Yintoni i-anus? Masifunde ngokubaluleka kwayo neengxaki zayo ngendlela elula!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngelungu elibaluleke kakhulu lomzimba wethu, nelinzima ngamanye amaxesha ukuthetha ngalo, kodwa ekufuneka siliqaphele ngokuqinisekileyo. Leyo yi-anus, okanye inxalenye esiyibiza ngokuba yi-anus ngesiNgesi. Ukukwazi oku kakuhle kuya kukunceda uphephe izifo ezininzi kwaye, ukuba kuvela ingxaki, yiqonde ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufune unyango.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-anus?

Ngamafutshane, i-anus yakho yinxalenye yokugqibela yamathumbu akho amakhulu. Cinga ngayo njengesiphelo sendlela ende apho ukutya esikutyayo kuhamba khona. Ihlala imalunga neesentimitha ezintathu ukuya kwezine ubude. Kulapho amathumbu akho amakhulu avulekela khona ngaphandle, oko kuthetha ukuba indle yakho iphuma ngale ndlela.

Kwi-anus, ulwelo olubhityileyo lwamathumbu amakhulu, olubizwa ngokuba yi-mucosa, luyatshintsha kancinci lube lusu oluqhelekileyo. Olu lujikelezwe ziingqimba ezimbini eziqinileyo, ezifana nesangqa zemisipha. Sizibiza ngokuba zii-sphincters. Zifana nezihluthulelo ezimbini emnyango. Ezi sphincters zigcina i-anus ivaliwe kakuhle de indle iphume, nto leyo ekuthintela ukuba uphume ngaphandle kokulawula.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-anus kunye ne-rectum?

Usenokuba ukhe waliva negama elithi (Rectum). Musa ukubhidanisa ezi zinto zimbini. (Rectum) yinxalenye yamathumbu akho amakhulu ngaphezulu nje kwe-anus. Inobude obumalunga nee-intshi ezintlanu okanye ezintandathu. Ngamafutshane, (Rectum) yindawo yokugcina apho indle iqokelelana khona.

Xa i-rectum yakho igcwele indle, imithambo-luvo apho ithumela umyalezo engqondweni yakho, ithi, "Lixesha lokuya kwindlu yangasese." Kulapho uziva unqwenela ukwenza intshukumo yokuhambisa isisu. Ngeli xesha, i-sphincter yangaphakathi ye-anal iphumla ngokwendalo, oko kukuthi, ngaphandle kolawulo lwakho. Nangona kunjalo, ungayilawula i-sphincter yangaphandle. Oko kukuthi, kungenxa yolawulo lwale sphincter yangaphandle ukuba ukwazi ukubamba indle yakho ude ube kwindawo efanelekileyo. Uyaqonda?

Zithini imisebenzi ye-anus?

Umsebenzi ophambili we-rectum kukuncedisa kwinkqubo yokukhupha indle. Ayisiyo nje umngxuma. Yindawo enzima kakhulu.

• Isaziso kunye nolawulo: Imithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha ejikeleze i-anus zisebenza kunye njengeqela. Ngabo bakuxelelayo xa kufuneka wenze intshukumo yamathumbu. Bakwakunceda ukubamba intshukumo yamathumbu akho ude ufumane ithuba lokuya kwindlu yangasese.
• Ukunceda ngokuhambisa isisu: Xa ulungele ukuhambisa isisu, le mithambo-luvo kunye nezihlunu ziyafinyela kwakhona, zinceda ekutyhaleni isitulo siphume emzimbeni.
• Ukuthambisa: Ulwelo lwe-mucous lwe-rectum lukhupha into efana ne-mucus. Le mucus yenza indlela ye-mucus ibe tyibilizi, ivumela i-mucus ukuba idlule ngokulula kwaye ingenantlungu.

Yintoni i-anatomy ye-anus?

Oku kuyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, kodwa ndiza kuyenza lula. Udonga lwangaphakathi lwe-rectum lunee-folds, okanye ii-folds, ezihamba ngokuthe nkqo ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi. Ezi zahlula i-rectum zibe ziinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili, ezona ziphezulu nezisezantsi.

