Ingaba igazi lakho liyajika ngokukhawuleza? Okanye kancinci kancinci? Masifunde ngovavanyo lwe-PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time)!

Molo! Unjani? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngovavanyo lwegazi olunokuba lutsha kancinci kubantu abaninzi, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha lubaluleke kakhulu. Olu lubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-PTT, okanye ngokupheleleyo, uvavanyo lwe-`(Partial Thromboplastin Time)`. Ngaba wakha weva ngeli gama? Mhlawumbi ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba wenze oku. Okanye mhlawumbi umntu kusapho lwakho ukwenzile. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto namhlanje ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-PTT? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, olu vavanyo lwe-PTT luvavanyo lwegazi olulinganisa ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba igazi lakho lijiye . Khawuthelekelele, xa unenxeba elincinci, igazi elincinci liya kuphuma lize lime. Oko kuphuma kwegazi kuyayeka kuba igazi liyajiya. Ukuze le nkqubo yokujiya kwegazi yenzeke ngokufanelekileyo, iiproteni ezininzi ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni wethu, ezibizwa ngokuba zizinto ezijiya igazi , kufuneka zisebenzisane. Kufana neqela elisebenzisanayo. Ukuba kukho ingxaki ngayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto, iya kuchaphazela yonke inkqubo yokujiya kwegazi, oko kuthetha ukuba ixesha elithathayo ukuze igazi lijiye linokutshintsha.

Olu vavanyo ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba yi-`aPTT` (`(ixesha le-thromboplastin elisebenzayo)`). Oku kungenxa yokuba ilebhu yongeza inani elincinci lento kwisampulu yegazi lakho enceda ukuqhekeka kwegazi. Kulapho ke igama elithi `activated` livela khona.

Olu vavanyo lwe-PTT lunokujonga ukuba uninzi lwezinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi zisebenza njani. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye izinto ezingenakujongwa lolu vavanyo. Kukho uvavanyo olwahlukileyo lokujonga ezi, olubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-PT (uvavanyo lwexesha le-Prothrombin okanye uvavanyo lwe-PT). Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bayalela zombini ezi mvavanyo ukuze bafumane umfanekiso opheleleyo wendlela igazi lakho elijiya ngayo.

Yintoni kanye kanye le PTT test elinganiswa ngayo?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, uvavanyo lwe-PTT lujonga ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba igazi lakho lijiye . Oko kuthetha ukuba lilinganiswa ngemizuzwana.

Ukongeza, oku kungasinika umbono wezinye izinto ezininzi:

• Ubungakanani bezinto ezithile ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi egazini lakho.
• Nokuba ezo zinto zisebenza kakuhle okanye azisebenzi kakuhle.

Cinga ngale ndlela: ukujiya kwegazi kufana netyathanga. Ukuba ikhonkco elinye likhululekile, lonke ityathanga aliyi kusebenza kakuhle. Kunjalo ke ngale nto.

Luqhutywa nini uvavanyo lwe-PTT?

Ngoku mhlawumbi ucinga, "Kulungile, oku malunga nexesha lokujiya kwegazi. Ngoko ke, ugqirha angayalela nini i-PTT?" Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:

• Ukuba igazi lakho lijika ngokukhawuleza okanye libonakala lijika kancinci kakhulu .
• Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unehlwili legazi emthanjeni wegazi.
• Ukuba uhlala uphuma igazi ngaphandle kwesizathu(Umzekelo, ukopha empumlweni, ukopha kweentsini) okanye ukukrweleka nje emzimbeni.
• Ukuba ungumfazi, udla ngokuba nezisu eziphunyeziweyo .
• Ukuba unesifo sesibindi . Kuba isibindi sivelisa uninzi lwezi zinto zokujiya kwegazi.
• Ngaphambi kokuba wenze naluphi na utyando okanye olunye unyango , jonga ukuba unengxaki yokopha na.
• Ukuba uthatha isithambisi segazi esibizwa ngokuba yi-heparin , qiniseka ukuba idosi ifanelekile kuwe. I-heparin eninzi inokubangela ukopha, kwaye incinci kakhulu inokubangela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Ukuba ugqirha wakho ufuna ukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi kanye kanye into ebangela ukujiya kwegazi okanye ingxaki yokopha,

Kukwiimeko ezinje apho ugqirha agqiba kwelokuba enze uvavanyo lwe-PTT.

Olu vavanyo lwe-PTT lwenziwa njani elabhoratri?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kwilebhu emva kokuba sithathe igazi kuwe. Oku kuyinyani ngokwesayensi, kodwa ndiza kukugcina kulula.

