Izizathu ezifunyenweyo

Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela ubumfama bombala (ngokuqhelekileyo ubumfama bombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-otyheli) obukhula kamva ebomini. Ezi ziquka:

• Ukuchanabeka kwiikhemikhali ezonakalisa inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo. Umzekelo, izinyibilikisi zendalo, imixube yesinyibilikisi, kunye neentsimbi ezinzima.
• Ukuvezwa ekukhanyeni ixesha elide ngelixa udibanisa iintsimbi.
• Amanye amayeza. Umzekelo, iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-'hydroxychloroquine' (eli linikwa izifo ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis).
• Izifo zamehlo. Imizekelo: ukuwohloka kwe-macular okunxulumene nobudala (AMD), i-glaucoma, kunye ne-cataracts.
• Izifo ezichaphazela ingqondo yakho okanye inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo. Imizekelo ibandakanya: Isifo seswekile i-Mellitus, isifo se-Alzheimer, kunye ne-Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

Ukungaboni imibala okuvela kamva ebomini kuncinci kancinci kunoko kwenzeka ekuzalweni.

Zithini iimpawu zoku? Uzibona njani?

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi, usenokuba nohlobo oluthile lokungaboni imibala:

• Ubunzima bokwahlula nokubona imibala ethile okanye imibala ethile.
• Utshintsho kwindlela ebonakala ngayo ukukhanya kweminye imibala.

Kodwa ukuze uziqonde ezi mpawu, kufuneka wazi ukuba kufuneka uzijonge. Rhoqo, abantu abanengxaki yokungaboni imibala abazi nto ngayo kuba bebesoloko bebona imibala ngendlela efanayo. Ngoko ke abaqondi ukuba kukho umahluko kwindlela ababona ngayo imibala.

Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba amehlo omntwana wakho ahlolwe kakuhle kwaye ahlolwe umbala ngaphambi kokuba aqale isikolo. Kuba imibala isetyenziswa kwiimvavanyo ezininzi nakwizifundo esikolweni. Abantwana ababona imibala ngendlela eyahlukileyo banokuba nexesha elinzima ngezi zinto. Ukuchaneka, xa umaka into engalunganga ngombala obomvu nento engalunganga ngombala oluhlaza, kunokuba nzima kumntwana ongakwaziyo ukwahlula phakathi kwezi zimbini ukuqonda ukuba yintoni ayenzayo engalunganga nento ayenzayo kakuhle, akunjalo?

Ugqirha uyibona njani le nto? (Malunga novavanyo lwe-Ishihara)

Oogqirha bamehlo basebenzisa iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze babone ukuba akukho mbala ubonakalayo.

Uvavanyo lwe-`Ishihara` lolona vavanyo lusetyenziswa kakhulu ukufumanisa ubumfama bombala obomvu noluhlaza. Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha ukukubonisa uthotho lwe-``iipleyiti zemibala`. Ipleyiti nganye inepatheni yamachaphaza amancinci. Ifihliwe phakathi kwamachaphaza kukho inani (imilo yabantwana abancinci). Kufuneka uthethe into oyibonayo kwipleyiti nganye. Amanani kwezinye iipleyiti abonakala kuphela kubantu abanombono opheleleyo wombala. Amanye amacwecwe abonakala kuphela kubantu abanobumfama bombala. Ayimangalisi loo nto?

Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo lwe-"Ishihara", ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelweyo na kunye nokuba yintoni enye ekufuneka uyenze ukuze ufumane ukuba loluphi uhlobo lovavanyo.

Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninokuba nengxaki yokungaboni imibala,Bona ugqirha wamehlo ngoko nangoko uze uhlolwe amehlo akho. Ungalibali ukuxelela ugqirha into ekukhathazayo.

Umntwana wam ufanele enze olu vavanyo eneminyaka emingaphi?

Uvavanyo lokujonga imibala ludla ngokucetyiswa kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-4 nangaphezulu. Xa beneminyaka emi-4, uninzi lwabantwana luyakwazi ukuphendula imibuzo malunga noko banokukubona. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukuba umntwana wakho ahlolwe amehlo okokuqala kwangethuba, mhlawumbi nangaphambi kokuba afikelele kwiminyaka yakhe yokuqala yokuzalwa.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Enyanisweni, okwangoku akukho nyango okanye unyango lwe-congenital color blindness. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumene le meko, ugqirha wakho uza kunyanga unobangela okanye alungise amayeza akho njengoko kufuneka. Oku kunokunceda ukuphucula umbono wakho wombala.

