Iqhawe elilawula ulwimi lwakho: Masifunde nge-Hypoglossal Nerve.

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemithambo-luvo ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha singayinaki kangako. Loo mithambo-luvo yimithambo-luvo ye-hypoglossal , elawula iintshukumo zolwimi lwethu. Le mithambo-luvo incinci yenza okungaphezulu kunokuba unokucinga. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni.

Yintoni i-hypoglossal nerve?

Ngamafutshane, i-hypoglossal nerve yakho ifana nesithunywa esikhethekileyo esihamba sisuka kwingqondo yakho siye kulwimi lwakho . Ngokuchanekileyo, yenye yee-pairs ezili-12 ze-cranial nerve entlokweni yakho. Ewe, kukho ii-pairs ezili-12 eziphambili ze-nerve ezidityaniswe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zentloko yakho. Iqala kwisiseko sobuchopho bakho, esibizwa ngokuba yi-brainstem. Emva koko ihamba entanyeni yakho, iphume amasebe, kwaye iqhagamshelane necala elingaphantsi kolwimi lwakho kunye nesiseko solwimi lwakho.

Igama elithi "hypoglossal" livela kumagama amabini esiGrike: elithi "hypo" elithetha "phantsi" kunye nelithi "glossal" elithetha "ulwimi." Ngoko ke, igama ngokwalo likuxelela apho oku kukhoyo, akunjalo?

Le yi -motor nerve . Oko kukuthi, ithwala imiyalezo esuka engqondweni ukuya kwimisipha ize iyenze ishukume. Ifana nentambo yombane, kodwa ayithwali mbane, ithwala imithambo-luvo.

Ngawaphi amanye amagama alo mthambo?

Ibizwa ngamanye amagama aliqela. Ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa la magama:

• Umthambo wentloko 12
• Umthambo we-12 we-cranial
• `(CNXII)` (Esi sisifinyezo esisetyenziswa ngoogqirha)

Yintoni umsebenzi we-hypoglossal nerve?

Khawucinge nje ukuba ulwimi lwakho lushukuma kangakanani xa uthetha, uginya ukutya, okanye usenza izandi ezahlukeneyo ngomlomo wakho! Umthambo we-hypoglossal unceda ukulawula zonke ezo ntshukumo .

Le mithambo-luvo inoxanduva olukhulu lokusivumela ukuba senze ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Yenza izandi ezahlukeneyo ngomlomo wakho (umzekelo, isandi esithi "klikha" esenziwe ngolwimi lwakho).
• Susa izinto ezingaphakathi emlonyeni, oko kukuthi, ukutya nokusela.
• Intetho (ulwimi lwethu lugoba lube ziimo ezininzi xa sithetha, akunjalo?).
• Ginya ukutya (ulwimi lunceda kakhulu ekuhambiseni ukutya emqaleni).

Khawuthelekelele indlela ebekuya kuba nzima ngayo kuthi ukuthetha nokutya ukuba le mithambo-luvo ibingasebenzi kakuhle!

Zeziphi izihlunu ezilawulwa yi-hypoglossal nerve?

Ulwimi lwakho alulo nje isihlunu esinye. Lunezihlunu ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwaye zidibene nalo. Umthambo we-hypoglossal ulawula ezi zihlunu:

• Izihlunu zeGenioglossus : Ezi zizihlunu ezityhala ulwimi lwakho phambili. Ezi zihlunu zisebenza xa ukhupha ulwimi lwakho ngaphandle.
• Isihlunu seHyagoglossusIzihlunu zeHyoglossus: Ezi zitsala ulwimi lwakho zize ziluthe tyaba.
• Izihlunu zangaphakathi : Ezi zizihlunu ezitshintsha imo yolwimi. Umzekelo, izinto ezinje ngokugoba nokuncipha kolwimi.
• Izihlunu zeStyloglossus : Ezi zishukumisa ulwimi lwakho phezulu nasezantsi.

Kungenxa yokuba zonke ezi zihlunu zisebenza kunye, ngokulungelelana, ukuba sikwazi ukwenza iintshukumo ezinzima ngolwimi lwethu.

Iphi indawo (ulwakhiwo) lwe-hypoglossal nerve?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, le mithambo-luvo iqala ezantsi kwengqondo, kufutshane nesiqu sobuchopho , kanye ngaphezulu komqolo wakho.

