Ingxaki yentliziyo? Masifunde yonke into nge-Echocardiogram!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kwenzeka ntoni entliziyweni yakho kwaye isebenza njani? Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha angakuxelela ukuba 'wenze i-echo'. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokufutshane malunga nokuba yintoni i-echocardiogram kunye nento enokuyifumanisa. Ngamafutshane, i-echocardiogram luvavanyo olubonisa umfanekiso weentshukumo zentliziyo yakho. Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha okanye ingcali eqeqeshiweyo ibeka isixhobo esincinci esiphathwayo esifubeni sakho kwaye isebenzisa amaza esandi aqhelekileyo abizwa ngokuba yi -ultrasound ukuthatha imifanekiso yeevalvu kunye namagumbi entliziyo yakho. Oku kunokukunceda ubone ngqo indlela intliziyo yakho epompa ngayo igazi .

Oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa olu vavanyo kunye ne -Doppler ultrasound kunye ne-color Doppler ukujonga indlela igazi elihamba ngayo kwiivalvu zentliziyo. Eyona nto ingcono kukuba olu vavanyo alusebenzisi naluphi na uhlobo lwemitha. Oku kwahlukile kwezinye iimvavanyo ezisebenzisa imitha , njenge -X-ray okanye ii-CT scans .

Ngubani owenza le echocardiogram?

Uyazi ukuba ngubani owenza le echocardiogram? Kukho umntu ofumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo ngayo, simbiza ngokuba yi- cardiac sonographer . Ngabo basebenzisa obu buchwephesha bamva nje kwaye benza olu vavanyo kwigumbi lesibhedlele, okanye ngamanye amaxesha kwiziko lonyango lwentliziyo elikhethekileyo ( i-catheterization lab ).

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-echocardiograms?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lwe-echo. Uhlobo ngalunye luneengenelo zalo ezithile ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni isifo sentliziyo yakho. Iintlobo eziphambili zezi:

• I-Transthoracic echocardiogram: Olu lolona hlobo lwentliziyo oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswayo kwaye lolona luqhelene nabantu abaninzi.
• I-Transesophageal echocardiogram: Le yindlela ekhethekileyo evumela ukujonga intliziyo ngokusondeleyo.
• I-echocardiogram yoxinzelelo lomzimba: Oku kuvavanya intliziyo yakho ngelixa usenza umthambo.

Ziziphi iindlela ezisetyenziswayo kuvavanyo lwe-echo?

Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zisetyenziswa ukufota intliziyo yakho. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo iya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yakho kunye noko ugqirha afuna ukukubona.

• I-ultrasound enemilinganiselo emibini (2D): Olu lolona hlobo lusetyenziswa kakhulu. Intliziyo ibonakala kwiscreen sekhompyutha njenge "ziqwenga".
• I-ultrasound enemilinganiselo emithathu (3D): Le ndlela ye-3D iphucuke kakhulu ngetekhnoloji entsha. Ingathatha umfanekiso opheleleyo wemilinganiselo emithathu yentliziyo. Ibonisa indlela igazi elimpontshwa ngayo ngokucacileyo, kwaye unokubona intliziyo kwiikona ezahlukeneyo.
• I-Doppler ultrasound: Oku kujonga ukuba igazi lakho lihamba ngesantya esingakanani kwaye lihamba ngakweliphi icala.
• I-Color Doppler ultrasound: Oku kubonisa nokuhamba kwegazi, kodwa ngombala. Kulula ukuyiqonda kuba igazi lihamba kwicala elahlukileyo, libonisa imibala eyahlukileyo.
• Ukubona ukuxinana kwemisipha: Oku kubonisa utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela izihlunu zentliziyo ezihamba ngayo. Oku kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ekuchongeni iimpawu zokuqala zezinye izifo zentliziyo.
• Imifanekiso yomahluko: Kule nto, kufakwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo ( iarhente yomahluko ) emthanjeni wakho. Olu lwelo lubonakala ngokucacileyo kwimifanekiso, ukuze iinkcukacha zentliziyo zibonakale ngcono. Abanye abantu banokuba ne-allergy encinci koku, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ayisiyonto inkulu kwaye iya kuphela ngokukhawuleza.

Uvavanyo lwe-echo luthatha ixesha elingakanani?

I-echocardiogram idla ngokuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-40 ukuya kwengama-60. Nangona kunjalo, i-transesophageal echo, eyenziwa ngetyhubhu efakwe entanyeni, ingathatha malunga nemizuzu engama-90.