Usenokuba ukhe weva ngeeglasi ezikhethekileyo zabantu abanengxaki yokungaboni imibala. Ezi glasi zinokunceda abantu abaneentlobo ezincinci ze-trichromacy engaqhelekanga (imeko apho kukho umahluko omncinci kweminye imibala) ukuba bafumane imibala ngokucacileyo nangokucacileyo. Ezi glasi zonyusa umahluko phakathi kwemibala, zizenze zibonakale ngakumbi kubantu abanengxaki yokungaboni imibala. Nangona kunjalo, ezi glasi azikwenzi ubone imibala emitsha, kwaye aziyonyango lwesi sifo, kwaye azilungisi naziphi na iingxaki ngeeseli zakho zekhoni. Iziphumo ziyahluka kumntu nomntu.

Ukuba ucinga ngokusebenzisa ezi glasi, thetha nogqirha wamehlo kuqala ukuze ubone ukuba ziya kwenza umahluko na kuwe.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuyiphepha le meko nokunciphisa umngcipheko?

Awunakuthintela ukungaboni kombala ekukhuleni xa uzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, unokukwazi ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nokungaboni kombala kamva ebomini. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlole impilo yakho aze afumanise ukuba zeziphi izinto ezinokubangela ukuba ube nokungaboni kombala . Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokuzibuza:

• Ngaba kukho umngcipheko wokuba andiyi kukwazi ukubona imibala ngenxa yesifo endinaso ngoku?
• Ngaba le meko ibangelwa ngamanye amayeza endiwasebenzisayo?
• Ngaba kukho umngcipheko woku ngenxa yeekhemikhali okanye ezinye izinto emsebenzini wam?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko?

Ukuba awukwazi ukubona imibala, yintoni omele uyilindele?

Ukungaboni imibala kusenokungabi nampembelelo ingako ebomini bakho, ingakumbi ukuba imeko yakho incinci. Kodwa ukuba imbi ngokwaneleyo, inokuphazamisana nomsebenzi wakho, isikolo, okanye ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho wamehlo malunga nemeko yakho kunye noko ukulindeleyo kwixesha elizayo.Ukuba umntwana wakho unale meko, mbuze ukuba ungamnceda njani ngomsebenzi wesikolo.

Ngaba oku kuya kuyichaphazela ikamva lomntwana?

Kukho imisebenzi enokuba nzima okanye ibe yingozi kumntu ongaboni imibala. Umzekelo, imisebenzi efana ne -electrician, i-pilot, umyili wefashoni, okanye umzobi . Nangona kunjalo, ungamkhokela umntwana wakho kwimisebenzi engadingi mbono wemibala. Ungabuza umcebisi wesikhokelo somntwana wakho okanye ootitshala esikolweni ngale nto.

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unale meko, ungenza njani ubomi bemihla ngemihla bube lula?

Ukuthetha nabanye abantu abanale meko, okanye nabazali babantwana abanale meko, kunokuba luncedo kakhulu. Banokwabelana ngeengcebiso nolwazi oluya kukunceda kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso:

• Xa uthenga izinto ezifana nempahla okanye ipeyinti yendlu , yiza nomhlobo oyazi kakuhle imibala ("umhlobo onemibala") ukuze akuncede.
• Khumbula ukulandelelana kwemibala kwizinto ezifana nezibane zendlela (ezifana nobomvu phezulu, orenji/otyheli embindini, oluhlaza ezantsi).
• Faka ii-apps kwifowuni yakho ezikunceda uchonge imibala yezinto ezikungqongileyo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ezi zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yamehlo akho, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke:

• Bona ugqirha wakho wosapho ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.
• Bona ugqirha wamehlo okanye ugqirha wamehlo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.

Oogqirha bakho baza kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka undwendwele rhoqo okanye ukuba kufuneka wenze olunye uvavanyo.

Okokugqibela, ndimele ndithi...

Ukungaboni imibala kusenokuqala kokuncinci ukuya kokuqatha, kwaye kuqheleke kakhulu kunokuba unokucinga. Ukungakwazi ukubona imibala ngendlela ecacileyo kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu ebomini bomntu. Kodwa ukuba kukuthintela ekufezekiseni iinjongo zakho, kuyaqondakala ukuba uzive ulusizi kwaye udanile.

Kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa. Izigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela zibona imibala ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunesiqhelo. Ukunxibelelana nabanye abanale meko nokufunda kumava abo kunokukunceda. Ungafumana ulwazi kunye nenkxaso kwiindawo ezikwi-intanethi zabantu abangaboniyo imibala.

Ukuba umntwana wakho unale meko, thetha nogqirha wamehlo malunga notshintsho olunokumnceda esikolweni. Kubalulekile nokuthetha nootitshala bomntwana wakho ngale nto kunye nendlela onokuyixhasa ngayo indlela yokufunda kwakhe.

Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi ngale nto, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha. Hlala usempilweni!

Ukungaboni imibala , ukungaboni imibala, ukubona kwabantwana, izifo zamehlo, izifo zemfuza, iiseli zekhoni