1. Okokuqala, bahlula kuphela inxalenye abayidingayo kuvavanyo, iplasma , kwisampulu yegazi abayithatha kuwe.

2. Emva koko, kongezwa i-activator kwi-plasma. Yiyo le nto inceda ukuba ihlwili legazi liqale.

3. Okulandelayo, i-plasma igcinwa kubushushu obuthile okwethutyana (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-``incubating'').

4. Ekugqibeleni, kongezwa ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi -calcium chloride . Kulapho ke igazi liqala ukwakheka khona.

Abantu belabhoratri bajonga ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani (ngemizuzwana) ukuba igazi liqhekeke ukususela ngexesha lokugqibela lokufakwa kwecalcium chloride. Elo lixabiso lakho lePTT. Uyifumene?

Ngaba kufuneka uzilungiselele ngaphambi kovavanyo lwe-PTT?

Abantu abaninzi bayoyika kancinci xa besiva ngovavanyo lwegazi. Kodwa akukho nto kufuneka uyenze ukuze ulungiselele olu vavanyo lwe-PTT. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba unciphise ukutya kwakho okanye wenze nantoni na enye.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho into encinci onokuyenza. Licebo elihle ukusela amanzi amaninzi ngaphambi kokuba utsalwe igazi lakho. Ngale ndlela, kuya kuba lula ukufumana umthambo. Enye into kukuba, ukuba kunokwenzeka, unxibe ihempe enemikhono emifutshane . Ngale ndlela, akuyi kufuneka uphakamise ingalo yakho.

Yintoni omele uyilindele xa utsalwa igazi?

Oku kufana nokutsalwa igazi kwezinye iimvavanyo zegazi. Khawuthelekelele ukuba uye eofisini kagqirha ukuze kutsalwe igazi.

• Umongikazi okanye umntu ovela kwilabhoratri uza kukucela ukuba uhlale esitulweni. Isenokuba sisitulo esinendawo yokubeka iingalo apho unokolula khona iingalo zakho.
• Emva koko babophe i-tourniquet engalweni yakho, njengebhanti yerabha, ukuze imithambo ibonakale ngcono.
• Okulandelayo, indawo yokubhoboza iyacocwa ngokuyisula ngento efana notywala.
• Emva koko, kufakwa inaliti encinci kakhulu eluswini olucociweyo.
• Igazi elincinci lithathwa emthanjeni lize liqokelelwe kwityhubhu ekhethekileyo. Le tyhubhu inekhemikhali egcina igazi lingaqini ngaphakathi kwityhubhu.

Yiloo nto kuphela eyenzekayo. Xa uhlatywa luhlatywa, kuvakala ngathi imbovane encinci iyakuluma , kodwa luhlala imizuzwana embalwa kuphela.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokuba igazi litsaliwe?

Nje ukuba bagqibe ukuthatha igazi, baza kwenza oku:

• Ususa irabha ebotshelelwe esihlahleni sakhe.
• Imonki ikhupha iva esandleni sayo.
• Beka into efana neqhekeza lekotoni kwindawo apho ulunywe khona uze uyibambe apho okwethutyana.
• Emva koko, kufakwa ibhandishi encinci kuloo ndawo.

Ungayisusa loo plasta kwiiyure ezimbalwa.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi ngolu vavanyo?

Enyanisweni, olu vavanyo lwe-PTT luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo kakhulu . Akukho mingcipheko mikhulu.

• Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive iintlungu ezincinci xa kufakwa inaliti.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, indawo ejikeleze indawo ebhobokileyo ingajika ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njengenxeba elincinci . Oku kuya kuphola ngokwako kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Akukho nto yokukhathazeka ngayo.

Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba igazi liqhubeke liphuma igazi okanye losuleleke kwindawo ebelitsalwe kuyo igazi. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho .

Iziphumo zengxelo ye-PTT... zithini?

Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-PTT ziyafumaneka ngemizuzwana embalwa . Oku kuthetha ukuba kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa ukuba igazi lakho lijiye.

Ngokwesiqhelo, ixabiso le-PTT eliphakathi kwemizuzwana engama-25 ukuya kwengama-35 lithathwa njengelikwi "uluhlu oluqhelekileyo" . Nangona kunjalo, olu luhlu oluqhelekileyo lunokwahluka kancinci ukusuka kwelinye ilabhoratri ukuya kwelinye. Ke ngoko, kufuneka uthelekise ixabiso lakho noluhlu oluqhelekileyo kwingxelo yakho.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba ne-PTT ephezulu? Kuthetha ukuba kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba igazi lijiye!

