Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva udiniwe? Okanye uzive ngathi unciphisa umzimba nokuba utya kangakanani na, okanye utyeba kancinci nokuba utya kancinci? Mhlawumbi uziva nje unomsindo kwaye uxhalabile. Ngamanye amaxesha emva kwezi zinto kukho "umphathi" omncinci kodwa obaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Simbiza ngokuba yi-thyroid gland. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha nge-TSH, enye yeehomoni eziphambili ezilawula umsebenzi we-thyroid gland.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-TSH?
Nangona igama elithi TSH livakala liyinzululwazi kancinci, intsingiselo yalo ilula kakhulu. I-TSH imele i -Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone . NgesiSinhala, lithetha "i-thyroid stimulating hormone". Oku kufana nomphathi eofisini. Umsebenzi wakhe kukunika "umqeshwa" obizwa ngokuba yi-thyroid gland imiyalelo yokusebenza.
Le hormone yeTSH iveliswa emzimbeni wethu yindlala encinci enobukhulu obufana ne-pea efumaneka phantsi kwengqondo. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-pituitary gland. Le ndlala ye-pituitary yeyona ilawula ezinye iihormone ezininzi emzimbeni wethu.
Ngoko ke, emva kokuba i-pituitary gland ikhuphe i-hormone ye-TSH egazini, iya ngqo kwi-thyroid gland, eyi-gland efana nebhabhathane efumaneka phantsi kwesikhumba ngaphambili entanyeni yethu. Ngokusekelwe kumyalezo ovela kwi-TSH, i-thyroid gland ivelisa kwaye ikhuphe ii-hormone zayo ezimbini, i-thyroxine (T4) kunye ne-triiodothyronine (T3), egazini.
Kutheni ke ezi hormone ze-T3 kunye ne-T4 zibaluleke kangaka kuthi?
Ezi homoni zimbini zilawula izinga le-metabolism yomzimba wethu. Ngamafutshane, ezi homoni zimbini zimisela izinga apho ukutya esikutyayo kuguqulwa kube ngamandla kwaye umzimba usebenzisa loo mandla. Azipheleli apho, kodwa zenza neminye imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo.
- Umsebenzi wentliziyo kunye nomsebenzi wenkqubo yokugaya ukutya zigcinwa kakuhle.
- Inceda ekulawuleni izihlunu zethu .
- Kubalulekile ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo (ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci).
- Inceda ukugcina amathambo eqinile .
Khawuthelekelele, konke oku kulawulwa lulungelelwaniso oluhle phakathi "koMphathi Omkhulu" engqondweni (i-hypothalamus), "uMphathi" ongaphantsi kwakhe (i-pituitary gland), kunye "noMsebenzi" (i-thyroid gland).
Eli nqanaba le-TSH lilawulwa njani emzimbeni?
Oku kufana ne-thermostat ekwi-AC yasekhaya. Le nkqubo isebenza ngokuzenzekelayo, ngobulumko obukhulu. Oku sikubiza ngokuba "yi-feedback loop."
1. Inyathelo lokuqala: Okokuqala, ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-TRH (i-Thyrotropin-releasing hormone) ikhutshwa kwi-hypothalamus esebuchotsheni. Olu luphawu lokuqala. Kufana "noMphathi Omkhulu" obiza "uMphathi" wakhe aze amxelele ukuba "aqale ukusebenza."
2. Inyathelo lesibini:Emva kokufumana lo myalezo we-TRH, i-pituitary gland (uMphathi) ikhupha i-TSH hormone egazini.
3. Inyathelo Lesithathu: Ihomoni ye-TSH ixelela i-thyroid gland (umsebenzi) ukuba "isebenze, yenze i-T3 kunye ne-T4." Ngokufanelekileyo, i-thyroid gland yenza iihomoni ze-T3 kunye ne-T4 kwaye izikhuphele egazini.
4. Inyathelo lokugqibela (Impendulo): Ngoku ekubeni amanqanaba e-T3 kunye ne-T4 hormone egazini efikelele kwinqanaba elifunekayo, ithumela umyalezo engqondweni, isithi, "Kulungile, ngoku kukho ii-hormone ezaneleyo, yeka ukuthumela i-TSH." Xa i-pituitary gland ifumana loo myalezo, inciphisa ukukhululwa kwe-TSH. Kufana ne-compressor ye-AC icima xa igumbi libanda.
Ngale ndlela, xa amanqanaba e-T3 kunye ne-T4 egazini ehla, amanqanaba e-TSH ayanda ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngokufanayo, xa amanqanaba e-T3 kunye ne-T4 enyuka, amanqanaba e-TSH ayancipha ngokuzenzekelayo. Yiyo loo nto sinokufumanisa ngokulula ukuba i-thyroid gland yakho isebenza kakuhle, okanye ukuba isebenza kakhulu, ngovavanyo lwegazi lwe-TSH.
