Ngaba ubetheke entloko ndaweni ithile? Ngaba kufuneka sijonge ukuba ngaba yingxolo yentliziyo? Masifunde ngolu vavanyo!

Ngaba wakha wabetha entloko ngelixa udlala, ubaleka, utsiba, okanye uhleli nje? Kaloku, kuqhelekile kakhulu, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantwana abancinci kunye nabo badlala imidlalo. Ngamanye amaxesha ukudumba okuncinci kunokubonakala ngathi akukho nto inkulu. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka silumke ngakumbi malunga nokwenzakala okuthile entloko, okufana nokudumba . Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni ukudumba, zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo, kunye noko kufuneka sikwazi.

Yintoni i-concussion? Ngamafutshane...

Cinga ngentloko yakho njengekhokhonathi, ingqondo yakho ikhuselekile ngaphakathi. Kodwa ukuba ngequbuliso ubethe intloko yakho nzima ndaweni ithile, okanye ukuba intloko yakho ijijeke ngequbuliso phambili, ngasemva, okanye ecaleni ngenxa yokubethwa ngamandla emzimbeni, ingqondo engaphakathi kwentloko yakho ingashukuma kancinci. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-concussion, ukwenzakala okwethutyana, okuncinci engqondweni. Ukuchaneka, oogqirha bakubiza oku ngokuba kukwenzakala okuncinci kwengqondo (TBI). Oku kunokuphazamisa okwethutyana ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwengqondo.

Ndingayazi njani ukuba ndinesifo sokuxhuzula ingqondo?

Nantsi ingcamango ephosakeleyo eqhelekileyo. Oko kukuthi, ukuxhuzula kwenzeka kuphela xa ulahlekelwa zingqondo. Enyanisweni, uninzi lwabantu abanesifo sokuxhuzula abalahlekelwa zingqondo. Wena, umntwana wakho, okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe usenokuba nesifo sokuxhuzula kodwa ungazi nokuba kunjalo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuze uhlolwe, nokuba ucinga ukuba "kukwenzakala nje okuncinci."

Khawuthelekelele umntwana wakho omncinci ewa esitulweni aze abetheke entloko ngelixa edlala. Ukhala okwethutyana aze aphinde adlale. Usenokucinga, "Kulungile." Kodwa kungcono ukumjonga, njengoko ezinye iimpawu zinokuvela kamva.

Zithini iimpawu zokuxinwa yingqondo? Zilumkele ezi!

Iimpawu zokuxinwa yingqondo zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Ezinye zibonakala kwangoko emva kokwenzakala, ngelixa ezinye zinokubonakala kwiiyure okanye kwiintsuku kamva. Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziphambili onokuzibona:

• Intloko ebuhlungu: Olu lolona phawu luqhelekileyo.
• Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza: Usenokuziva ngathi isisu sakho siyashukuma kwaye usenokuziva ngathi uza kuhlanza.
• Ukudideka: Imeko yokudideka, efana nokuthi "Kwenzeke ntoni? Ndiphi?"
• Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo okwethutyana: Akwenzeki kubo bonke abantu, kodwa kunokwenzeka nakwabanye.
• Ukulahlekelwa kukulinganisela/ukuba nesiyezi/ukutyhafa: Usenokuziva "ngathi uyajikeleza", "ngathi uyangcangcazela nokuba umi".
• Iingxaki zokubona: Usenokubona izinto ngamacandelo amabini (ukubona kabini) okanye ubone izinto ngendlela engaqondakaliyo (ukubona okufipheleyo).
• Ukukhalisa ezindlebeni: Kuvakala ngathi sisandi "sokukhalisa...".
• Uvakalelo ekukhanyeni nakwisandi:Izibane zicimile, kwaye isandi sivakala siqatha kakhulu.
• Ukudinwa okanye ukozela: Ukuziva nje udiniwe, ulele.
• Utshintsho kwiindlela zokulala: Usenokulala ixesha elide okanye kancinci kunesiqhelo, okanye usenokungakwazi ukulala konke konke.
• Ubunzima bokuqonda kunye/okanye ukugxila: Kubonakala ngathi kukho into engahambi engqondweni yakho, kwaye kunzima ukugcina ingqondo yakho icinga ngento enye.
• Ukudakumba okanye usizi: Ukuziva nje ulusizi, uzive uphoxekile.
• Ukucaphuka, ukungazinzi, kunye nexhala: Ukucaphuka ngezinto ezincinci, uzive ngathi awuphilanga kakuhle.
• Ukuziva "ungalunganga" okanye "ukwinkungu": Kufana nokuba ingqondo yakho ayicingi, yonke into ayicacanga.
• Ubunzima bokugxila, ukulibala kunye/okanye ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.