Ezi nduli zibizwa ngokuba ziikholamu zempundu. Phakathi kwazo kukho imijelo emincinci ebizwa ngokuba zii-anal sinuses. Ngaphakathi kwezi anal sinuses kukho amadlala avelisa i-mucus endikhankanyileyo ngaphambili. Ekupheleni kwezi sinuses kukho imigobo emincinci ebizwa ngokuba zii-anal valves. Ezi valves ziphawula umgca apho ulwelo lwe-mucous luqala ukuba buthelezi, olubizwa ngokuba yi-pectinate line okanye i-dentate line.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba imithambo yegazi kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ehambisa igazi kwiindawo eziphezulu nezisezantsi ze-anus zahlukile kumgca we-pectinate. Yiyo loo nto inxalenye esezantsi ye-anus, oko kukuthi, isibini kwisithathu esingaphantsi komgca we-pectinate, inovelwano kakhulu kwiintlungu kunye nezinye iimvakalelo. I-sphincters yangaphakathi neyangaphandle ye-anal nayo inikwa imithambo-luvo ngokwahlukileyo. Yiyo loo nto engaphakathi (ngokunganyanzelekanga), oko kukuthi, asinakuyilawula, isebenza, kwaye engaphandle (ngokuzithandela), oko kukuthi, sinokuyilawula.

Ziziphi izifo kunye neengxaki eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela i-anus?

I-rectum yindawo enokuba sesichengeni sezifo ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge ezimbalwa zazo.

• IiHemorrhoids: Le yingxaki eqhelekileyo abantu abaninzi abajongene nayo. Ngamafutshane, iihemorrhoids zimithambo yegazi evuvukileyo kwi-anus okanye i-rectum. Zifana nomthambo onamaqhina. Ukuba zingaphezulu komgca we-pectinate, zibizwa ngokuba zii-hemorrhoids zangaphakathi, kwaye ukuba zingaphantsi kwawo, zibizwa ngokuba zii-hemorrhoids zangaphandle. Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nobunzima ngexesha lokuhamba kwamathumbu kunye nokuqunjelwa ixesha elide.
• Ukuqhekeka kwempundu: Oku kukukrazuka okuncinci okanye umngxuma eluswini oluthambileyo ngaphakathi kwimpundu. Cinga ngako njengokuqhekeka ekhoneni lomlomo wakho. Oku kunokubangela iintlungu eziqatha, ingakumbi ngexesha lokuhamba kwamathumbu, kunye nokopha okuthile .
• Usulelo lwemvubelo yempundu: Ngamanye amaxesha, uhlobo lwemvubelo ebizwa ngokuba yiCandida lunokubangela usulelo kwimpundu nakwindawo engqongileyo (ummandla we-perianal). Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yiCandidiasis. Iimpawu eziphambili kukurhawuzelela kunye nentlungu.
• Izifo ezidluliselwa ngeempundu: Ukwabelana ngesondo ngeempundu ezingakhuselekanga kunokukhokelela kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo (ii-STI) ezichaphazela impundu. Imizekelo ibandakanya iChlamydia, iGenital Herpes, ii-Anal warts ezibangelwa yiHuman Papillomavirus (HPV), iSyphilis, iGonorrhea, iHepatitis A, iHepatitis B, kunye neHIV.
• Ithumba eliphuma empundu/i-fistula empundu:I-gland ekwi-anus evelisa i-mucus ngamanye amaxesha inokuvaleka kwaye yosuleleke. Oku kunokubangela ukuba kubekho ithumba phantsi kolusu. Emva kokuba eli thumba linyangwe ngamayeza okanye ngotyando oluncinci, kwiimeko ezingaphezu kwama-50%, indlela engaqhelekanga (i-anal fistula) inokukhula ukusuka kwi-gland iye eluswini. Le yimeko enzima kancinci.
• I-anal stenosis: I-stenosis kukuncitshiswa kombhobho emzimbeni wethu. Izicwili ezinamaqabunga zinokwakheka ngaphakathi kwi-anus ngenxa yokwenzakala, utyando lwangaphambili, okanye isifo, nto leyo eyenza indlela yendle ibe mxinwa.
• Ukukhubazeka kwe-Anorectal: Le yimeko ekhoyo xa kuzalwa . Abanye abantwana bazalwa bene-anus engakhekanga kakuhle okanye engekho kwaphela. Kwimeko enjalo, kunokufuneka utyando olubizwa ngokuba yi-anoplasty ukuze lulungiswe.
• Ukuthulula indle nge-Dyssynergic: Le meko yenzeka xa izihlunu kunye nemithambo-luvo ekuncedayo ukuba uphume esitulweni ingasebenzi kakuhle. Kufana ne-clutch kunye negiya emotweni ezingasebenzi kakuhle xa utshintsha iigiya. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-dysynergic defecation.
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba empundu: Xa izihlunu ze-sphincter kwimpundu ziba buthathaka okanye zonakele, unokufumana ukuvuza kwendle ngokungazi. Oku kunokwenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo.
• Umhlaza wempundu: Olu luhlobo olwahlukileyo lomhlaza kunomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu okanye umhlaza wempundu. Uninzi lomhlaza oluvela kumjelo wempundu loluhlobo olubizwa ngokuba yi-squamous cell carcinoma.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, akuthethi ukuba unesifo. Nangona kunjalo, kububulumko ukubona ugqirha ukuze akuhlole.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokubonisa ingxaki yerectum?