Ithini inqanaba eliqhelekileyo le-TSH?
Amanqanaba e-TSH ayatshintsha ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Angatshintsha nangexesha lokukhulelwa. Kwaye ekubeni la maxabiso anokwahluka kancinci ukusuka kwilabhoratri ukuya kwenye, kubalulekile ukujonga "uluhlu oluqhelekileyo" kwingxelo yakho. Kodwa ngokubanzi, amanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-TSH kumntu ophilileyo ngala alandelayo.
| Iqela leminyaka | Inqanaba eliqhelekileyo le-TSH (uIU/mL) |
|---|---|
| Iintsana ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-5 ubudala | 0.7 – 15.2 |
| Iintsana ezineminyaka eyi-6 ukuya kweyi-90 ubudala | 0.72 – 11.0 |
| Iintsana ezineminyaka emi-4 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala | 0.73 – 8.35 |
| Abantwana abaneminyaka eli-1 ukuya kweli-6 ubudala | 0.7 – 5.97 |
| Abantwana abaneminyaka esi-7 ukuya kweli-11 ubudala | 0.6 – 4.84 |
| Abantu abaselula abaneminyaka eli-12 ukuya kwengama-20 ubudala | 0.51 – 4.3 |
| Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-21 ukuya kwengama-99 ubudala | 0.27 – 4.2 |
Amanqanaba e-TSH ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Amanqanaba asempilweni eehomoni ze-thyroid kumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa abalulekile ekuphuhliseni kakuhle ingqondo nomzimba womntwana. Amanqanaba e-TSH ayatshintsha ngeli xesha.
- Ikota yokuqala yokukhulelwa: 0.18 – 2.99 (uIU/mL)
- Ikota yesibini yokukhulelwa: 0.11 – 3.98 (uIU/mL)
- Ikota yesithathu: 0.48 – 4.71 (uIU/mL)
Kuthekani ukuba amanqanaba e-TSH ehla? (Hyperthyroidism)
Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-TSH liphantsi kunesiqhelo, oko kuthetha ukuba i-thyroid gland yakho isebenza nzima kakhulu . Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-Hyperthyroidism .
Khawuthelekelele ukuba "umsebenzi" (i-thyroid gland) ebesithethe ngayo ngaphambili usebenza yedwa ngaphandle kolawulo, ngaphandle kwemiyalelo yomphathi, kwaye uvelisa iihomoni ze-T3 kunye ne-T4 ezingaphezulu kunokuba kuyimfuneko. Emva koko amanqanaba e-T3 kunye ne-T4 egazini ayanda kakhulu. Ukubona oku, "uMphathi" (i-pituitary gland) uyeka ukuthumela i-TSH phantse ngokupheleleyo. Kubonakala ngathi ucinga, "Umsebenzi uyasebenza nangona kunjalo, akukho sizathu sokuba ndikhwaze." Ke ngoko, amanqanaba e-TSH ayancipha. Iimeko ezifana nesifo se-"Graves'" kunye namaqhuqhuva e-thyroid zinokubangela oku.
| Iimpawu zezinga eliphantsi le-TSH (i-Hyperthyroidism) | |
|---|---|
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo | Ukuziva ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza esifubeni, ngokungathi uyayiva intliziyo yakho ibetha. |
| Ukungcangcazela nokungazinzi | Ukuziva ungcangcazela emilenzeni, uxhalaba, nokungaphumli. |
| Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu | Ukwanda komnqweno wokutya, kodwa ukwehla kobunzima. |
| Urhudo oluqhelekileyo (Urhudo) | Ukufuna ukuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela rhoqo ngenxa yokugaya ukutya ngokukhawuleza. |
| Utshintsho emehlweni | Amehlo abonakala ngathi aphumile. |
| Utshintsho lolusu | Ukuncitshiswa kolusu, ukuziva ushushu kwaye ufumile. |
| Ukudumba kwentamo (iGoiter) | Ukudumba ngaphambili entanyeni ngenxa yokwanda kwendlala yegilo. |
| Imijikelo yokuya exesheni engaqhelekanga kubafazi | Ukuhamba kwexesha kokuya exesheni okungaqhelekanga okanye okunciphileyo. |
Ukuba unale mpawu, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuze ufumane ingcebiso. Le meko inokunyangeka kwaye ilawulwe kakuhle.
Kuthekani ukuba amanqanaba e-TSH ayanda? (Hypothyroidism)
Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-TSH liphezulu kunesiqhelo, oko kuthetha ukuba i-thyroid gland yakho ayisebenzi kakuhle njengoko kufanele . Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-Hypothyroidism .
