Ngaba ufuna ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lentliziyo yakho ulivavanye? Masithethe ngale biopsy yentliziyo!

Usenokoyika kancinci xa usiva igama elithi "heart biopsy ." Kodwa eneneni luvavanyo oluxabisekileyo kakhulu olunokunceda ekufumaneni iingxaki ezithile zentliziyo. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngalo ngokweenkcukacha. Yintoni, ngubani oyidingayo, yenziwa njani, kwaye ingaba kukho naziphi na izinto ezixhalabisayo.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-biopsy yentliziyo?

Ngamafutshane, i-heart biopsy yinkqubo equka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili esisuka kwimisipha yentliziyo yakho uze usihlolisise. Le yinkqubo yokuxilonga esetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba siyintoni kanye kanye esi sifo. Cinga ngayo njengokuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lelaphu uze ujonge ukuba akukho nto ingalunganga na.

Isampuli yethishu ithunyelwa kwilebhu. Kukho ingcali apho, simbiza ngokuba yi-"pathologist". Nguye ojonga esi siqwenga sethishu yentliziyo phantsi kwe-microscope aze ajonge naluphi na utshintsho, umonakalo, okanye ukungaqheleki kwiiseli. Oku kusinceda sibone ukuba kukho ingxaki entliziyweni na.

Ngaba kukho amanye amagama alo mba?

Ewe, oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha basebenzisa amanye amagama. Usenokuba ukhe waweva la magama:

• `(I-Cardiac biopsy)` (I-Cardiac biopsy ) – "I-Cardiac" ikwathetha okunxulumene nentliziyo.
• `(I-Endomyocardial biopsy)` (I-Endomyocardial biopsy) – Igama elithi "Endo" lithetha ngaphakathi, kwaye elithi "myocardial" lithetha izihlunu zentliziyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ithathwe kumaleko angaphakathi ezihlunu zentliziyo.
• I-biopsy ye-myocardial - I-biopsy ethathwe ngqo kwimisipha yentliziyo.

Nokuba uthini na, intsingiselo iyafana novavanyo.

Ngubani ofuna i-biopsy yentliziyo?

Akuyena wonke umntu oya kufuneka enze oku, kodwa kukho iimeko ezithile ezikhethekileyo apho oku kubaluleke kakhulu.

Kwabo bafakelwe intliziyo (iHeart Transplant)

Khawucinge ukuba umntu utyandwe intliziyo entsha. Xa oko kusenzeka, olu tyando kufuneka lwenziwe rhoqo ukuze kubonwe ukuba umzimba uyala intliziyo entsha na ( ukulahlwa kwamalungu omzimba ). Eyona nto ingcono kukuba olu tyando lunokubona ukwaliwa ngaphambi kokuba lubonise naziphi na iimpawu. Kwaye ukuba luyenzeka, lunokufumanisa nokuba yintoni ebangele oko.

• Kwinqanaba lokuqala emva kokufakelwa intliziyo, oku kunokufuneka kwenziwe mhlawumbi kube kanye ngeveki.
• Emva koko, malunga nonyaka, ungakwenza kube kanye kwiiveki ezintandathu okanye kube kanye kwiinyanga ezintathu.

Chonga ezinye izifo zentliziyo

Ukongeza ekufakelweni kwentliziyo, le biopsy inceda ekuxilongeni ezinye izifo zentliziyo . Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• `(ATTR (transthyretin) amyloidosis)`: Okwenzekayo koku kukuba uhlobo oluthile lweproteni oluveliswa emzimbeni wethu luhlala entliziyweni luze lonakalise.
• `(I-Cardiomyopathy)` (I-Cardiomyopathy):Oku kubhekisa kwizifo ezenzeka kwimisipha yentliziyo. Umzekelo yi-"hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ", apho iindonga zentliziyo ziba nkulu kakhulu.
• Ubuthi bentliziyo: Amanye amayeza e-chemotherapy anokonakalisa intliziyo. Oku kwenziwa ukujonga loo monakalo.
• Umhlaza wentliziyo: Unqabile kakhulu, kodwa umhlaza ungavela nasentliziyweni.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo: Xa intliziyo iba buthathaka kwaye ingakwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo emzimbeni.
• Usulelo lwentliziyo: Umzekelo, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"myocarditis." Kule meko, izihlunu zentliziyo ziyavuvukala, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ziyadumba.
• I-Sarcoidosis : Esi sisifo apho ukudumba okuncinci (okufana namaqhuqhuva) kwenzeka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, kuquka nentliziyo.