Ukuba ufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu emva kokwenzakala entloko, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ufune ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ufanele uhlolwe nini ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula?

Ngamafutshane, ukuba ubetheka entloko ndaweni ithile, okanye ukuba intamo yakho ishukuma ngequbuliso ize ibangele impembelelo entlokweni yakho (njenge "Whiplash"), licebo elihle ukuba uvavanywe ukuze kubonwe ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula ingqondo na. Ezi mvavanyo zijonga "ukuqonda" kwakho, okuyindlela ingqondo yakho ecinga ngayo, indlela oqonda ngayo ulwazi, kunye nokukwazi kwakho ukukhumbula izinto ezinjalo.

Uvavanyo lwe-concussion sisixhobo esibalulekileyo esinceda oogqirha baqonde ukuba kukho i-concussion. Ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kunokunceda ukucwangcisa unyango olufanelekileyo kunye nokukhawulezisa ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Olu vavanyo luphinda luphindwe ngexesha lokuchacha ukuze kubonwe ukuba ingqondo iphilile kangakanani.

Uvavanyo lwe-concussion lujonga ntoni engqondweni?

Uvavanyo lwe-concussion luhlola imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yobuchopho. Eyona iphambili yile:

• Ukuphaphama: Hayi indlela ophaphame ngayo.
• Inkumbulo: Injani inkumbulo yexesha elifutshane nexesha elide?
• Ingqalelo kunye nokugxila: Ixesha onokuthi ugxile kwinto enye kwaye ucinge ngayo rhoqo.
• Isantya sokucinga nokusombulula iingxaki: Ngaba ungaziphendula imibuzo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ucinge ngezinto kakuhle?
• Ukukwazi ukukhumbula ulwazi.
• Umbono.
• Ukulinganisela kunye nokulungelelanisa.
• Ukucamngca.
• Ukuva.

Zithini iimvavanyo zokuxinwa yingqondo? Zenziwa njani?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zovavanyo lwe-concussion. Ezi zinokuba ziimibuzo ezilula kakhulu, uluhlu lokujonga iimpawu, njl. Ezinye zenziwa ngabaqeqeshi bezemidlalo kunye noogqirha, ngelixa ezinye zilawulwa zodwa.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Ezi zixhobo zokuvavanya ukungqubana kwamalungu omzimba azithathi indawo yovavanyo lwezonyango. Ukuba umdlali, ingakumbi umdlali oselula ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala, ufumana ukungqubana kwamalungu omzimba, akuyonto ilungileyo ukumbuyisela emdlalweni ngaloo mini inye. Kufuneka asuswe kumdlalo de ugqirha amhlole aze athi kukhuselekile ukudlala.

Nantsi eminye imizekelo:

Izixhobo zokuvavanya ukungqubana kwengqondo ezidumileyo

• Uvavanyo lwe-SAC (Standardized Assessment of Concussion): Olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya imeko yengqondo yabadlali, nokuba basebaleni okanye kwigumbi longxamiseko. Lubandakanya ukubabuza usuku nexesha, ukubacela ukuba bakhumbule amagama athile baze bawaphinde, nokubacela ukuba babize amanani athile kwelinye icala. Kuthatha malunga nemizuzu emi-5.
• I-SCAT 5 (Isixhobo soVavanyo lweNgxaki yeMidlalo 5): Olu luvavanyo oluneenkcukacha ngakumbi kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwe-13 ubudala. Ukongeza kumxholo wovavanyo lwe-SAC, lukwabandakanya izinto ezifana novavanyo lwentamo, uvavanyo lokulinganisela umzimba, kunye noluhlu lokuhlola iimpawu. Kukwakho nenguqulelo eyahlukileyo yabantwana abancinci (abaneminyaka eyi-6-12 ubudala).
• Uvavanyo lweKing-Devick: Oku kuquka ukufunda uthotho lwamanani avelisiweyo ngokungacwangciswanga kumakhadi. Oku kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqala komdlalo kwaye ixesha liyaphawulwa. Oku kwenziwa kwakhona emva kokwenzakala entloko. Ukuba kusemva kwemizuzwana emi-5 kunexesha elidlulileyo, kurhanelwa ukuba kukho ukuxhuzula kwengqondo.
• I-BESS (iNkqubo yokulinganisa iiMpazamo zeBalance): Le ndlela ilinganisa ibhalansi. Kufuneka ume uvale amehlo akho kwaye izandla zakho zisesinqeni sakho malunga nemizuzwana engama-20 kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kumphezulu ozinzileyo kunye nomphezulu ongazinzanga (umz. kwi-foam).
• I-ACE (Uvavanyo lwe-Acute Concussion): Esi sisixhobo esisetyenziswa ngoogqirha. Siqokelela ulwazi oluninzi, olufana nesizathu se-concussion, iimpawu (kukho uluhlu lwamanqaku angama-22), iingxaki zenkumbulo, i-concussion yangaphambili, kunye nezinye iimeko zonyango.
• I-ImPACT (Uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo emva kokuQonda kunye noVavanyo lokuqonda): Olu luvavanyo olusekelwe kwikhompyutha, ingakumbi kubadlali abaneminyaka engaphezu kwe-12 ubudala. Lulinganisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yobuchopho, efana nenkumbulo, ixesha lokuphendula, kunye nokuqatshelwa kwamanani.