Okwenzekayo kule meko kukuba "umsebenzi" (i-thyroid gland) uyanqena kakhulu. Ayivelisi ii-hormone ze-T3 kunye ne-T4 ezaneleyo. Emva koko amanqanaba e-T3 kunye ne-T4 egazini ayancipha. Esazi oku, "uMphathi" (i-pituitary gland) uyakhathazeka aze athumele imiyalezo engaphezulu ye-TSH "kumsebenzi" ukuba asebenze.Kufana nokuthetha nomntu olivila ukuze umvuse. Oku kubangela ukuba inqanaba le-TSH egazini linyuke kakhulu. Isizathu esiphambili soku sisifo sokuzikhusela komzimba esibizwa ngokuba yi-`(isifo sikaHashimoto)`.
| Iimpawu zezinga eliphezulu le-TSH (i-Hypothyroidism) | |
|---|---|
| Ukudinwa rhoqo | Ukuziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha, nokuba ulala kangakanani na. |
| Ukungabi nangqondo kwamalungu | Ukurhawuzelela okanye ukurhawuzelela ezandleni nakwiminwe. |
| Ukuqhinwa | Ukuqhinwa ngenxa yokucotha kokugaya ukutya. |
| Ukukhula okukhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu | Ukunyuka kobunzima nangona kungekho tshintsho kwindlela yokutya. |
| Uxinzelelo | Ndiziva ndilusizi rhoqo, ndidanile, kwaye ndingenamdla kuyo nayiphi na into. |
| Ukungakwazi ukunyamezela ingqele | Ukuziva ubanda kakhulu nokuba ukwindawo eqhelekileyo kwabanye. |
| Ukuncipha komdla wesondo | Ukuncipha komnqweno nomdla kwimisebenzi yesondo. |
| Ukuya exesheni kakhulu kwabasetyhini | Ukuya exesheni kuhlala iintsuku ezininzi kwaye kukho ukopha okukhulu. |
Ezi mpawu zihlala zikhula kancinci kancinci. Ngoko ke ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngazo. Le meko inokulawulwa ngempumelelo kakhulu ngamayeza.
Ngaba kufuneka ndikhathazeke ukuba ingxelo ye-TSH ayiqhelekanga?
Akunjalo konke konke. Ukuba ingxelo yakho ye-TSH ingaphandle komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo akuthethi ukuba unesifo nge-100%. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga ezinye izinto ezininzi xa ehlaziya le ngxelo.
- Ubudala bakho: Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-80 ubudala banokuba namanqanaba e-TSH aphakamileyo kancinci. Akusoloko kuyimpawu yokugula.
- Ukukhulelwa: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, amanqanaba e-TSH atshintsha ngokwendalo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Ezinye izifo ezinzulu: Ezinye izifo ezinzulu ezingahambelaniyo ne-thyroid gland (umz., usulelo olunzima) zinokunciphisa amanqanaba e-TSH okwethutyana.
- Ezinye iimvavanyo ze-thyroid: Ugqirha ufikelela kwisigqibo sokugqibela ngokuthelekisa iziphumo nezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana ne-TSH, kodwa kunye nee-antibodies ze-Free T4 kunye ne-Thyroid.
Ngoko ke, musa ukoyika xa ubona ixabiso kwingxelo yakho ye-TSH. Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukuchaza ukuba kuthetha ukuthini kanye kanye nento omawuyenze emva koko. Thetha naye ngaloo nto.
Uninzi lwexesha, inqanaba le-TSH elingaqhelekanga libonisa utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwe-thyroid gland. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba zombini ezi meko (i-Hyperthyroidism kunye ne-Hypothyroidism) zinokulawulwa ngempumelelo ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye namayeza, okukuvumela ukuba uphile ubomi obusempilweni nobuqhelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-TSH yeyona hormone iphambili elawula ukusebenza kwe-thyroid gland. Iveliswa yi-pituitary gland esebuchotsheni.
- Inqanaba eliphezulu le-TSH lidla ngokuthetha ukuba i-thyroid gland ayisebenzi kakuhle (i-hypothyroidism) .
- Inqanaba eliphantsi le-TSH lidla ngokuthetha ukuba i-thyroid gland isebenza kakhulu (i-hyperthyroidism) .
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokudinwa rhoqo, ukwehla okanye ukuqina komzimba, kunye nokungaphumli, kubalulekile ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-TSH.
- Musa ukoyika uze wenze izigqibo ngokwakho emva kokubona ixabiso kwingxelo yakho yegazi. Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto.
- Iimeko ezinxulumene ne-thyroid zingalawulwa kakuhle ngonyango olufanelekileyo.
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