Ngaba i-Echo kunye ne-EKG zizinto ezifanayo? Okanye zimbini?

Into enye edida abantu abaninzi kukuba ingaba i-Echo kunye ne-ECG (EKG okanye i-ECG) ziyafana okanye azifani. Zombini zijonga intliziyo yakho, kodwa izinto ezizijongayo kunye nendlela ezibukeka ngayo zahlukile.

I-echo ijonga imo iyonke, ulwakhiwo, kunye nomsebenzi wentliziyo. Ivelisa imifanekiso eshukumayo yentliziyo.

I- ECG (EKG) ilinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Ayivelisi mifanekiso yentliziyo, kodwa iveza igrafu. Imigca ekule grafu ibonisa isantya sentliziyo kunye nesingqisho.

Ndingayidinga nini i-echocardiogram?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba ugqirha angakuxelela nini ukuba wenze i-echocardiogram.

• Ukuba uneempawu (umz. iintlungu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla), fumana unobangela (nokuba ufumanise isifo okanye uqinisekise ukuba akukho sifo sinjalo).
• Ukuba ugqirha ucinga ukuba unesifo sentliziyo,Oko kukho. Emva koko senza into ethile ukuze sifumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye size sifumane okungakumbi ngayo.
• Ukuba sele unesifo sentliziyo esifunyenweyo, jonga imeko yaso. Umzekelo, abanye abantu abanesifo sevalvu yentliziyo kufuneka benze i-echocardiogram rhoqo.
• Ukuba ulungiselela utyando okanye olunye unyango.
• Jonga ukuba iziphumo zinjani emva kotyando okanye inkqubo yezonyango.

Ibonisa ntoni i-echocardiogram?

I-echocardiogram ingaxilonga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo sentliziyo. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso: Oku kuthetha isifo sentliziyo esibakho xa umntu ezalwa.
• I-Cardiomyopathy: Esi sisifo esichaphazela izihlunu zentliziyo.
• I-Infective Endocarditis: Olu lusulelo lwegumbi lentliziyo okanye iivalvu.
• Isifo sentliziyo: Esi sisifo esichaphazela ingxowa encinci ( i-pericardium ) ejikeleze intliziyo.
• Isifo seevalvu: Esi sisifo esichaphazela iivalvu, ezifana "neengcango" eziphakathi kwamagumbi entliziyo.

Kwakhona, i-echo ingabonisa utshintsho olulandelayo entliziyweni:

• I-Aortic aneurysm
• Amahlwili egazi
• Ithumba lentliziyo

Yenziwa njani iTransthoracic Echo?

Olu luhlobo abantu abaninzi abalucingayo xa besiva igama elithi 'heart echo'. Le yindlela eqhelekileyo neqhelekileyo. Yenziwa ngaphandle komzimba wakho. I-sonographer eqeqeshiweyo ibeka isixhobo esincinci, esiphathwa ngesandla (esibizwa ngokuba yi-transducer ) esifubeni sakho kwaye ithumela amaza esandi entliziyweni yakho. La maza esandi agxuma kwiindawo ezithile zentliziyo yakho aze 'aphinde abonakale', okanye abuye abonakale. La 'maza' zizinto ezibonakala njengemifanekiso kwiscreen sekhompyutha ye-sonographer. Le mifanekiso inokujongwa yingcali yentliziyo yakho kunye nabanye oogqirha.

Ndingayilungiselela njani le ngxolo ye-transthoracic?

• Akukho mfuneko yokulungiselela oku. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akufuneki ulawule ukutya nokusela kwakho.
• Ukuba unamayeza, wasele njengesiqhelo.
• Ungafika unxibe nayiphi na impahla. Kuya kufuneka utshintshe ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Kungcono ukushiya izinto zakho ezixabisekileyo ekhaya. Bakunika indawo yokugcina izinto zakho.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-Transthoracic Echo?