Nokuba ezi mvavanyo zibonisa ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Ugqirha uza kwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba, ajonge umbono wakho kunye nokulinganisela kwakho, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-MRI okanye i-CT scan inokwenziwa ukujonga ukuba akukho nakuphi na ukopha ngaphakathi okanye ukukrweleka.Kwakhona, kukho uvavanyo lwegazi olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Brain Trauma Indicator". Olu vavanyo lulinganisa iiproteni ezimbini ezikhethekileyo eziqokelelana egazini xa kukho ukwenzakala okuncinci engqondweni. Ukuba ezi proteni zikhona, kunokuthiwa kukho ukopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo.

Zithini iimvavanyo zokuqala kunye nezomgca ongasecaleni kubadlali?

Oku kwenziwa kakhulu kubadlali bezemidlalo abakwizinga lesikolo. Abo badlala imidlalo echaphazela kakhulu bathatha uvavanyo lokuqala lokungqubana kwengqondo ngaphambi kokuqala kwesizini. Oku kulinganisa ukusebenza kwengqondo yabo ngokubanzi - izinto ezifana nenkumbulo, isantya sokucinga, kunye nengqalelo. Olu vavanyo lwekhompyutha lufana nomdlalo wevidiyo.

Ukuba umdlali wenzakele entloko ngexesha lomdlalo, uyasuswa kumdlalo kwaye olu vavanyo lwenziwa kwakhona. Emva koko singathelekisa iziphumo nesiseko sangaphambili ukuze sibone ukuba kukho umahluko na.

Uvavanyo lweSideline Concussion Vavanyo yenye indlela elula. Umdlali orhanelwa ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula usiwa ecaleni kwaye umsebenzi wobuchopho ujongwa. Imibuzo eqhelekileyo ebuzwayo ibandakanya:

• "Ngubani igama leqela elichasayo? Lithini inqaku?" (Jonga inkumbulo yexesha elifutshane)
• "Ndixelele igama lakho kunye nomhla wokuzalwa." (Jonga inkumbulo yexesha elide)
• "Zama ukubala iinyanga zonyaka kwelinye icala." (Umsebenzi onzima)

Kwakhona, akukho mdlali orhanelwa ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula ingqondo ofanele avunyelwe ukuba abuyele ekudlaleni ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha! Nangona ezi mvavanyo zinokubonelela ngolwazi oluthile, isigqibo sikagqirha sesona sibalulekileyo.

Ungenza uvavanyo oluncinci ekhaya?

Okokuqala, khumbula oku: Ngugqirha kuphela onokuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo ingxolo yesisu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntu omaziyo ubethe intloko yakhe (umzekelo, ukuba umntwana wakho uyawa ngelixa edlala, okanye ukuba umntu omdala uyawa), kukho izinto onokuzenza ukuze uqokelele ulwazi ngaphambi kokuba ubone ugqirha. Olu lwazi luya kuba luncedo kakhulu kugqirha.

Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokuzibuza kunye nezinto onokuzibona ngelo xesha:

• Buza umntu obethe intloko yakhe ngegama lakhe, indawo, ixesha, usuku, kunye nokuba kwenzeke ntoni.
• Bavumele babize igama elithi "ihlabathi" unobumba ngoonobumba. (Umzekelo: ಯ-ಕ-ಓ-ಲ)
• Buza ukuba unentloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, okanye isicaphucaphu .
• Mcele ukuba ajonge umnwe wakho aze abone ukuba uyawulandela na ngamehlo omabini. (Beka u-"X" omkhulu phambi kwakhe ngomnwe wakho.)
• Buza ukuba kukho na ukungaziva okanye ubuthathaka emzimbeni wakho .
• Jonga ukuba uyathintitha na xa ethetha okanye amazwi akhe akacacanga .
• Jonga ukuba amehlo akhe alingana na ngobukhulu, nokuba elinye likhulu/lincinci na .
• Phuma uye kubona ukuba akanangxaki na ngengxolo .
• Ngaba kukho utshintsho kwindlela aziphethe ngayo?Jonga ukuba uxhalabile, unomsindo, udidekile, okanye ulele ngaphezu kwesiqhelo.

