Masifunde nje nge-posterior pituitary gland.

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba zingaphi iindawo ezincinci zomzimba wethu ezisebenza kangaka? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngendlala encinci kakhulu eyenza izinto ezininzi ezimangalisayo. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-pituitary gland. Ngokukodwa, siza kugxila kwinxalenye engasemva yendlala, i-"Posterior Pituitary".

Yintoni le pituitary gland? Yintoni ekhethekileyo ngenxalenye engasemva?

Ngamafutshane, i-pituitary gland yindlala encinci enobukhulu obufana ne-pea, ekwisiseko sobuchopho bethu, ngaphantsi kwe-hypothalamus. Yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu ye-endocrine. Khawuthelekelele, nangona incinci, ilawula uninzi lwee-hormones ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu.

Kukho iinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili zale gland ye-pituitary:

1. I-Anterior Lobe

2. I-Posterior Lobe - Yile nto sithetha ngayo namhlanje, ``i-Posterior Pituitary``.

I-pituitary gland ivelisa kwaye ikhuphe iihomoni ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, i- posterior pituitary ikhethekile. Igcina kwaye ikhuphe iihomoni ezimbini kuphela eziveliswa yi-pituitary gland xa kufuneka. Ezi homoni zimbini zezi:

• I-Oxytocin
• I-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), ekwabizwa ngokuba yiVasopressin.

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Ngoko ke yintoni le hypothalamus?" I-hypothalamus ikwayinxalenye yengqondo yethu. Ilawula izinto ezininzi, kubandakanya uxinzelelo lwegazi, isantya sentliziyo, ubushushu bomzimba, kunye nokugaya ukutya. Okumangalisayo kukuba, i-pituitary gland iqhagamshelwe kwi-hypothalamus ngesiqu esincinci. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yisiqu se-pituitary. Kungesi siqu apho i-hypothalamus ixelela i-pituitary gland, "Kulungile, khupha loo hormone ngoku."

Yintoni i-Endocrine System? Nceda ucacise kancinci.

Umbuzo omhle! Inkqubo ye-endocrine yinethiwekhi yamadlala emzimbeni wethu avelisa iikhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba zii-hormones aze azikhuphele ngqo egazini.

Iihormone zifana nezithunywa ezithwala imiyalezo emizimbeni yethu. Zihamba ngegazi zize zixelele amalungu ethu, ulusu, izihlunu, kunye nezinye izicwili zethu into ekufuneka siyenze kunye nexesha ekufuneka siyenze ngalo.

Iindlala kunye namalungu aphambili enza inkqubo yethu ye-endocrine zezi:

• I-Hypothalamus
• Indawo yolwimi lamathe
• I-thyroid gland `(I-Thyroid)`
• Iindlala zeParathyroid
• Iindlala ze-adrenal
• I-pineal gland
• I-Pancreas
• Amaqanda (kwabasetyhini)
• Amasende (amasende) (amadoda)

Zeziphi iihomoni ezikhutshwa yi-posterior pituitary gland? Zenza ntoni?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-posterior pituitary gland igcina kwaye ikhuphe iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeehomoni. Ezi homoni zenziwa yi-hypothalamus. Kodwa zigcinwa kwaye zikhutshwe xa zifuneka yi-posterior pituitary gland.

1. I-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) okanye iVasopressin:

• Le hormone ibaluleke kakhulu. Yile hormone enceda umzimba ukuba ufunxe amanzi afunekayo xa izintso zethu zihluza igazi. Ngamafutshane, i-ADH inceda ukulawula ulungelelwaniso lwamanzi emzimbeni wethu.

2. I-Oxytocin:

• Kwabasetyhini, inceda ekubelekeni ngokubangela ukuba isibeleko sinciphe ngexesha lokubeleka. Ikwavuselela amabele ukuba avelise ubisi. I-Oxytocin ikwachaphazela ubudlelwane phakathi komama nomntwana.
• Kumadoda, le hormone inokuchaphazela ubudlelwane phakathi kwabazali nabantwana. Ayipheleli apho, i-oxytocin ikwanceda ekutyhaleleni isidoda kunye nolwelo lwesidoda phambili ngexesha lokukhupha isidoda.