Ukuba uneengxaki zempilo ezinxulumene ne-rectum yakho, unokufumana ezi mpawu. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi, nceda ubone ugqirha.

• Intlungu yempundu: Oku kunokuvakala ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, njengobuhlungu obungathandekiyo, intlungu ngexesha lokuhamba kwamathumbu, okanye intlungu xa uhleli.
• Izilonda ezimpundu: Usenokubona izinto ezifana neentsumpa, ubomvu, amadyungudyungu, amaqhuqhuva amancinci, kunye nemingxunya eluswini ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kwempundu.
• Ukurhawuzelelwa yimpundu: Olu luphawu olucaphukisayo kakhulu. Lunokubangelwa yi-allergy okanye usulelo.
• Ukopha empundu: Usenokubona igazi esitulweni sakho okanye kwiphepha lendlu yangasese xa usiya kwindlu yangasese. Ngamanye amaxesha unokuziva negazi xa uhlamba. Oku kukopha kusenokuba buhlungu okanye kungabi buhlungu.
• Ukuphuma kolwelo oluphuma empundu: Ukuba into efana ne-mucus okanye i-pus iphuma kunye nendle, okanye ukuba ingcolisa impahla yakho yangaphantsi, oko kungaba luphawu lokugula.
• Ubunzima bokuhambahamba kwesisu: Ubunzima bokuphuma kwesisu, ukutsala nzima ixesha elide, okanye ukungakwazi ukulawula ukuhambahamba kwesisu kunokubangelwa ziingxaki zemisipha okanye imithambo-luvo ekwi-rectum.

Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluyenziwa ngoogqirha ukujonga impilo yerectum?

Ukuba ugqirha ucinga ukuba unengxaki emqolo, banokwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze bafumane unobangela:

• Uvavanyo lweDijithali lweRectal (DRE): Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha wakho ufaka umnwe ogqunywe ngeglavu, othanjiswe kwirectum yakho ukuze ahlole i-anus kunye nerectum yakho. Oku kunokunceda ekufumaneni naziphi na iziqwenga ezingaqhelekanga okanye iindawo ezibuhlungu.
• I-Anoscopy: Oku kuquka ukufaka isixhobo esincinci esifana netyhubhu esibizwa ngokuba yi-anoscope kwi-anus ukuze sijonge ngqo ngaphakathi komjelo we-anal. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kwenziwa ngelensi yokukhulisa.
• I-Barium enema: Olu luvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwe-X-ray olujonga inkqubo yesisu. Kule nto, ulwelo olumhlophe olubizwa ngokuba yi-barium lufakwa kwi-rectum njenge-enema. I-barium yenza amathumbu abonakale kwimifanekiso ye-X-ray. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngaphakathi kwamathumbu amakhulu, i-rectum, kunye ne-anus. Oku kwenziwa kusetyenziswa indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi-fluoroscopy, efana ne-X-ray yevidiyo ephilayo.
• I-Defecography: Olu luvavanyo lwe-X-ray. Oku kuquka ukurekhoda inkqubo (i-X-ray) njengoko ukhupha inkunkuma. Isetyenziselwa ukubona iingxaki zoomatshini okanye zokusebenza ezenzeka ngexesha lokukhupha inkunkuma.
• I-anorectal manometry: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa amandla okucutheka kwemisipha ye-rectal, uvakalelo lwe-rectal, impendulo yemithambo-luvo, kunye nolawulo lwemisipha.
• I-Electromyogram (EMG): Uvavanyo lwe-EMG lulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wezihlunu. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kukho ubuthathaka okanye iingxaki zemithambo-luvo kwimisipha ye-sphincter.