Ngaphambi kokuba ifikelele kulwimi, le nerve ihamba ngolu hlobo:

• Okokuqala ihamba ngentambo yomqolo ize iqhagamshelane nenethiwekhi entsonkothileyo yemithambo-luvo ebizwa ngokuba yi-cervical plexus . Le nethiwekhi yemithambo-luvo ilawula iimvakalelo kunye neentshukumo zentamo yakho kunye nomzimba.
• Emva koko ihamba entanyeni yakho, idlula kwimithambo yegazi ebalulekileyo (efana neCarotid Artery kunye neJugular Vein) .
• Iqala ngasemva komqala wakho iye ezantsi komlomo wakho, oko kukuthi, kumgangatho womlomo.
• Ekugqibeleni, apho, amasebe ayahlukana aze adibane nezihlunu ezilawula iintshukumo ezahlukeneyo zolwimi.

Ungayicinga indlela olu hambo lunzima ngayo olu loyiko luncinci?

Ziziphi iimeko ezichaphazela umsebenzi we-hypoglossal nerve?

Ngelishwa, izifo ezithile kunye neemeko zinokuphazamisana nomsebenzi we-hypoglossal nerve, nto leyo enokubangela ukungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yolwimi esiyixubushileyo ngaphambili.

Nazi ezinye zeemeko ezinjalo:

• I-Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) : Eyaziwa ngokuba sisifo sikaLou Gehrig, esi sisifo se-neuromuscular. Izihlunu ziya zisiba buthathaka kancinci kancinci. Njengoko isifo siqhubeka, umthambo we-hypoglossal usenokungakwazi ukunxibelelana kakuhle nengqondo.
• I-Encephalitis : I-Encephalitis yimeko apho ingqondo idumba, nokuba kungenxa yosulelo lobuchopho okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Xa ingqondo idumba, i-brainstem inokuvuvukala ize ibeke uxinzelelo kwi-hypoglossal nerve.
• Umhlaza weNtloko neNtlalo : Oku kubhekisa kumhlaza okhula emlonyeni, emqaleni, okanye kwezinye iindawo zentloko nentamo. Lo mthambo ungonakaliswa ngumhlaza ngokwawo okanye ngonyango lomhlaza (umz., utyando, unyango lwemitha).
• I-Apnea yokulala: Esi sisifo esinxulumene nokulala. Ukuphefumla kuyeka okwethutyana ngelixa ulele. I-hypoglossal nerve ilawula izihlunu ezingasemva komqala. Ukuba ezi zihlunu ziphumla kakhulu ngelixa ulele, ulwimi lunokubuyela umva luze luvale indlela yomoya.
• Istroke : Istroke yimeko apho ukuhamba kwegazi kwinxalenye yengqondo kuphazamiseka. Oku kunokubangelwa kukopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo okanye kukuvaleka komthambo wegazi. Ukuba ingqondo ayifumani gazi laneleyo, unxibelelwano phakathi kwemithambo-luvo ye-hypoglossal kunye nengqondo lunokuphazamiseka.
• Ukonzakala : Lo mthambo ungonakaliswa ziingozi ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngeengozi zeemoto, ukuwa, kunye neziganeko zobundlobongela. Kwezinye iingozi ezinkulu, lo mthambo ungohlulwa.

Iimpawu zoMngcipheko weNervosi ye-Hypoglossal

Ukuba i-hypoglossal nerve yakho yonakele, idla ngokuchaphazela icala elinye lolwimi lwakho . Ulwimi olukwicala elichaphazelekayo luba buthathaka. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izihlunu ezikwelo cala lolwimi zinokuphelelwa ngamandla, kwaye ekugqibeleni ulwimi lunokukhubazeka.

Oku kunokubangela ukuba ufumane ezi ngxaki zilandelayo:

• Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya (dysphagia)
• Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya
• Ubunzima bokuthetha (i-dysarthria)

Xa umonakalo wemithambo-luvo usenzeka ngenxa ye-ALS, umphezulu wolwimi unokubonisa iintshukumo ezingabonakaliyo nezishukumayo (ii-fasciculations). Ezi zifana nokushukuma okuncinci okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwemisipha.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ufumana intlungu engxamisekileyo neqatha entanyeni okanye entlokweni yakho kunye nezi mpawu, isenokuba yimeko yemithambo ye-carotid yangaphakathi eqhekekileyo. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kufuneka ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Uvavanywa njani umsebenzi we-hypoglossal nerve?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba imithambo-luvo yakho ayisebenzi kakuhle, uza kuqala enze uvavanyo olulula.