• Okokuqala, uza kuxelelwa ukuba ukhulule impahla yakho ukusuka esinqeni ukuya phezulu uze unxibe ilokhwe yesibhedlele.
• Emva koko ingcali iza kubeka izitikha ezincinci, ezithe tyaba, ezincamathelayo ( ii-electrode ) esifubeni sakho. Ezi ziqhagamshelwe kwimonitha ye-EKG.Iqhagamshelwe. Oku kurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho kulo lonke uvavanyo.
• Kuya kufuneka ulale etafileni yovavanyo. Uya kucelwa ukuba ulale ngecala lakho lasekhohlo ukuba kunokwenzeka.
• Ingcali ibeka isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-transducer (siza kuyibiza ngokuba 'yinduku') esifubeni sakho kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Incam inejeli encinci efakwe kuyo, engonakalisi ulusu. Le jeli inceda ekuthatheni imifanekiso ecacileyo.
• Usenokuva isandi esithi 'swish swish' ngexesha lovavanyo. Oku kuqhelekile, ungakhathazeki. Oku kungenxa yokuba intonga ibamba isandi segazi elihamba entliziyweni.
• Ngexesha lovavanyo, ingcali iza kukucela ukuba ubambe umphefumlo wakho imizuzwana embalwa kwaye ingakucela ukuba uye kwenye indawo.

Awuyi kuva ntlungu ngexesha lovavanyo. Ijeli ekwinduku iya kwenza ulusu lwakho luzive lubanda kancinci. Ungaziva noxinzelelo oluncinci xa induku icinezelwe esifubeni sakho.

Yenziwa njani i-Transesophageal Echo (TEE)?

Oku kuthatha imifanekiso ngaphakathi esifubeni, kungekhona ngaphandle. Kungayibona intliziyo kunye neevalvu ngokweenkcukacha ezingaphezulu kune -echo ye-transthoracic . Oku kungenxa yokuba amathambo akho kunye nezicubu azingeni phakathi kwe-transducer kunye nentliziyo yakho. Kolu vavanyo, ingcali ifaka i -transducer encinci ngetyhubhu ende, eguquguqukayo ( i-endoscope ) ezantsi emqaleni wakho nakwi -esophagus yakho. Le yinkqubo engaphantsi kakhulu, ngoko ungaziva ungakhululekanga okwethutyana. Kodwa akukho mingcipheko mikhulu.

Olu hlobo lwe-echo lungasetyenziswa kwiimeko ezilandelayo:

• Ugqirha usenokufuna ukujonga ngokusondeleyo i-aorta yakho okanye umva wentliziyo yakho (ingakumbi i -atrium yasekhohlo okanye i-ventricle yasekhohlo).
• Jonga ukuba azikho na iihlwili zegazi.
• Jonga ivalvu yakho ye-mitral okanye ivalvu ye-aortic .
• Ukuba unesifo sokutyeba kakhulu okanye iingxaki zemiphunga.
• Ukuba i-echo engaphaya kwesifuba ayinakwenziwa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo.

Ulungiselela njani i-transesophageal echo (TEE)?

Xa ulungiselela oku, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Iingxaki zomqala , ezifana ne -hernia yokuzala .
• Ubunzima bokuginya.
• I-apnea yokulala .
• Ukuba amayeza afakwa emithanjeni ( ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi nge-IV ).

Kwakhona, kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba usebenzisa amayeza ale meko ilandelayo:

• Iingxaki zokungalali.
• Ixhala .
• Intlungu .

Izinto ekufuneka uzilungiselele ngomhla wovavanyo:

• Qiniseka ukuba uza nomntu oza kukuthatha akuse ekhaya. Uza kuthotywa idosi yotywala kolu vavanyo, ngoko ke awuyi kukwazi ukuqhuba iiyure ezingama-24.
• Musa ukutya okanye ukusela nantoni na ubuncinane iiyure ezintandathu ngaphambi kovavanyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ethile malunga nokuba uza kutya ntoni kwaye uyisele ntoni. Kubalulekile ukuyilandela ngokuchanekileyo.
• Buza ugqirha wakho ngexesha omele ulisebenzise rhoqo amayeza akho. Usenokukwazi ukuwasela ngelo xesha usele namanzi.
• Ukuba usela amayeza esifo seswekile , buza ugqirha wakho ukuba uza kuwasela nini kwaye njani loo mayeza.
• Nceda ushiye izinto zakho ezixabisekileyo ekhaya. Kuza kubakho ilokha yokugcina izinto zakho.
• Nceda unxibe impahla ekhululekileyo onokuyinxiba. Kuya kufuneka unxibe ilokhwe yesibhedlele ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo iqale.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-transesophageal echo (TEE)?