Ngoko ke yintoni umsebenzi oyintloko we-posterior pituitary?

Eyona nto iphambili kukugcina i-oxytocin kunye ne-antidiuretic hormone (ADH) kwaye uzikhuphe xa kuvela isignali evela kwi-hypothalamus. I-hypothalamus ithumela ezi signali ngemiqondiso yemithambo-luvo evela kwisiqu se-pituitary esithethe ngaso ngaphambili.

I-Posterior Pituitary inxulumene njani nezinye izitho zomzimba?

Eli libali elinomdla kakhulu. I-posterior pituitary iqhagamshelwe ngqo kwi-hypothalamus. Kuba i-hypothalamus yenza i-oxytocin kunye ne-ADH kwaye ibaxelela ukuba mabazikhuphe nini.

Ukwengeza:

• I-Oxytocin isebenza kwisibeleko, kumabele (amabele), kunye ne-vas deferens kumadoda.
• I-ADH (i-antidiuretic hormone) isebenza kakhulu kwizintso zethu.

Iphi i-posterior pituitary? Ingakanani?

I-pituitary gland ikwisiseko sobuchopho bethu, ngasemva kwebhulorho yempumlo yethu, ngqo ngaphantsi kwe-hypothalamus. Ikwindawo encinci exineneyo kwithambo le-sphenoid. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiSella Turcica.

I-pituitary gland yonke inobukhulu obufana ne-pea, malunga ne-1/3 ye-intshi. I-posterior pituitary yinxalenye ye-gland ejonge ngasemva. Incinci kune-anterior pituitary. I-anterior pituitary ithatha malunga ne-80% yobunzima be-pituitary gland yonke.

Ziziphi izifo kunye neemeko eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nePosterior Pituitary?

Iingxaki eziphambili ezinokubakho kwi-posterior pituitary kukukhutshelwa kakhulu okanye ukukhutshelwa kancinci kwe-oxytocin okanye i-antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Uninzi lwezi meko azixhaphakanga. Kwakhona, iithumba zinokuchaphazela i-posterior pituitary gland, kodwa nazo azixhaphakanga. Iithumba ze-pituitary zihlala zikhula kwi-anterior pituitary gland.

Ukukhupha kancinci i-hormone yokulwa ne-diuretic (ADH)

Oku kubangelwa kukwehla kwemveliso ye-ADH kwi-hypothalamus okanye ukwehla kokukhululwa kwe-ADH kwi-pituitary gland. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa kukonakala kwe-hypothalamus okanye kwi-posterior pituitary. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Kwezinye iimeko, unobangela awaziwa.

Xa amanqanaba e-ADH esezantsi kunesiqhelo, izintso azikwazi ukufunxa amanzi amaninzi kangangoko ziwadingayo. Oku kubangela ukuba kukhutshwe amanzi amaninzi kumchamo (umchamo uba mdaka), kunciphisa ubungakanani bamanzi egazini kwaye kwandise uxinaniso lwawo.

Ukunqongophala kwe-ADH kunokukhokelela kwingxaki engaqhelekanga yemetabolism yamanzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI". Oku akufanele kudibaniswe ne-"Diabetes Mellitus", njengoko ezi zimbini zahlukile ngokupheleleyo. I-CDI inokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo.

Iimpawu ze-CDI zezi:

• Ukuchama rhoqo `(Polyuria)`
• Ukoma kakhulu (i-Polydipsia)
• Ukudinwa (ukuphakama izihlandlo ezininzi ebusuku ukuze uchame)
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni

Ukukhupha kakhulu i-hormone yokulwa ne-diuretic (ADH)

Oku kubangelwa kukwanda kwemveliso ye-ADH kwi-hypothalamus okanye ukwanda kokukhululwa kwe-ADH kwi-posterior pituitary. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion - SIADH)`. Xa ubungakanani be-ADH busanda, umzimba ugcina amanzi amaninzi kakhulu. Emva koko umchamo uba mkhulu kakhulu, kwaye igazi liba namanzi amaninzi kwaye linciphe.