Ngaba kukho abantu abangafuniyo ukwenza oku?

Nangona olu vavanyo luhlala lukhuselekile, lunokuba yingozi kwabanye abantu. Umzekelo, abantu abanezifo ezithile zevalvu yentliziyo basengozini enkulu kancinci yeengxaki. Ke ngoko, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze agqibe ukuba olu vavanyo lukulungele na.

Ngubani owenza olu biopsy lwentliziyo?

Oku kwenziwa yingcali yentliziyo . Uqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukwenza olu vavanyo. Inkqubo esetyenziswa koku ibizwa ngokuba yi-cardiac catheterization. Ngamafutshane, olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngokudlulisa ityhubhu encinci kakhulu, eguquguqukayo (catheter) ngemithambo yegazi iye entliziyweni.

Sifanele sizilungiselele njani ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-biopsy?

Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni wenze i-biopsy, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela oku kulandelayo:

• Ufanele uxelele ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza, iivithamini, kunye nezongezo ozisebenzisayo ngoku.
• Amanye amayeza, ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi, anokufuneka ayekiswe kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo.
• Uza kucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye ungaseli nantoni na (ngokuzila ukutya) kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuba kukho into ongayiqondiyo, buza kwakhona.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-biopsy?

Le nkqubo idla ngokuba yeyokunyanga ngaphandle kwesibhedlele, oko kuthetha ukuba ungagoduka ngaloo mini inye ngaphandle kokuhlala esibhedlele. Lonke olu nyango luthatha malunga neyure.

• Uza kunikwa iyeza lokuthomalalisa ukuze likuncede uphumle kwaye ulale kancinci.
• Kukwanikwa ne-anesthetic ukuze kuthintelwe indawo apho kwenziwa khona i-biopsy.
• Uvukile, kodwa akukho nto inokubangela ukukhathazeka ngayo, awuyi kuva ntlungu. Usenokuziva utyhalwa kancinci.
• Ungagoduka ngaloo mini emva kokuba uvavanyo lugqityiwe. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka umntu oza kukuqhuba akuyise ekhaya aze ahlale nawe okwethutyana ngelixa uphola.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-biopsy?

Xa ugqirha wakho esenza oku, ujonga imifanekiso yentliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi. Oku kwenziwa kusetyenziswa i-X-rays ye-fluoroscopy (i-X-ray ebonakala rhoqo) okanye i-transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) ( iskeni sentliziyo ).

Nantsi into eyenzekayo inyathelo ngenyathelo:

1. Ugqirha ufaka umbhobho omncinci (i-catheter) entliziyweni yakho ngomthambo omkhulu wegazi ongalweni okanye emlenzeni wakho.

2. Emva koko, ngaloo mbhobho, esinye isixhobo esincinci (i-'bioptome'), esifana ne-forceps encinci, sidluliselwa entliziyweni.

3. Kusetyenziswa i-"bioptome", iziqwenga ezincinci kakhulu (mhlawumbi ezincinci njengentloko yepini) zinqunyulwa kwimisipha yentliziyo.

4. Emva koko i-bioptome kunye neziqwenga zethishu ziyakhutshwa kwaye ithishu ithunyelwa kwilebhu ukuze ihlolwe.

5. Okokugqibela, susa i-catheter uze ufake ibhandeji yoxinzelelo ukuze uyeke ukopha.

Awuyi kuziva ungakhululekanga kangako xa konke oku kusenzeka.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphola emva kwe-biopsy?

Emva kokuba uvavanyo luphelile, abasebenzi bezonyango baza kukujonga ngokusondeleyo iiyure ezimbalwa ukuze babone ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki. Ngeli xesha, ii-X-ray zesifuba sakho ziya kuthathwa ukuze kujongwe naziphi na iingxaki ezifana nezi:

• I-Pneumothorax
• I-Hemothorax (ukuqokelelwa kwegazi phakathi kwemiphunga nodonga lwesifuba)

Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya, kufuneka uphephe ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima okanye ukwenza umsebenzi onzima kangangeeyure ezingama-24. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ukwazi ukuya emsebenzini kwaye wenze imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla ngokwesiqhelo ukususela ngosuku olulandelayo.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi koku?