• Kuya kufuneka ukhulule iimpahla zakho eziphezu kwesinqe uze unxibe ilokhwe yesibhedlele.
• Ugqirha uza kubeka ii-electrodes (izitikha ezincinci) esifubeni sakho. Ezi zinokujonga ukusebenza kombane kwentliziyo yakho ngexesha lovavanyo.
• Ugqirha uza kuncamathisela i-blood pressure cuff engalweni yakho kunye ne-pulse oximeter emnweni wakho.
• Uza kunikwa ulwelo oluhlambulula umphimbo. Ugqirha uza kutshiza neyeza lokubulala iintlungu emqaleni wakho.
• Ukuze uzive ukhululekile, uza kunikwa i -IV kunye ne-sedative. Emva kwexesha elithile, uza kuqala ukuziva ulele.
• Usenokuba netyhubhu encinci empumlweni yakho ukuze ikunike ioksijini.
• Kufuneka ujike ngasekhohlo uze ulale etafileni yovavanyo.
• Ugqirha uza kufaka i-endoscope ( ityhubhu ende, ebhityileyo, eguquguqukayo ene- transducer ekupheleni) ngomlomo wakho. Le tyhubhu iza kwehla ngomqala wakho iye kumphimbo wakho. Iya kuthambisa ukuze incede yehle lula. Nangona oku kunokuvakala kungathandeki kancinci, akuyi kukwenzakalisa.
• Usenokucelwa ukuba uginye ukuze i-transducer ibe kwindawo efanelekileyo emva kwentliziyo yakho.
• Emva koko ugqirha uthatha imifanekiso. Awuyi kuva nto ngeli xesha.
• Emva kokuba ugqirha ethathe imifanekiso ayidingayo, uza kuyisusa ityhubhu emqaleni wakho. Kungekudala, uza kuba ulungele ukutshintsha impahla uhambe.

Ungayenza njani i-Exercise Stress Echo?

I-echo yoxinzelelo lomthambo , ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yi-echo yoxinzelelo , ibonisa indlela intliziyo yakho esebenza ngayo xa isebenza nzima, oko kukuthi, phantsi 'koxinzelelo'. Olu vavanyo luvavanyo lwendabukoKufana novavanyo loxinzelelo lokuzivocavoca. Ingcali iza kujonga izinga lentliziyo yakho, isigqi, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi (into efanayo obuya kuyenza ngexesha lovavanyo loxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo). Nangona kunjalo, olu vavanyo lukwabandakanya i-echo imaging (engenziwa ngexesha lovavanyo loxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo). Olu vavanyo lubonisa indlela intliziyo yakho enokumelana ngayo nomsebenzi. Ingcali iza kukuthatha imifanekiso ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuzilolonga nasemva kokuba ugqibile.

Kwezinye iimeko, akuyi kufuneka uzilolonge. Endaweni yoko, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza okwenza intliziyo yakho isebenze nzima, ngokungathi ubuzilolonga. Injongo kukwenza intliziyo yakho ifune ioksijini engaphezulu. Xa intliziyo yakho ixinezelekile, ingcali inokubona iinkcukacha ongenakuzibona xa ulele nje etafileni yovavanyo. Umzekelo, iingxaki ngemithambo yakho yentliziyo okanye ulwelo lwentliziyo yakho.

Ungayilungiselela njani i-Exercise Stress Echo?

Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo eneenkcukacha malunga nendlela yokulungiselela olu vavanyo. Kuya kufuneka ulungiselele okungaphezulu kancinci kunoko kwezinye iintlobo.

• Musa ukutya okanye ukusela nantoni na ngaphandle kwamanzi ubuncinane iiyure ezine ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Musa ukutshaya ngomhla wovavanyo.
• Musa ukusela nantoni na ene-caffeine iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kovavanyo. Oku kuquka ikofu, iti, iziselo ezingena-caffeine (ezikwanayo ne-caffeine encinci), kunye namanye amayeza entlungu athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha .

Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nokuba uza kuthatha nini kwaye njani amayeza akho aqhelekileyo. Kusenokufuneka uyeke ukuthatha amanye amayeza entliziyo ngomhla wovavanyo. Umthamo wakho wamayeza eswekile nawo unokufuneka uhlengahlengiswe. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.

Nangona ungayi kupholiswa yintlungu ngenxa yoku, licebo elihle ukuba nomntu oza kuhamba nawe ukuya nokubuya kwinkqubo, kuba unokuziva udiniwe emva kwenkqubo.

Nxiba iimpahla nezihlangu ezikhululekileyo. Uza kuhamba nge -treadmill okanye ukhwele ibhayisekile engashukumiyo ngexesha lovavanyo, ngoko ke nxiba into oziva ukhululekile ngayo.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa usenza i-Exercise Stress Echo?