Ndingayigcina njani i-rectum yam iphilile?

Kulungile, singaligcina njani eli lungu libalulekileyo elibizwa ngokuba yi-rectum liphilile? Nazi ezinye iingcebiso:

1. Ukuziqhelanisa nesondo esikhuselekileyo: Zikhusele kwizifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI). Ukusebenzisa iindlela zokuzikhusela ezifana neekhondom ngexesha lesondo lempundu kunye nokusebenzisa i-lubrication ukuba kuyimfuneko kunokunceda ukuthintela umonakalo kwizicubu zempundu.

2. Ukutya ukutya okutyebileyo kwifayibha:Iinkozo ezipheleleyo, imifuno, iziqhamo, kunye neembotyi zinika imizimba yethu inani elaneleyo lefayibha yokutya. Le fayibha inceda ekunciphiseni ukuhamba kwamathumbu, ithambise isitulo, kwaye ithintele ukuqhinwa.

3. Ukuziqhelanisa nococeko oluthambileyo: Kubalulekile ukuhlamba nokucoca kakuhle emva kokuhlamba. Nangona kunjalo, musa ukusebenzisa isepha eziqinileyo okanye iiwipes ezine-alcohol rhoqo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ulusu kunye ne-mucosa ejikeleze i-anus zibuthathaka kakhulu. Izinto ezirhabaxa zingonakalisa ukhuselo lwayo lwendalo, zibangele iingxaki ezifana nokurhawuzelela, ukoma, kunye nokuqhekeka.

4. Ukuthabatha iimpawu nzulu: Ukuba ubona into engaqhelekanga kwimpundu yakho, njengentlungu, ukurhawuzelelwa, okanye ukopha, musa ukucinga nje ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo. Musa ukuba neentloni. Bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko uze ufumane iingcebiso nonyango olufunekayo.

Izinto ekufuneka sizikhumbule kweli bali (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masikukhumbuze ngezinto ezimbalwa esithethe ngazo namhlanje esicinga ukuba zibalulekile kuwe:

• Impundu yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomzimba wethu esinceda sikhuphe inkunkuma, sikhuphe inkunkuma emzimbeni, kwaye isikhusele kwiintsholongwane zangaphandle.
• Iimeko ezifana nee-hemorrhoids, imifantu yempundu, usulelo olwahlukeneyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umhlaza zinokuchaphazela le ndawo.
• Ukuba unentlungu, ukurhawuzelelwa, ukopha, isilonda, iqhuma, ukukhupha okungaqhelekanga, okanye utshintsho okanye ubunzima ekuthuthweni kwakho , musa ukulibala.
• Ukutya okune-fiber eninzi, imikhwa yococeko ethambileyo nefanelekileyo, kunye nesondo esikhuselekileyo zenza lukhulu ekugcineni impilo ye-rectum.
• > Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo malunga noku, yibeke ecaleni intloni kunye noloyiko lwakho kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ubone ugqirha ukuze akunike iingcebiso. Impilo yakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba ufunde into elula necacileyo malunga nempundu. Ukuzazi izinto ezinje kubaluleke kakhulu kubomi obusempilweni.

` Impundu, ii-hemorrhoids, indle, iintlungu zempundu, ukopha kwempundu, inkqubo yokwetyisa, impilo