Kodwa khumbula, akufuneki ufumanise ukuba kukho isifo sokuxhuzula ingqondo wedwa. Ukuba uzibethela entloko naphi na, nokuba kukwenzakala okuncinci, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Ugqirha uza kwenza uvavanyo ngokwenza uvavanyo lwakhe, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, askeni.

Zithini iziphumo zovavanyo? Wenza ntoni emva koko?

Uvavanyo ngalunye lokuxhuzula ingqondo lunenkqubo yokufumana amanqaku. Ugqirha uza kudibanisa ezi ziphumo zovavanyo, iimpawu zakho, kunye neziphumo zezinye iimvavanyo ukuze abone ukuba ngaba uxhuzula ingqondo.

Ukuba unesifo sokuqaqamba kwamalungu omzimba, ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe malunga "nesicwangciso sokuchacha." Ngokuqhelekileyo siquka izinto ezifana nezi:

• Lala kwaye uphumle ngcono kunesiqhelo. Kodwa akulunganga ukuhlala nje ungenzi nto, kuba oko kunokulibazisa ukuchacha.
• Chonga izinto ezibangela ukuba kubekho iimpawu zokuxhuzula. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, yeka oko ukwenzayo uze uphumle.
• Njengoko iimpawu zakho ziphela, buyela kancinci kancinci kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
• Ukuba umntu onesifo sokuxhuzula ingqondo ungumfundi, yenza isicwangciso sokuba uza kubuyela nini esikolweni (ngokuthetha nootitshala, abahlengikazi besikolo, kunye nabacebisi).
• Abaqeqeshi bezemidlalo kunye neenkqubo zesikolo okanye zentlangano zokuxinwa yimithetho kunye neenkqubo zokunyamekela umntu (ngokuqhelekileyo umfundi-umdlali) oye wenzakala entloko.

Ngaba masijonge amehlo? - Uvavanyo lwamehlo olubangelwa kukungqubana kwentliziyo

Inxalenye emnyama embindini wamehlo akho (siyibiza ngokuba yi-pupilpil) kufuneka ibe nobukhulu obufanayo kuwo omabini amehlo. Kwakhona, kufuneka ikhawuleze inciphe xa ukukhanya kuwabetha.

Uvavanyo olulula lokujonga ukuba kukho i-concussion kukubeka ithotshi elifipheleyo elisweni uze ulijonge. Ukuba iris ayikhuli ngokukhawuleza xa isabela ekukhanyeni, okanye ukuba iyakhula, inokuba luphawu lokwenzakala kwengqondo (umz., uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-intracranial - ICP). Ukuba iris ayiphenduli konke konke ekukhanyeni, inokuba luphawu lomonakalo omkhulu wengqondo.

Kwakhona, imo yomnwe omnyama weringi ibalulekile. Ngokwesiqhelo, kufuneka ibe yingqukuva. Ukuba inemilo yeqanda, oko kungaba luphawu lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Nangona ukuxhuzula kwengqondo kukwenzakala kancinci engqondweni, asinto ifanele ithathwe lula. Uvavanyo lokuxhuzula kwengqondo zizixhobo ezilula nezikhawulezayo ezinceda oogqirha ukuba baxilonge. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha abazisebenzisi ezi mvavanyo zodwa ukuze bafumanise ukuba kukho ukuxhuzula engqondweni na. Bakwaqhuba novavanyo olupheleleyo, kuquka nokuskena ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ukuba uxilongwa kwangethuba kwaye uyilawule kakuhle, ungaphila ngokukhawuleza kwaye uthintele umonakalo ongakumbi.

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Ngoko ke, ukuba ungena entlokweni naphi na, nokuba inkulu okanye incinci kangakanani, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubone ugqirha kwaye ufumane ingcebiso. Leyo yeyona nto ilungileyo yokhuseleko lwakho kunye nokuchacha ngokukhawuleza. Uyaqonda?

Ukungqubana kwentloko , ukwenzakala kwengqondo, ukwenzakala entloko, uvavanyo lokungqubana kwentloko, iimpawu, iimvavanyo zonyango, ukuchacha