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba amanqanaba e-SIADH kunye ne-ADH anokunyuka. Ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Amayeza athile (umz., amanye amayeza esifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini, amayeza esifo sokuwa)
• Utyando olwenziwe phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele
• Iingxaki zobuchopho (ukwenzakala, usulelo, isifo sohlangothi)
• Utyando lobuchopho olubandakanya i-hypothalamus

Iimpawu zokunyuka kwamanqanaba e-ADH zihlala zibangelwa kukwehla kwamanqanaba esodium egazini. Iimpawu zesodium egazini ziquka:

• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Intloko ebuhlungu (intloko ebuhlungu)
• Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi (mhlawumbi ukuwa)
• Utshintsho lwengqondo (ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo)

Ukukhupha i-Oxytocin kancinci

Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu.Xa amanqanaba e-oxytocin ehla ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo, isibeleko siyayeka ukufinyela kunye nokuncipha kobisi ngexesha lokubeleka. Nangona kungaqhelekanga, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yile meko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Panhypopituitarism." Oku kwenzeka xa amanqanaba azo zonke iihomoni kwi-pituitary gland esezantsi kunesiqhelo.

Ukukhupha i-Oxytocin kakhulu

Oku nako kunqabile kakhulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-oxytocin toxicity. Xa amanqanaba e-oxytocin ephezulu kunesiqhelo, isibeleko sisebenza kakhulu. Ubunzima bemisipha yesibeleko buyanda (hypertrophy), kwaye akukho sithuba saneleyo semveku esibelekweni, nto leyo enokuthintela ukukhulelwa.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimvavanyo ezinokujonga impilo ye-posterior pituitary gland yam?

Ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene neengxaki kwi-posterior pituitary gland, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ukuba kuvavanywe amanqanaba e-ADH kunye/okanye e-oxytocin.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-ADH lunokunceda ekuchongeni ukungabikho okanye ukugqithisileyo kwe-ADH kunye nokufumana unobangela.
• Amanqanaba akho e-oxytocin anokuvavanywa kwiincindi ezahlukeneyo, ezifana namathe, igazi, iplasma, umchamo, kunye nolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal.

Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo aziqhelekanga, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo lomfanekiso, olufana ne-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), ukuze kujongwe i-pituitary gland yakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-`(Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI)` okanye `(Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion - SIADH)`, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho.

Khumbula, uninzi lweengxaki zempilo ezinxulumene neengxaki zepituitary yangasemva azixhaphakanga. Kodwa ukuba uneempawu ezintsha okanye ezixhalabisayo, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha. Banokwenza uvavanyo olulula ukuze bajonge impilo yakho.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule kwizinto esithethe ngazo (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda kakuhle le nxalenye incinci kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Posterior Pituitary" esithethe ngayo namhlanje. Ngamafutshane:

• I-posterior pituitary yinxalenye engasemva ye-pituitary gland engqondweni yethu.
• Igcina kwaye ikhuphe iihomoni ezimbini ezibizwa ngokuba yi-oxytocin kunye ne-antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Ezi homoni ziveliswa yi-hypothalamus.
• I-ADH inceda ekulawuleni ibhalansi yamanzi emzimbeni wethu .
• I-Oxytocin ibalulekile ekuzaleni, ekuncanciseni, nasekuhlanganiseni abantu .
• Ukuguquguquka kwezi hormones kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo (nangona zinqabile) ezifana ne-"Central Diabetes Insipidus - CDI" kunye ne-"SIADH".
• Ukuba uneempawu ezingaqhelekanga, kububulumko ukufuna ingcebiso kugqirha.

Imizimba yethu iyamangalisa ngokwenene, akunjalo? Kuyamangalisa ukucinga ukuba mkhulu kangakanani umsebenzi onokwenziwa ngenxalenye encinci kangaka!

I- pituitary gland, i-posterior pituitary, iihomoni, i-oxytocin, i-antidiuretic hormone, i-ADH, inkqubo ye-endocrine