Uvavanyo lwentliziyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-heart biopsy luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo.

• Iingxaki ezincinci zenzeka kwiimeko ezingaphantsi kwe-6%. Umzekelo, ukudumba okuncinci okanye ukopha kancinci kwindawo yombhobho. Ezi zihlala ziphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
• Iingxaki ezinkulu azifumaneki rhoqo, zingaphantsi kwe-1%. Nangona kunjalo, kulungile ukuqaphela iingxaki ezinokubakho. Ezi ziquka:
• Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo (i-Arrhythmia).
• Amahlwili egazi. La malungu anokwakheka emiphungeni (pulmonary embolism), kwimithambo yemilenze (deep vein thrombosis - DVT), okanye ebuchotsheni aze abangele isifo sohlangothi.
• Ukonakala okanye ukugqobhoka kwemithambo yegazi.
• Umphunga owileyo.
• Igazi elizalisa isifuba (iHemothorax).
• Usulelo okanye ukopha ngaphakathi kwindawo yovavanyo lwe-biopsy.
• Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo.
• Ukuphuma kwegazi kwintliziyo.
• Ukuvaleka okuncinci kwimiqondiso yombane yentliziyo (ibhloko yesebe yebhanti yasekunene).
• Ukubuyela umva kwegazi kukuhamba kwegazi ngasemva ngevalvu ye-tricuspid yentliziyo.

Musa ukoyika xa usiva ngezi ngozi. Ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe ngazo zonke ezi zinto. Amathuba okuba ezi zinto zenzeke mancinci kakhulu.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukufumana ingxelo?

Iziphumo zovavanyo lwentliziyo zihlala zifumaneka kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48, okanye malunga nosuku olunye okanye ezimbini . Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela iziphumo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphumo, kunokufuneka wenze olunye uvavanyo.

Ndifanele ndimfowunele nini ugqirha?

Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya emva kovavanyo lwe-biopsy, ukuba ufumana naziphi na ezi mpawu , kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko, okanye uye kwisibhedlele esikufutshane:

• Isiyezi.
• Ukuba ukubetha kwentliziyo kukhawuleza ngendlela engaqhelekanga, kucotha kakhulu, okanye kungaqhelekanga (Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga kunye nesantya sentliziyo).
• Ukuphefumla nzima okanye iingxaki zokuphefumla.
• Intlungu yesifuba, ukuziva uxinezelekile esifubeni (ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo)
• Iimpawu zestroke: Umzekelo, ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba, ukungakwazi ukuthetha, umlomo utsalwa kwelinye icala.
• Iimpawu zosulelo, ezinje ngomkhuhlane kunye nokugodola.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ekufuneka sizikhumbule koku?

Kulungile, masiphinde sichaze amanqaku abalulekileyo koko sithethe ngako.

• I-biopsy yentliziyo kukususwa kweqhekeza elincinci lezicubu entliziyweni ukuze lihlolwe.
• Olu luvavanyo olubalulekileyo , ngakumbi kwabo bafumana ukufakelwa kwentliziyo, ukujonga ukwaliwa kwayo kunye nokufumanisa ezinye izifo zentliziyo (ezifana ne-cardiomyopathy, umhlaza wentliziyo, kunye nosulelo) .
• Oku kwenziwa yingcali yentliziyo, esebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-"cardiac catheterization".
• Olu luvavanyo olunokwenziwa ngaphandle kokuhlala esibhedlele, kwaye ungaphila ngokukhawuleza.
• Nangona kukho iingozi ezincinci, oku kukhuselekile kakhulu.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuxelela ukuba wenze i-heart biopsy, ungoyiki ukuyenza, gcina olu lwazi engqondweni, thetha nogqirha wakho ngononophelo, kwaye ubuze nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo. Eli linyathelo elibalulekileyo kwimpilo yentliziyo yakho!

I - biopsy yentliziyo, i-biopsy yentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, uvavanyo lwezicubu zentliziyo, ukufakelwa kwentliziyo, ukuxilongwa kwesifo sentliziyo, ukufakwa kwe-catheter