Khawucinge ukuba ixabiso lakho le-PTT liphezulu kunomlinganiselo oqhelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba igazi lakho lithatha ixesha elide kunesiqhelo ukuba lijiye . Kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku:

• Ukuba uthatha i-heparin, idosi ye-heparin oyinikwayo inokuba phezulu kancinci .
• Usenokuba nesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba esichaphazela ukujiya kwegazi.
• Usenokuba nesifo sesibindi (njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, isibindi sivelisa izinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi).
• Usenokuba une -leukemia , imeko echaphazela ukujiya kwegazi.
• Usenokuba uneengxaki zemfuza ezifunyenwe kubazali bakho, ezifana nesifo se-hemophilia okanye isifo se-von Willebrand . Ezi zizifo ezinciphisa ukujiya kwegazi.
• I-Vitamin K emzimbeni wakhoUsenokuba awunayo iVithamin K eyaneleyo. IVithamin K ikwayinto enceda ekuqhekekeni kwegazi.

Oku kunokubangela ukuba i-PTT yakho inyuke. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela oku ngakumbi.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukwazi iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-PTT?

Oku kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwilabhoratri ofumana kuyo uvavanyo. Ezinye iilabhoratri zinokukunika iziphumo ngaloo mini inye . Ezinye iindawo zingathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa . Xa unikela ngegazi, ungababuza ukuba ungayifumana nini ingxelo.

Ukuba iziphumo aziqhelekanga, yintoni oyenzayo emva koko?

Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwe-PTT zingaphaya komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba aziqhelekanga, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela into omawuyenze ngokulandelayo. Banokuthi:

• Usenokucelwa ukuba wenze uvavanyo oluthe kratya ukuze ufumane ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ingxaki yakho. Umzekelo, ukuze ubone ukuba kukho ingxaki na nge-blood clotting factor ethile (`(clotting factor)`).
• Ukuba usebenzisa i-heparin, idosi yakho ye-heparin inokufuneka ilungiswe .

Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha uza kukuxelela ngqo into omawuyenze emva koko.

Uyafuna ukubona ugqirha kwakhona?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo.

• Ukuba awukayifumani ingxelo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, fowunela ugqirha wakho .
• Emva kokufumana ingxelo, ukuba awuqinisekanga ngeziphumo okanye into omawuyenze ngokulandelayo , qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho kwaye ubuze ngayo. Musa ukufihla nantoni na.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kovavanyo lwe-PT kunye novavanyo lwe-PTT (aPTT)?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, uvavanyo lwe-`PT` (`(uvavanyo lwexesha le-Prothrombin)`) kunye novavanyo lwe-`aPTT` (PTT) ziimvavanyo ezimbini ezijonga amaqela amabini ahlukeneyo ezinto zokunqanda igazi (`(izinto zokunqanda igazi)`). Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi ngezinto ezininzi kunokuba unokuzibona ngovavanyo olunye nje, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela zombini ezi mvavanyo. Oku kuya kukunika umfanekiso opheleleyo wenkqubo yokunqanda igazi.

Kunokuba yinto exhalabisayo ukwazi ukuba igazi lakho lijika ngokukhawuleza okanye kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngovavanyo olulula lwegazi olufana nolu, ugqirha wakho angafumana unobangela wengxaki yakho yokujiya kwegazi aze ayinyange ngokufanelekileyo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba kukho into ongayiqondiyo, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Emva koko banokukuchazela yonke into.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ekufuneka sizikhumbule kuzo zonke ezi zinto?

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uluqonda kakuhle uvavanyo lwe-PTT esithethe ngalo namhlanje. Ngamafutshane:

• Uvavanyo lwe-PTT luvavanyo lwegazi olubalulekileyo olulinganisa ixesha elithathwayo ukuze igazi lakho lijiye .
• Oku kujonga nokuba izinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi zisebenza kakuhle na.
• Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa ukuba uphuma igazi rhoqo, unamahlwili egazi, wenza utyando, okanye usela amayeza afana ne-heparin.
• Olu vavanyo aludingi lungiselelo lukhethekileyo , lufuna nje indlela encinci eneengxangxasi.
• Ukuba iziphumo aziqhelekanga, ugqirha uza kufumanisa unobangela aze akuxelele ukuba wenze ntoni emva koko .
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo ngayo nayiphi na into, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhathalela impilo yakho. Ngeemvavanyo ezinje, singakwazi ukubona nokunyanga naziphi na iingxaki kwangethuba. Ngoko ke, hlala usempilweni wonke umntu!

Uvavanyo lwe - PTT, uvavanyo lwe-aPTT, ukujiya kwegazi, ukopha, i-heparin, uvavanyo lwegazi, izinto zokujiya kwegazi