• Ingcali iza kubeka ii-electrodes (izitikha ezincinci) esifubeni sakho. Ezi ziqhagamshelwe kwi-EKG monitor ukuze ijonge izinga lentliziyo yakho kunye nesingqisho kulo lonke uvavanyo.
• Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukushukuma, ugqirha uza kulinganisa izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo yakho, isingqisho sentliziyo yakho, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Ngelixa ulele etafileni yovavanyo, ingcali ithatha imifanekiso yentliziyo yakho. Ibeka intonga ephathwa ngesandla esetyenziselwa uvavanyo lwe-echo rhoqo esifubeni sakho kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
• Emva koko uqala ukuhamba. Ungahamba nge- treadmill okanye ukhwele ibhayisekile engashukumiyo . Kancinci kancinci yonyusa isantya/ubunzima.
• Kufuneka uqhubeke usenza loo nto ude udinwe. Oku kudla ngokuthatha malunga nemizuzu esixhenxe ukuya kwelishumi elinesibini.
• Ngelixa uzilolonga, ingcali iza kukubuza ukuba uziva njani. Mxelele naziphi na iimpawu ozifumanayo. Baza kujonga intliziyo yakho kwi -EKG monitor .
• Emva kokuba uyeke ukuhamba, uvavanyo lwe-echo luya kwenziwa kwakhona.
• Emva koko uza kuphola ngokuhamba okanye ngebhayisekile okwethutyana. Ugqirha uza kujonga iimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo de zibuyele esiqhelweni.

Ukuba unikwe amayeza 'okwenza intliziyo yakho ibe xinezeleke', inkqubo iya kwahluka kancinci. Awuyi kuba kwi- treadmill okanye kwibhayisekile. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nento omawuyilindele kunye nendlela onokuziva ngayo ngexesha lovavanyo olunjalo.

Ndingazifumana njani iziphumo zovavanyo lwam?

Emva kokuba ugqirha wakho wentliziyo ephonononge uvavanyo, uza kufaka iziphumo kwirekhodi yakho yezonyango ye-elektroniki. Umboneleli wakho wezonyango oyintloko angazibona ezi ziphumo. Uza kuxoxa ngezi ziphumo nomnye okanye bobabini oogqirha.

Buza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo malunga nemifanekiso kunye nentsingiselo yayo. Ugqirha uza kukuchazela ukuba imifanekiso ibonisa ntoni na nokuba ufuna olunye uvavanyo okanye unyango.

Yintoni ongafanele uyenze ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-echocardiogram?

Kuxhomekeke ngokwenene kuhlobo lwe-ultrasound oyenzayo. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba yintoni kanye kanye omele uyenze nengamele uyenze. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuthi ungafuni ukuzenza ngaphambi kwe-ultrasound yakho:

• Ukutya nokusela (ingakumbi kwi -transesophageal kunye ne-stress echoes ).
• Ukutshaya okanye ukusebenzisa ezinye iimveliso ze-nicotine .
• Ikofu okanye nantoni na ene -caffeine . Oku kuquka iziselo ezingena-caffeine , ezikwanayo ne-caffeine encinci. Oku kuquka namanye amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwe-akhawunti kagqirha aqulethe i-caffeine.

Kusenokufuneka utshintshe ishedyuli yakho yamayeza ngaphambi kovavanyo. Musa ukuyeka okanye ukutshintsha nayiphi na imithi ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho.

Umyalezo oza kugoduka nawo kweli nqaku

I-echocardiogram luvavanyo olubalulekileyo olunokubonisa okuninzi malunga nolwakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwentliziyo yakho. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuxelela ukuba wenze i-echo, buza ngohlobo lovavanyo oza kulwenza kunye noko ungakulindela. Kusenokufuneka wenze i-echo engaphezulu kwesinye, okanye iimvavanyo ezininzi usebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo, ukuze ufumane zonke iinkcukacha ezifunwa ngugqirha wakho malunga nentliziyo yakho.

Cela ugqirha wakho akuchazele imifanekiso aze akuncede uqonde ukuba ithetha ukuthini. Ukuthatha inxaxheba ebonakalayo ekuxilongweni kwakho nakunyango kunokukunceda uzive ukhululekile ngakumbi kuyo yonke inyathelo lenkqubo.

I- Echocardiogram, uvavanyo lwe-echo, iskeni sentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, umsebenzi wentliziyo, i-echo engaphaya kwesifuba, i-echo engaphaya kwesisu, i-echo yoxinzelelo, uvavanyo lwentliziyo