• Uza kuxelelwa ukuba ukhuphe ulwimi lwakho ngqo . Ukuba kukho umonakalo kwimithambo-luvo, ulwimi luza kutsalwa ecaleni elonakeleyo.
• Kwakhona, uza kuxelelwa ukuba ucinezele ulwimi lwakho ngaphakathi esidleleni sakho . Emva koko ugqirha uza kubeka isandla sakhe kwelinye icala lesidleleni sakho aze abone ukuba lungakanani na uxinzelelo oluphuma kulwimi lwakho.

Ukongeza kwezi mvavanyo zisisiseko, ezinye iimvavanyo zinokuyalelwa ukufumana unobangela:

• Iskeni se-MRI (iMagnetic Resonance Imaging - i-MRI) : Oku kujonga iimpawu zestroke okanye into efana nomhlaza wobuchopho.
• Ukubetheka komqolo/ukubhoboza emqolo : Oku kunokujonga iimpawu zomhlaza okanye usulelo.

Unyango oluqhelekileyo lwe-Hypoglossal Nerve Damage

Unyango lomonakalo wemithambo-luvo ngenxa ye-hypoglossal luxhomekeke kwisizathu somonakalo . Ugqirha wakho uza kuxoxa nawe ngale nto aze akhethe unyango olufanelekileyo.

Umzekelo:

• Kwi-ALS, amayeza kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango zinikezelwa ukulawula iimpawu kunye nokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.
• Umhlaza wentloko nentamo unokunyangeka ngotyando, unyango lwemitha, kunye/okanye i-chemotherapy.

Ndingayikhusela njani i-hypoglossal nerve yam?

Iingxaki ze-hypoglossal nerve zinokuchaphazela amandla akho okutya, ukuthetha, nokuginya. Ezinye izizathu, ezinje ngokwenzakala kunye neengxaki ezivela kutyando, kunzima ukuzithintela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba udinga utyando emlonyeni okanye emqaleni wakho, ukukhetha ugqirha onamava kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho.

Kwakhona, ukunyamekela impilo yakho iyonke kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo-luvo. Ezi zinto zinokunceda:

• Ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo esifana ne-ALS, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo ukuze ulawule isifo sakho .
• Istroke sinokuthintelwa ngokuphila ubomi obusempilweni (umz., ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, ukwenza umthambo, nokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi).
• Gcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni . Oku kunokukunceda ukuthintela ukuba i-sleep apnea ingakhuli okanye ibe mandundu ukuba unayo.
• Ukuba usebenzisa icuba, yeka ukutshaya kwaye unciphise utywala obuselayo. Zombini ezi zinto zinokunceda ekuthinteleni umhlaza wentloko nentamo.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha malunga neengxaki zemithambo-luvo ye-hypoglossal?

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu kwelinye okanye omabini amacala olwimi lwakho, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza:

• Ubunzima bokuthetha (i-aphasia okanye i-dysarthria) okanye ubunzima bokuginya (i-dysphagia).
• Imeko yokungazi nto (njengokungathi ulwimi alunangqondo).
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha (njengokungakwazi ukulawula ulwimi ngokufanelekileyo).
• Ukuziva intlungu okanye ukutsha .
• Ukungakwazi ukulungelelanisa iintshukumo (njengokungakwazi ukusebenzisa ulwimi).

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Asisoloko sicinga kakhulu nge-hypoglossal nerve, kodwa yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu. Yi-nerve esinceda sishukumise ulwimi lwethu, sithethe, siginye, kwaye sishukumise izinto emlonyeni wethu. Iimeko ezifana ne-stroke, umhlaza, kunye ne-ALS zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwale nerve. Ukuphila ubomi obusempilweni kunokuncedaEzi zezinye zezinto ezinokukunceda ukukhusela i-hypoglossal nerve yakho. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ezinxulumene nolwimi lwakho, kusoloko kububulumko ukuthetha nogqirha.

I- Hypoglossal nerve, i-lingual nerve, i-cranial nerve, ulawulo lolwimi, ubunzima bokuthetha, ubunzima bokuginya, izifo ze-neurological